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Martian2020's questions

Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2025-04-08 12:02:36 +0800 CST
  • 5

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15230289/read-keyboard-input-within-a-pipelined-read-loop中的答案解决了在管道中读取键盘输入的紧急问题：

mycommand-outputpiped | while read line
do
    # do stuff
    read confirm < /dev/tty
done

为什么它能正常工作？没有tty重定向到标准输入吗？我可以获取一个文件描述符来/dev/tty代替它read -u fd吗？TIA

bash
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2024-11-04 17:10:10 +0800 CST
  • 5

我遇到了一个奇怪的问题。我已将媒体文件复制到 USB 闪存（使用 Linux Mint）。现在，当播放此文件时，mpv它会冻结一段时间，整个屏幕上显示看起来像绿色外语符号的东西（解冻后没有字幕）。从初始磁盘播放时，播放正常。终端中计算的哈希值相同。

我想知道播放同一个文件怎么会导致不同的结果。

linux
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2024-07-02 11:51:30 +0800 CST
  • 8

我使用的是 Linux Mint 21（基于 Ubuntu）。刚刚注意到man页面内部搜索（/）在两行之间找不到单词（该单词在页面源代码中是完整的，以连字符和缩进显示）。我非常惊讶。有什么补救措施吗？

网络搜索在最佳结果中没有发现这个问题，也许它很少见，甚至是我的系统上的一个小故障？

我可以禁用分词作为一种解决方法吗？完全禁用吗？如果不行，那么针对roff代码中的特定行禁用吗？

例如man mpv.1（支持。）

描述 mpv 是基于 MPlayer 和 mplayer2 的媒体播放器。它支持多种视频文件格式、音频和视频编解码器以及字幕类型。特殊输入 URL 类型可用于从磁盘文件以外的各种来源读取输入。根据平台的不同，支持多种不同的视频和音频输出方法。

来源：

\fBmpv\fP 是基于 MPlayer 和 mplayer2 的媒体播放器。它支持多种视频文件格式、音频和视频编解码器以及字幕类型。特殊输入 URL 类型可用于从磁盘文件以外的各种来源读取输入。根据平台的不同，支持各种不同的视频和音频输出方法。

編輯：已編輯/etc/groff/man.local

.\" -*- nroff -*-
.\"
.\" This file is loaded after an-old.tmac.
.\" Put any local modifications to an-old.tmac here.
.
.  \" Disable hyphenation.
.nr HY 0
.
.if n \{\

ETC...

man
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2023-11-03 19:25:05 +0800 CST
  • 7

info make打开一样man make。我从https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.info.tar.gz下载了文件，然后：

sudo cp ~/Downloads/make.info.tar.gz /usr/share/info/

sudo install-info /usr/share/info/make.info.tar.gz /usr/share/info/dir

我从https://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/manual/texinfo/texinfo.html#Installing-an-Info-File获取信息（没有双关语）

现在，当我这样做时，有一个新条目info：

  • 制造：（制造）。自动重制文件。

但当我选择它时，我得到了Cannot find node ''。info make仍然显示手册页，而不是信息文档页。可能是什么问题呢？

info
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2023-10-26 21:21:06 +0800 CST
  • 5

我试图了解能力倾向是如何运作的。我已经下载了包的所有依赖项（据我所知，通过替换空的 dpkg 状态文件）。后来，在安装软件包时替换回系统的当前状态文件后，我看到尝试下载下载所有依赖项时apt install列出的软件包。建议稍后在/不带选项运行suggested时升级的软件包列表中。aptapt-get

怎么会发生这样的事呢？我之前对一些软件包进行了上述测试，并且不需要建议，所以看起来这种情况很少发生。我想了解此案的详细情况，该如何调查？（我已经运行dpkg -s并“建议”一个显示为installed，还有什么？）。顺便说一句，软件包名称是 kdenlive，“最初”建议的软件包名称之一是 poppler-utils。

我不想完全禁用升级，我只是不想升级建议的升级。

~$ aptitude why kdenlive poppler-utils
p   kdenlive               Depends    libkf5filemetadata3 (>= 5.0.2+git20140925)
p   libkf5filemetadata3    Recommends libkf5filemetadata-bin (= 5.92.0-0ubuntu1)
p   libkf5filemetadata-bin Depends    libpoppler-qt5-1 (>= 0.46.0)              
p   libpoppler-qt5-1       Depends    libpoppler118 (= 22.02.0-2ubuntu0.2)      
p   libpoppler118          Recommends poppler-data                              
i   poppler-data           Suggests   poppler-utils
aptitude
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2023-09-22 23:25:13 +0800 CST
  • 5

我想进行包含元字符的编辑。这里https://stackoverflow.com/questions/29613304/is-it-possible-to-escape-regex-metacharacters-reliously-with-sed解决方案之一是通过perlwith s\Q ... \E（已接受答案的近端）。据说它可以处理多线，但是：

echo 'a-b' > a.txt;from='-';to='\n';perl -s -0777 -pe 's/\Q$from\E/$to/' -- -from="$from" -to="$to" a.txt
a\nb
echo 'a-b' > a.txt;from='-';to='\n';perl -s -0777 -pe 's/\Q$from\E/\n/' -- -from="$from" -to="$to" a.txt
a
b

仅当我将其写入自身时，我才能用换行符替换s，通过变量，它由于某种原因不起作用。我无法通过网络搜索找到答案。如何让它与\n变量一起工作？

\nPS 变量可以是任意长度并包含任何元字符，除了用换行符替换的一个特定字符序列（例如 ）之外，所有这些字符都按字面意思使用。

text-processing
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2023-09-22 15:54:42 +0800 CST
  • 6

我正在学习编辑man页面。我刚刚注意到源文件中的 SEE ALSO 部分由单独的行组成（显示为一长行man）。有什么价值吗？或者我也可以将一长串参考文献放在一行中？

PS 简单的相关问题只是与主要问题一起出现（随意忽略）。在某些源文件中，行以“,”( ) 结尾grep，有些则不以“,” ( cgcreate) 结尾。以.BR （grep）开头或不以（cgcreate）开头。除了缩进还有什么意义吗？

man
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2022-12-14 06:21:55 +0800 CST
  • 7

我已经查看了 Bash 中 $(command substitution) 中的引用，但仍然没有得到我做错的事情（我的代码在我看来是接受的答案中的“推荐方式”）以及如何修复它：

print_and_run(){
    echo next line: "$1"
    echo "$($1)"
}

print_and_run 'sed --in-place -- "s|fetch = +refs/\*:refs/\*|fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*|" .git/config' 
next line: sed --in-place -- "s|fetch = +refs/\*:refs/\*|fetch = +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*|" .git/config
sed: -e expression #1, char 1: unknown command: `"'

sedline 独立工作，函数print_and_run适用于不带引号的命令，例如print_and_run 'cat ./.git/config'. TIA

顺便说一句，不确定它是否重要：我写道echo "$($1)"不要echo $($1)用换行符打印：https ://stackoverflow.com/questions/15184358/how-to-avoid-bash-command-substitution-to-remove-the-newline-character ，和现在我看到前者看起来像“是推荐的方式”）。

bash
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2022-01-16 01:44:24 +0800 CST
  • 1

我启动了基于 Linux Mint 20.2 的 liveUSB 记忆棒。在输出 initrd 行（在 vmlinuz 之后）后，我得到了“解码失败，系统停止”的空白屏幕（尝试了两次，错误被重现）。这仅发生在 4 种情况中的 1 种情况下：连接大型 (>4TB) SATA 驱动器的传统启动；UEFI 使用驱动器启动（一个 4Tb 和一个 >4TB），传统启动不带该驱动器（仅连接一个 4TB）（第 4 个：UEFI 不带磁盘，我没有尝试过）。找到支持大型驱动器的 Web 搜索：https ://superuser.com/questions/1005475/trying-to-understand-linux-support-for-4tb-hard-disk-drive-on-legacy-bios其中：

综上所述，由于新磁盘是非引导磁盘，因此您不必真正关心这些问题。

对于“解码失败，系统停止”，我阅读了许多找到的链接：https : //askubuntu.com/questions/1269855/usb-installer-initramfs-unpacking-failed-decoding-failed，https://forums。 linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?t=328925，https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ubuntu-meta/+bug/1870260，https://askubuntu.com/questions/1355231/decoding- _ _ _ _系统停止失败，https://www.quora.com/Now-I-am-booting-Ubuntu-20-10-with-flash-card-When-booting-it-is-saying-Decoding-failed- system-halted-What-should-I-do，https://www.reddit.com/r/linux4noobs/comments/q7ahdx/decoding_failed_system_halted_problem/。

我看不出它如何适用于我的问题，他们谈论 initrd 中用于压缩的错误、驱动器在硬件级别上出现故障、随机发生的问题。我猜想在 BIOS/传统模式下 initrd 无法识别大型 SATA 磁盘。我该如何检查？

补充1：
今天的另一个问题：

64 bit relocation outside of kernel! 
--- system halted

再次loading initrd.lz...输出支持 PSU 失败假设的答案。当我连接一个硬盘驱动器时，系统在没有电源的情况下启动 - 繁荣那个新的。

linux boot
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2022-01-11 20:30:04 +0800 CST
  • 1

我已经NetworkManager使用以太网电缆连接了两台运行 Linux Mint 20.2 的 PC。在启用接口时，PC 获得了 ip6 地址，我能够从另一个 ping 通。但我收到烦人的 GUI 通知“网络连接激活失败”和NetworkManager小程序“正在连接...”中的有线连接状态。

我最初的猜测是由于无法从 DHCP 获取 ip4，所以我在 GUI 中NetworkManager为该有线连接禁用了 ip4。仍然消息保持不变。然后我已经禁用DNS并routes再次在 ip6 有线的 GUI 中NetworkManager。仍然有消息。但是现在有线连接会根据 GUI 自动完全断开，NetworkManager尽管 RJ45 上的 LED 保持盖子/闪烁绿色/橙色（在sudo ifconfig eth down运行命令的 PC 上 LED 完全关闭后）。一段时间后，由于我尚不清楚的原因（ping再次开始收到回复），重新建立了通过 ip6 的连接。

在上述情况下，“正在连接...”、“激活网络连接失败”是什么意思？

我想要一种最简单的脚本方式将两台 PC 与 Linux 连接，最好是通过 ip6。到目前为止，正如我所看到的，它几乎是开箱即用的，但这些消息可能会干扰（而且肯定很烦人，我还没有发现在 Cinnamon 中禁用它们的方法）。

添加1：

Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8604] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <warn>  [1641876775.8655] device (enp0s25): Activation: failed for connection 'Wired connection 1'
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8660] device (enp0s25): state change: failed -> disconnected (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8836] dhcp4 (enp0s25): canceled DHCP transaction
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8837] dhcp4 (enp0s25): state changed timeout -> done
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8879] policy: auto-activating connection 'Wired connection 1' (*****)
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8900] device (enp0s25): Activation: starting connection 'Wired connection 1' (*****)
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8938] device (enp0s25): state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8944] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8947] device (enp0s25): state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8956] device (enp0s25): state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 04:52:55 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876775.8963] dhcp4 (enp0s25): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds)
Jan 11 04:53:40 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <warn>  [1641876820.8574] dhcp4 (enp0s25): request timed out
Jan 11 04:53:40 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876820.8575] dhcp4 (enp0s25): state changed unknown -> timeout
Jan 11 04:53:40 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876820.8577] device (enp0s25): state change: ip-config -> failed (reason 'ip-config-unavailable', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 04:53:40 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641876820.8600] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED

添加 2：上面添加的 1 是在禁用 ip4 之前，下面禁用时剩余的行数更少（dhcp4消失了）：

Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8456] device (enp0s25): state change: ip-config -> failed (reason 'ip-config-unavailable', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8478] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <warn>  [1641887353.8536] device (enp0s25): Activation: failed for connection 'Wired connection 1'
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8560] device (enp0s25): state change: failed -> disconnected (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8588] policy: auto-activating connection 'Wired connection 1' (*****)
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8622] device (enp0s25): Activation: starting connection 'Wired connection 1' (****)
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8627] device (enp0s25): state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8639] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8647] device (enp0s25): state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:13 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887353.8660] device (enp0s25): state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:45 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887385.8471] device (enp0s25): state change: ip-config -> failed (reason 'ip-config-unavailable', sys-iface-state: 'managed')
Jan 11 07:49:45 mint NetworkManager[1184]: <info>  [1641887385.8497] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED
linux networking
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2022-01-08 02:34:17 +0800 CST
  • 1

今天我下载了几个文件。应用程序 AFAIK 从一开始就为整个文件保留空间。对于第一个和第二个文件，我看到下载开始后可用 RAM 立即减少，但对于第三个文件，没有足够的空间（每条消息），我删除了一些并开始下载。但令我惊讶free的是，继续显示可用空间很大。我检查了文件的大小，认为该应用程序可能只保留了部分空间来启动，但不，文件大小已满几个 GB，如 Nemo 所示。我想也许我不小心删除了超出预期的内容，但下载后free显示几乎没有可用内存。文件系统如何报告相当大的对象（文件），但它不占用空间？

该系统基于 Ubuntu liveUSB，启动到 RAM，例如，findmnt因此我犹豫调用它，因为我不太了解启动脚本（也不确定哪些标签适用于该问题）。如果确定原因很重要，我可以尝试在纯 tmpfs 驱动器上重现该问题。哦，我的问题 - 如果信息相互矛盾，我如何信任来自各种 Linux 实用程序的信息？/cowtmpfs

linux filesystems
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2022-01-05 05:46:36 +0800 CST
  • 0

今天我终于猜到了为什么当我尝试安装一组下载了依赖项的 debian 软件包时，例如apt-get install --download-only --assume-yes libssl-dev即使 dpkg 状态文件为空（很多 deb 文件），仍然在安装时我曾经（今天再次）无法安装：apt-get install path/*.debprinted The following additional packages will be installed: libssl1.1:i386。（我已经尝试寻求帮助来描述结果，但这些问题的目的是因为我知道理解不正确的原因）：apt 如何跟踪 BUILD（源）依赖项？和https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70491862/how-to-list-download-the-recursive-build-dependencies-of-a-debian-package

我的猜测是libssl1.1这里安装了 i386 架构的软件包（我签入了状态文件 - 它是：Status: install ok installed对于两者amd64和i386）。因此，在安装时libssl1.1 apt-get尝试libssl1.1为该软件包的所有已安装架构升级它。但是，当在一个系统上下载时，除了在命令行上请求的包之外，没有其他架构的包时，apt-get只会下载一个架构。

是否有任何选项可以仅为一种架构安装软件包和依赖项？如果只有一个架构发生变化，我看不出它会如何破坏系统。（或者下载所有可用架构的依赖项）？

man apt-get:
       --arch-only
           Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item:
           APT::Get::Arch-Only.

然而：

sudo apt-get install --download-only --assume-yes --arch-only libssl-dev
E: Command line option --arch-only is not understood in combination with the other options
apt package-management
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-12-28 23:55:35 +0800 CST
  • 1

https://askubuntu.com/questions/128524/how-to-list-dependent-packages-reverse-dependencies建议apt-cache rdepends但没有解释如何解释输出。输出由没有缩进和两个空格一的行组成。但是依赖项形成了一个树形结构，有什么方法可以看到输出吗？如何解释没有树？例如：

我跑：

~$ apt-cache rdepends --recurse --no-recommends --no-suggests --no-conflicts --no-breaks --no-replaces --no-enhances libpulse0:i386

得到~1k 行（只有--recurse选项输出是~500k 行）。第 300 行左右（最后的完整输出）：

...
Reverse Depends:
  libpcaudio-dev:i386
  espeak-ng:i386
  libespeak-ng1:i386
libcanberra-pulse:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
...

在此之前我没有注意到列出的非 i386 包，所以第一个是pulseaudio. 如何找出需要哪个包pulseaudio？前一行的缩进与前一次不同，没有缩进libcanberra-pulse:i386。这是否意味着libcanberra-pulse:i386需要pulseaudio？下面的输出apt-cache show将其列为依赖项，但输出apt-cache rdepends未列出其他依赖项，例如libc6.

$ apt-cache show libcanberra-pulse:i386
Package: libcanberra-pulse
Architecture: i386
Version: 0.30-7ubuntu1
Multi-Arch: same
Priority: optional
Section: libdevel
Source: libcanberra
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: Debian GNOME Maintainers <[email protected]>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 49
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.4), libcanberra0 (= 0.30-7ubuntu1), libpulse0 (>= 0.99.1), pulseaudio

完整输出：

~$ apt-cache rdepends --recurse --no-recommends --no-suggests --no-conflicts --no-breaks --no-replaces --no-enhances libpulse0:i386
libpulse0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine-stable-i386:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  libpulsedsp:i386
  libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386
  libpulse-dev:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
  openjdk-8-jre:i386
  libavdevice58:i386
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  libpulsedsp:i386
  libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386
  libpulse-dev:i386
  gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio:i386
  libpulse-dev:i386
  vlc-plugin-base:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
  openmpt123:i386
  openjdk-8-jre:i386
  mpg123:i386
  lmms:i386
  libwine-development:i386
  libwine:i386
  libsox-fmt-pulse:i386
  libsoundio1:i386
  libsdl2-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl1.2debian:i386
  librtaudio6:i386
  libqt5multimedia5-plugins:i386
  libqt5multimedia5:i386
  libmikmod3:i386
  libfluidsynth2:i386
  libespeak1:i386
  libavdevice58:i386
  gpac-modules-base:i386
  speech-dispatcher-audio-plugins:i386
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  libpulsedsp:i386
  libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386
  libasound2-plugins:i386
  libpcaudio0:i386
  libcanberra-pulse:i386
  gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio:i386
wine-stable-i386:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-utils:i386
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio:i386
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
    pulseaudio
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer:i386
  libcanberra-pulse:i386
    pulseaudio
libpulsedsp:i386
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
  pulseaudio-utils:i386
libpulse-mainloop-glib0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libpulse-dev:i386
  libpulse-dev:i386
  libpulse-dev:i386
libpulse-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  qtmultimedia5-dev:i386
  libsdl2-dev:i386
  libsdl1.2-dev:i386
  librtaudio-dev:i386
  libefl-all-dev:i386
openjdk-8-jre:i386
Reverse Depends:
  openjdk-8-jdk:i386
  openjdk-8-demo:i386
  openjdk-8-jdk:i386
  openjdk-8-demo:i386
libavdevice58:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libavdevice-dev:i386
  ffmpeg:i386
  ffmpeg:i386
  libavdevice-dev:i386
  gpac:i386
gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio:i386
Reverse Depends:
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-good-dbg:i386
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-good-dbg:i386
vlc-plugin-base:i386
Reverse Depends:
  vlc:i386
openmpt123:i386
Reverse Depends:
mpg123:i386
Reverse Depends:
lmms:i386
Reverse Depends:
libwine-development:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine32-development:i386
  libwine-development-dev:i386
  dxvk-wine32-development:i386
  carla-bridge-wine32:i386
libwine:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine32:i386
  lmms-vst-server:i386
  libwine-dev:i386
libsox-fmt-pulse:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsox-fmt-all:i386
  sox:i386
libsoundio1:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsoundio-dev:i386
  lmms:i386
libsdl2-2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libavdevice58:i386
  ffmpeg:i386
  pcsx2:i386
  libsdl2-ttf-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl2-net-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl2-mixer-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl2-image-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl2-gfx-1.0-0:i386
  libsdl2-dev:i386
  libmikmod3:i386
  bochs:i386
  libfluidsynth2:i386
  libfaudio0:i386
  libavdevice58:i386
  fluidsynth:i386
  ffmpeg:i386
  bochs-sdl:i386
libsdl1.2debian:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl1.2-dev:i386
  dgen:i386
  zsnes:i386
  vlc-plugin-base:i386
  smpeg-plaympeg:i386
  smpeg-gtv:i386
  mpeg2dec:i386
  mjpegtools:i386
  lmms:i386
  libtheora-bin:i386
  libsmpeg0:i386
  adlibtracker2:i386
  libsdl-ttf2.0-0:i386
  libsdl-sound1.2:i386
  libsdl-sge:i386
  libsdl-pango1:i386
  libsdl-ocaml:i386
  libsdl-net1.2:i386
  libsdl-mixer1.2:i386
  libsdl-image1.2:i386
  libsdl-gst:i386
  libsdl-gfx1.2-5:i386
  libsdl-console:i386
  liblavplay-2.1-0:i386
  libdv-bin:i386
  libde265-examples:i386
  gpac-modules-base:i386
  fenix-plugins:i386
  fenix-plugin-mpeg:i386
  fenix:i386
librtaudio6:i386
Reverse Depends:
  librtaudio-dev:i386
  stk:i386
  libstk-4.6.1:i386
libqt5multimedia5-plugins:i386
Reverse Depends:
  qtmultimedia5-examples:i386
libqt5multimedia5:i386
Reverse Depends:
  qtmultimedia5-examples:i386
  qtmultimedia5-dev:i386
  qml-module-qtmultimedia:i386
  qml-module-qtaudioengine:i386
  python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia-dbg:i386
  python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia:i386
  libqt5multimediawidgets5:i386
  libqt5multimediaquick5:i386
  libqt5multimediagsttools5:i386
  libqt5multimedia5-plugins:i386
libmikmod3:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libmikmod-dev:i386
  libsdl-sound1.2:i386
  libsdl-mixer1.2:i386
libfluidsynth2:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libfluidsynth-dev:i386
  vlc-plugin-fluidsynth:i386
  lmms:i386
  libsdl2-mixer-2.0-0:i386
  libsdl-mixer1.2:i386
  fluidsynth:i386
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:i386
libespeak1:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libespeak-dev:i386
  speech-dispatcher-espeak:i386
    libespeak-ng-libespeak1:i386
  espeak:i386
    libespeak-ng-libespeak1:i386
gpac-modules-base:i386
Reverse Depends:
  gpac:i386
speech-dispatcher-audio-plugins:i386
Reverse Depends:
  speech-dispatcher-ibmtts:i386
  speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-ibmtts:i386
libasound2-plugins:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine-stable-i386:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio:i386
libpcaudio0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libpcaudio-dev:i386
  espeak-ng:i386
  libespeak-ng1:i386
libcanberra-pulse:i386
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio
Reverse Depends:
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf
  pulseaudio-module-raop
  pulseaudio-module-lirc
  pulseaudio-module-jack
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings
  pulseaudio-equalizer
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-raop
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-lirc
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-jack
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-equalizer
    pulseaudio:i386
  plasma-pa
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-desktop-minimal
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  x2gothinclient-minidesktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  x2gothinclient-chroot
    pulseaudio:i386
  vanilla-gnome-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntukylin-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-unity-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-mate-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-mate-core
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-budgie-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
  pulseeffects
    pulseaudio:i386
  pulseaudio-module-zeroconf
  pulseaudio-module-raop
  pulseaudio-module-lirc
  pulseaudio-module-jack
  pulseaudio-module-gsettings
  pulseaudio-equalizer
  plasma-pa
    pulseaudio:i386
  pavucontrol-qt
    pulseaudio:i386
  osspd-pulseaudio
    pulseaudio:i386
  mkchromecast-pulseaudio
    pulseaudio:i386
  lubuntu-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  kubuntu-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
 |kde-telepathy-call-ui
    pulseaudio:i386
  indicator-sound
    pulseaudio:i386
  gqrx-sdr
    pulseaudio:i386
  gnome-core
    pulseaudio:i386
  cairo-dock-impulse-plug-in
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-desktop-minimal
    pulseaudio:i386
  ubuntu-desktop
    pulseaudio:i386
  libcanberra-pulse
    pulseaudio:i386
  chromium
    pulseaudio:i386
qtmultimedia5-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-ttf-dev:i386
  libsdl2-net-dev:i386
  libsdl2-mixer-dev:i386
  libsdl2-image-dev:i386
  libsdl2-gfx-dev:i386
libsdl1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsmpeg-dev:i386
  libsdl-console-dev:i386
  libsdl-ttf2.0-dev:i386
  libsdl-sound1.2-dev:i386
  libsdl-sge-dev:i386
  libsdl-pango-dev:i386
  libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
  libsdl-net1.2-dev:i386
  libsdl-mixer1.2-dev:i386
  libsdl-image1.2-dev:i386
  libsdl-gfx1.2-dev:i386
librtaudio-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libstk-dev:i386
  librtmidi-dev:i386
libefl-all-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-jdk:i386
Reverse Depends:
openjdk-8-demo:i386
Reverse Depends:
libavdevice-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
ffmpeg:i386
Reverse Depends:
gpac:i386
Reverse Depends:
gstreamer1.0-plugins-good-dbg:i386
Reverse Depends:
vlc:i386
Reverse Depends:
wine32-development:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine32-development-preloader:i386
libwine-development-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine32-development-tools:i386
dxvk-wine32-development:i386
Reverse Depends:
carla-bridge-wine32:i386
Reverse Depends:
  carla-bridge-win32:i386
wine32:i386
Reverse Depends:
  lmms-vst-server:i386
  wine32-preloader:i386
lmms-vst-server:i386
Reverse Depends:
libwine-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  wine32-tools:i386
libsox-fmt-all:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsox-dev:i386
sox:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsoundio-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
pcsx2:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-ttf-2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-ttf-dev:i386
libsdl2-net-2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-net-dev:i386
libsdl2-mixer-2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-mixer-dev:i386
libsdl2-image-2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-image-dev:i386
libsdl2-gfx-1.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl2-gfx-dev:i386
bochs:i386
Reverse Depends:
  bochs-x:i386
  bochs-wx:i386
  bochs-term:i386
  bochs-sdl:i386
libfaudio0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libwine:i386
  wine-stable-i386:i386
  libwine-development:i386
  libfaudio-dev:i386
fluidsynth:i386
Reverse Depends:
bochs-sdl:i386
Reverse Depends:
dgen:i386
Reverse Depends:
zsnes:i386
Reverse Depends:
smpeg-plaympeg:i386
Reverse Depends:
smpeg-gtv:i386
Reverse Depends:
mpeg2dec:i386
Reverse Depends:
mjpegtools:i386
Reverse Depends:
  mjpegtools-gtk:i386
libtheora-bin:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsmpeg0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsmpeg-dev:i386
  smpeg-plaympeg:i386
  smpeg-gtv:i386
  fenix-plugin-mpeg:i386
adlibtracker2:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-ttf2.0-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ttf2.0-dev:i386
  libsdl-ocaml:i386
libsdl-sound1.2:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-sound1.2-dev:i386
libsdl-sge:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-sge-dev:i386
libsdl-pango1:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-pango-dev:i386
libsdl-ocaml:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-net1.2:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-net1.2-dev:i386
  fenix-plugins:i386
libsdl-mixer1.2:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  libsdl-mixer1.2-dev:i386
  fenix:i386
  fenix-plugin-mpeg:i386
libsdl-image1.2:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  libsdl-sge:i386
  libsdl-ocaml:i386
  libsdl-image1.2-dev:i386
  libsdl-console:i386
  fenix-plugins:i386
libsdl-gst:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-gfx1.2-5:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ocaml:i386
  libsdl-gfx1.2-dev:i386
libsdl-console:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-console-dev:i386
liblavplay-2.1-0:i386
Reverse Depends:
  mjpegtools:i386
  libmjpegtools-dev:i386
libdv-bin:i386
Reverse Depends:
libde265-examples:i386
Reverse Depends:
fenix-plugins:i386
Reverse Depends:
fenix-plugin-mpeg:i386
Reverse Depends:
fenix:i386
Reverse Depends:
  pixbros:i386
  pixfrogger:i386
stk:i386
Reverse Depends:
  lmms:i386
libstk-4.6.1:i386
Reverse Depends:
  stk:i386
  lmms:i386
  libstk-dev:i386
qtmultimedia5-examples:i386
Reverse Depends:
qml-module-qtmultimedia:i386
Reverse Depends:
  qtmultimedia5-examples:i386
qml-module-qtaudioengine:i386
Reverse Depends:
python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia-dbg:i386
Reverse Depends:
python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia:i386
Reverse Depends:
  python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia-dbg:i386
libqt5multimediawidgets5:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  qtmultimedia5-examples:i386
  qtmultimedia5-dev:i386
  python3-pyqt5.qtmultimedia-dbg:i386
  libqt5multimediagsttools5:i386
libqt5multimediaquick5:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  qml-module-qtmultimedia:i386
libqt5multimediagsttools5:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  libqt5multimedia5-plugins:i386
libmikmod-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-mixer1.2-dev:i386
libfluidsynth-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
vlc-plugin-fluidsynth:i386
Reverse Depends:
gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad:i386
Reverse Depends:
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-dbg:i386
libespeak-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-espeak:i386
Reverse Depends:
libespeak-ng-libespeak1:i386
Reverse Depends:
espeak:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-ibmtts:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher:i386
Reverse Depends:
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    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-pico:i386
    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-pico:i386
    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-ibmtts:i386
    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-ibmtts:i386
    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-kali:i386
    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-kali:i386
    speech-dispatcher
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    speech-dispatcher
  speech-dispatcher-cicero:i386
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    speech-dispatcher
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    speech-dispatcher
libpcaudio-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
espeak-ng:i386
Reverse Depends:
libespeak-ng1:i386
Reverse Depends:
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  libespeak-ng-libespeak1:i386
  espeak-ng:i386
  speech-dispatcher-espeak-ng:i386
pulseaudio-module-bluetooth
Reverse Depends:
  lubuntu-desktop
  gnome-core
pulseaudio-module-zeroconf
Reverse Depends:
  paprefs
  pulseaudio-module-raop
  pulseaudio-module-raop
  pulseaudio-module-raop
pulseaudio-module-raop
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-lirc
Reverse Depends:
pulseaudio-module-jack
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-controls
  ubuntustudio-controls
pulseaudio-module-gsettings
Reverse Depends:
  paprefs
pulseaudio-equalizer
Reverse Depends:
plasma-pa
Reverse Depends:
 |kde-standard
 |kdemultimedia
ubuntu-desktop-minimal
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntu-desktop
  ubuntu-desktop
ubuntu-desktop
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntu-gnome-desktop
x2gothinclient-minidesktop
Reverse Depends:
  x2gothinclient-chroot
x2gothinclient-chroot
Reverse Depends:
vanilla-gnome-desktop
Reverse Depends:
ubuntukylin-desktop
Reverse Depends:
ubuntu-unity-desktop
Reverse Depends:
ubuntu-mate-desktop
Reverse Depends:
ubuntu-mate-core
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntu-mate-desktop
ubuntu-budgie-desktop
Reverse Depends:
pulseeffects
Reverse Depends:
pavucontrol-qt
Reverse Depends:
 |lxqt
  lubuntu-desktop
osspd-pulseaudio
Reverse Depends:
 |osspd
mkchromecast-pulseaudio
Reverse Depends:
lubuntu-desktop
Reverse Depends:
kubuntu-desktop
Reverse Depends:
kde-telepathy-call-ui
Reverse Depends:
indicator-sound
Reverse Depends:
  unity-control-center
gqrx-sdr
Reverse Depends:
gnome-core
Reverse Depends:
  gnome
cairo-dock-impulse-plug-in
Reverse Depends:
  cairo-dock-plug-ins
libcanberra-pulse
Reverse Depends:
  cinnamon
  plasma-pa
  ubuntukylin-desktop
  ubuntu-mate-desktop
  ubuntu-mate-core
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  gnome-core
  cinnamon
chromium
Reverse Depends:
 |x2gothinclient-minidesktop
 |gnome-core
 |cinnamon-desktop-environment
  chromium-dbg
libsdl2-ttf-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-net-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-mixer-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-image-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl2-gfx-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsmpeg-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-console-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-ttf2.0-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
libsdl-sound1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-sge-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-pango-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-net1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsdl-mixer1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
libsdl-image1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
  libsdl-console-dev:i386
libsdl-gfx1.2-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libsdl-ocaml-dev:i386
libstk-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libstk0-dev:i386
librtmidi-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libstk-dev:i386
wine32-development-preloader:i386
Reverse Depends:
wine32-development-tools:i386
Reverse Depends:
carla-bridge-win32:i386
Reverse Depends:
wine32-preloader:i386
Reverse Depends:
wine32-tools:i386
Reverse Depends:
libsox-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
bochs-x:i386
Reverse Depends:
bochs-wx:i386
Reverse Depends:
 |bochs:i386
bochs-term:i386
Reverse Depends:
libfaudio-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
mjpegtools-gtk:i386
Reverse Depends:
libmjpegtools-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
pixbros:i386
Reverse Depends:
pixfrogger:i386
Reverse Depends:
gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad-dbg:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-baratinoo:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher
Reverse Depends:
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    speech-dispatcher:i386
  orca
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-pico
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-pico
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speechd-up
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-kali
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-kali
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-flite
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-festival
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-espeak
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-cicero
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-baratinoo
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  orca
    speech-dispatcher:i386
  speech-dispatcher-espeak-ng
    speech-dispatcher:i386
speech-dispatcher-pico:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-kali:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-flite:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-cicero:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-espeak-ng:i386
Reverse Depends:
libespeak-ng-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
  libespeak-ng-libespeak-dev:i386
paprefs
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-controls
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-installer
kde-standard
Reverse Depends:
  kde-full
kdemultimedia
Reverse Depends:
  kde-full
ubuntu-gnome-desktop
Reverse Depends:
lxqt
Reverse Depends:
osspd
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-video
  ubuntustudio-audio
  acfax
 |libsnack-oss
unity-control-center
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntu-unity-desktop
 |indicator-bluetooth
gnome
Reverse Depends:
cairo-dock-plug-ins
Reverse Depends:
  cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-mono
  cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-vala
  cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-ruby
  cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-python
  cairo-dock
cinnamon
Reverse Depends:
  cinnamon-dbg
  cinnamon-core
  cinnamon-dbg
  cinnamon-core
  mint-meta-cinnamon
cinnamon-desktop-environment
Reverse Depends:
chromium-dbg
Reverse Depends:
libstk0-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-baratinoo
Reverse Depends:
orca
Reverse Depends:
  gnome
  gnome-orca
  orca-sops
  gnome-orca
speech-dispatcher-pico
Reverse Depends:
speechd-up
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-kali
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-flite
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-festival
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-espeak
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-cicero
Reverse Depends:
speech-dispatcher-espeak-ng
Reverse Depends:
libespeak-ng-libespeak-dev:i386
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-installer
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-default-settings
  ubuntustudio-menu
  ubuntustudio-default-settings
  ubuntustudio-menu
kde-full
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-video
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-audio
Reverse Depends:
acfax
Reverse Depends:
libsnack-oss
Reverse Depends:
 |tcl-snack
indicator-bluetooth
Reverse Depends:
  unity-control-center
cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-mono
Reverse Depends:
cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-vala
Reverse Depends:
cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-ruby
Reverse Depends:
cairo-dock-dbus-plug-in-interface-python
Reverse Depends:
cairo-dock
Reverse Depends:
cinnamon-dbg
Reverse Depends:
cinnamon-core
Reverse Depends:
  cinnamon-desktop-environment
  cinnamon-desktop-environment
mint-meta-cinnamon
Reverse Depends:
  cinnamon-desktop-environment
gnome-orca
Reverse Depends:
orca-sops
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-default-settings
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-lightdm-theme
  ubuntustudio-lightdm-theme
  ubuntustudio-desktop
  ubuntustudio-desktop-core
ubuntustudio-menu
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-default-settings
  ubuntustudio-default-settings
  ubuntustudio-menu-add
  ubuntustudio-branding-common
tcl-snack
Reverse Depends:
  python3-tksnack
  wavesurfer
  transcriber
  tcl-snack-dev
ubuntustudio-lightdm-theme
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-desktop
Reverse Depends:
ubuntustudio-desktop-core
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-desktop
ubuntustudio-menu-add
Reverse Depends:
  ubuntustudio-menu
  ubuntustudio-menu
ubuntustudio-branding-common
Reverse Depends:
python3-tksnack
Reverse Depends:
wavesurfer
Reverse Depends:
transcriber
Reverse Depends:
tcl-snack-dev
Reverse Depends:
~$
apt package-management
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-12-28 16:39:41 +0800 CST
  • 1

我想下载所有（递归）构建依赖项，以便能够从源代码构建 apt（debian）包。但是，当我apt-get install path/*.debs使用我通过apt build-dep --download-only --assume-yes <package>apt 获得的 debs 时，发现要安装的其他软件包并失败，即使使用--no-install-recommends --ignore-missing. 我的具体问题没有得到答案 SO。然后我进一步调查，我没有在成功运行的输出中看到那些额外的包apt build-dep <package>，因此我意识到（显然）应该以不同的方式跟踪构建依赖项。如何？

我的意思是 deb 文件中有Depends/Suggests/Recommends字段，但我没有看到与采购相关的其他字段。build-dep导致找到约 150 个 deb 文件，但在将它们作为包安装期间，apt发现了其他依赖项。

我尝试阅读 Packaging/SourcePackage - Debian Wiki


源代码包为您提供编译或以其他方式构建所需软件的所有必要文件。它以
最简单的形式由三个文件组成：
以 .tar.gz 结尾的上游 tarball 以
.dsc 结尾的描述文件。

apt source cinnamon-settings-daemon

得到cinnamon-settings-daemon_5.0.4+uma.tar.xz.，搜索没有找到.dsc里面的文件，也许 Linux Mint（我使用的操作系统）实现了修改后的 Debian 实现？

构建教程 - Debian Wiki

apt 提供了一种轻松安装所有需要的依赖项的方法：
示例 1：node-pretty-ms
sudo apt build-dep node-pretty-ms 但是我还没有找到系统如何跟踪这些依赖项的描述。

在我得到的一个下载的 deb 文件中，apt build-dep我没有看到包含构建/源代码依赖项的附加部分：

$ apt show /media/ramdrive/debs/cinnamon-settings-daemon/autoconf_2.69-11.1_all.deb
Package: autoconf
Version: 2.69-11.1
Priority: optional
Section: devel
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email protected]>
Original-Maintainer: Ben Pfaff <[email protected]>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 1905 kB
Depends: perl (>> 5.005), m4 (>= 1.4.13), debianutils (>= 1.8)
Recommends: automake | automaken
Suggests: autoconf-archive, gnu-standards, autoconf-doc, libtool, gettext
Breaks: gettext (<< 0.10.39), pkg-config (<< 0.25-1.1)
Homepage: http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/
Task: ubuntustudio-video
Download-Size: 321 kB
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
Description: automatic configure script builder
 The standard for FSF source packages.  This is only useful if you
 write your own programs or if you extensively modify other people's
 programs.
 .
 For an extensive library of additional Autoconf macros, install the
 `autoconf-archive' package.
 .
 This version of autoconf is not compatible with scripts meant for
 Autoconf 2.13 or earlier.

添加1：

apt-get install --no-install-recommends在is期间仍列为“附加”的两个包之一libpulse0:i386。正在做

~$ apt-cache rdepends --recurse --no-recommends --no-suggests --no-conflicts --no-breaks --no-replaces --no-enhances libpulse0:i386 # got ~ 1000 lines

find /path_to_debs/cinnamon-settings-daemon -name *.deb | xargs apt-cache show | grep Package | awk '{print $2}' # ~ 160 debs

并vlookup在 LibreOffice Calc 中使用发现它反向依赖于安装pulseaudio，并且pulseaudio-module-bluetooth通过例如大约 rdepends 的第 300 行：

libcanberra-pulse:i386
ReverseDepends:
pulseaudio

添加 2022/01/06：

我了解最初问题的原因，如果有兴趣，请参阅https://stackoverflow.com/a/70601238/14557599和https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/684975/446998。我无法在这个问题中重现我的主张（我没有在成功运行的输出中看到那些额外的包apt build-dep <package>），也许我在另一个系统上运行该命令，因为我的错误假设蒙蔽了我意识到它们之间的差异很重要。

apt package-management
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-12-25 02:50:32 +0800 CST
  • 7

当我看到这个短语（或类似短语）时，例如今天在如何在 Linux 上使用免费命令（2020 年日期的文章）：

未用于某事的 RAM 是浪费的 RAM

我记得用于移动设备的LPDDR ：

额外的节省来自温度补偿刷新（DRAM 在低温下需要较少刷新）、部分阵列自刷新和牺牲所有内存内容的“深度断电”模式。

由于Android是基于Linux内核的，是否已经支持将部分内存放入“深度掉电”？一些内核参数可以以最小化总内存使用的方式管理数据？

总的来说：Linux内核是否已经放弃了普遍应用“没有被用于某事的RAM是浪费RAM”的方法？

linux-kernel ram
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-12-20 17:28:48 +0800 CST
  • 0
$ man nfs.5
No manual entry for nfs.5

以上是否意味着我安装的手册页不完整？或者是其他东西？如何安装完成？系统是 Linux Mint 20.2（也在 Ubuntu 20.4 上检查 - 相同）。

TL;博士

我想设置一个网络共享/挂载。我做了：

$ man -k nfs
confstr (3)          - get configuration dependent string variables
filesystems (5)      - Linux filesystem types: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, hpfs, iso9660, JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc, Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos,...
fs (5)               - Linux filesystem types: ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, hpfs, iso9660, JFS, minix, msdos, ncpfs nfs, ntfs, proc, Reiserfs, smb, sysv, umsdos,...
nfsservctl (2)       - syscall interface to kernel nfs daemon

然后：

$ man fs

还请参见 fuse(4)、btrfs(5)、ext2(5)、ext3(5)、ext4(5)、nfs(5)、proc(5)、tmpfs(5)、fsck(8)、mkfs(8 ), 安装 (8)

$ man nfs.5
No manual entry for nfs.5

$ man nfsservctl

注意：从 Linux 3.1 开始，这个系统调用不再存在。它已被 nfsd 文件系统中的一组文件所取代；参见 nfsd(7)。

$ man nfsd.7
No manual entry for nfsd.7
man
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-12-12 21:23:34 +0800 CST
  • 1

我运行 bash 脚本。我想从终端和使用“在终端中运行”的 GUI 运行它们，并在运行 interactive 后离开bash。在这里简单地解释一下输出：添加read -rn1。

问题 X：我想要一个“干净”的解决方案，如果脚本从终端运行并且如果从 GUI 运行
，我可以在最后使用带有 bash 的相同终端来关闭它。exit我可以添加bash -i，但如果从终端运行，则需要两个exit来关闭终端。exec bash -i结果相同。

脚本中有没有办法检查它是否是通过“在终端中运行”从 GUI 启动的？

每条评论添加 1 条：

ps aux | grep aaaa # while script started from GUI was running
mint       53293  0.1  0.0  11216  3356 pts/3    Ss+  21:58   0:00 /bin/bash /home/mint/aaaaa.sh

注意到与从终端开始的区别是Ss+而不是S+.

bash gui
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-11-09 05:45:40 +0800 CST
  • 16

我很困惑，但仍然猜想我以某种方式误解了 Bash。

/$ if [   -e /bin/grep ]; then echo yea; else echo nay ; fi
yea
/$ if [ ! -e /bin/grep ]; then echo yea; else echo nay ; fi
nay
/$ if [   -a /bin/grep ]; then echo yea; else echo nay ; fi
yea
/$ if [ ! -a /bin/grep ]; then echo yea; else echo nay ; fi
yea

为什么否定!会逆转-e测试而不是-a测试的效果？

男人 bash 说：

测试：

3 论据

以下条件按所列顺序应用。

  1. 如果第二个参数是上面在条件表达式下列出的二进制条件运算符之一，则表达式的结果是使用第一个和第三个参数作为操作数的二进制测试的结果。当存在三个参数时，-aand运算符被视为二元运算符。-o
  2. 如果第一个参数是!，则该值是使用第二个和第三个参数对双参数测试的否定。

Bash 条件表达式

条件表达式由[[ 复合命令test和[内置命令使用

-a file
如果文件存在则为真。
-b file
如果文件存在并且是块特殊文件，则为真。
-c file
如果文件存在并且是字符特殊文件，则为真。
-d file
如果文件存在并且是目录，则为真。
-e file
如果文件存在则为真。

bash test
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-11-05 00:42:29 +0800 CST
  • 5

这个GRUB Quiet Splash说：

启动画面（最终出现在您的 /boot/grub/grub.cfg 中）会导致显示启动画面。

同时，您希望引导过程保持安静，否则各种消息都会破坏启动画面。

尽管在 GRUB 中指定了这些是影响内核或其模块加载的内核参数，但不会改变 GRUB 行为。

但是，我没有splash在https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v5.0/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.html上找到，但是 AFAIK 它适用于基于内核 5+ 的现代发行版。为什么？

linux boot
Martin Hope
Martian2020
Asked: 2021-10-30 04:01:10 +0800 CST
  • 1

男人dd：

dd - 转换和复制文件

我倾向于使用dd. 奇怪的是，复制 1 字节文本文件后变得小得多：

$ block_size=1; device_to_edit=/media/ramdrive/a; device_from=/media/ramdrive/b; echo "aaaaaaaaaa">$device_to_edit; echo "bbbbbbbbbb">$device_from; cat $device_to_edit; cat $device_from; dd if=$device_from of=$device_to_edit count=1 seek=2 skip=2 bs=$block_size; cat $device_to_edit
aaaaaaaaaa
bbbbbbbbbb
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1 byte copied, 0,000156688 s, 6,4 kB/s
aab

它说1 byte copied，为什么文件结尾不见了？

添加：

正如评论所建议的，conv=notrunc修复它。但从man：

conv=CONVS 根据逗号分隔的符号列表转换文件

我不想转换文件。在阅读有关复制块设备的内容时，我还没有看到这个操作数。当不是所有文件（例如 /dev/sdb: USB 磁盘中的一个 512 字节块）都被更改时，是否总是需要它？

linux dd