频道[ubuntu] - AskOverflow

dust_bg

Asked: 2024-10-14 01:23:25 +0800 CST

SSH 客户端不向 SSH 服务器提供公钥

18

我无法通过 SSH 从一台主机连接到我的 Ubuntu 22.04 服务器。我可以从其他主机毫无问题地连接到该服务器。但是，当我尝试从该主机连接时：ssh -p 5435 -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 user@my_server.com -vvv 我得到：

OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10, OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts' -> '/home/user/.ssh/known_hosts'
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts2' -> '/home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2'
debug2: resolving "my_server.com" port 5435
debug3: resolve_host: lookup my_server.com: 5435
debug3: ssh_connect_direct: entering
debug1: Connecting to my_server.com [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] port 5435.
debug3: set_sock_tos: set socket 3 IP_TOS 0x10
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519 type 3
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10
debug1: compat_banner: match: OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to my_server.com:5435 as 'user'
debug3: put_host_port: [my_server.com]:5435
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from [my_server.com]:5435
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: have matching best-preference key type [email protected], using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c,[email protected]
debug2: host key algorithms: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,[email protected]
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug3: kex_choose_conf: will use strict KEX ordering
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ssh-ed25519
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY received
debug1: Server host key: ssh-ed25519 SHA256:ChCUrM9ZYCR057q60M84kB6pAQa9bQ8ZEHVuw8g7/p0
debug3: put_host_port: [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]:5435
debug3: put_host_port: [my_server.com]:5435
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from [my_server.com]:5435
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: Host '[my-server.com]:5435' is known and matches the ED25519 host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug1: ssh_packet_send2_wrapped: resetting send seqnr 3
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: ssh_packet_read_poll2: resetting read seqnr 3
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519 ED25519 SHA256:95gTIyyYHXV+UgGYTJiGgC5ulxp3jQoeHmhohQRbIPI
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,[email protected],ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected]>
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: [email protected]=<0>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive,password
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).

客户端似乎没有向服务器提供任何公钥。Offering public key:...之后应该有Authentications that can continue: publickey

该~/.ssh文件夹似乎具有正确的权限：

user@client:~$ ll .ssh
total 24
drwx------ 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 18:54 ./
drwxr-xr-x 8 user user 4096 Oct 12 12:13 ../
-rw------- 1 user user   96 Sep 14 16:50 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 user user  411 Oct 12 11:42 id_ed25519
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user   96 Oct 12 11:42 id_ed25519.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  142 Oct 12 11:45 known_hosts

另外，我在密钥中启用了 ed25519：

$ ssh -Q key

ssh-ed25519
[email protected]
...

我的公钥在服务器的authorised_keys文件中，我仔细检查了本地文件id_ed25519.pub。它们是相同的。在服务器的日志中，我有：

$ tail -f /var/log/auth.log

Oct 13 19:19:53 my_server sshd[3131]: Connection closed by authenticating user user xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx port 39810 [preauth]

可能是什么问题？我重新安装了 ssh，但没用。我还生成并上传了一个新密钥 - 同样的错误。同样，我可以从至少 2 个其他主机使用同一用户连接到该服务器。

Bryant

Asked: 2024-09-04 07:55:38 +0800 CST

无法从 Ubuntu Server 22.04 升级到 24.04.1

18

我知道发布日期被推迟到 8 月 29 日，但现在是 9 月，我仍然无法升级到 24.04。这是 Ubuntu Server。

$ sudo do-release-upgrade -c
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
There is no development version of an LTS available.
To upgrade to the latest non-LTS development release
set Prompt=normal in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades.

这是 apt 更新/升级后的情况。之后甚至重启了系统，并再次尝试。服务器 LTS 点发布是否延迟（不确定它是否是与桌面版本不同的发布系列）？

Manuel Alejandro Diaz Zapata

Asked: 2024-08-15 23:43:02 +0800 CST

验证垫片 SBAT 数据失败：违反安全策略

29

似乎最近的 Windows 更新使得具有双启动功能的系统无法启动 grub，并显示以下消息：Verifying shim SBAT data failed: Security Policy Violation。

有人知道我该怎么做才能解决这个问题吗？

Arianna

Asked: 2024-06-11 00:04:56 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 终端每行颜色交替

20

我的视力越来越差，而且我的工作要求我使用大量基于终端的程序和基于表格的输出（见下文）。查看单个行并获取所需信息可能非常困难。我正在寻找一种方法，让终端以交替颜色显示背景的每一行 [编辑：]（即默认为紫色），以便更好地引导我的眼睛。有没有办法在 Ubuntu 终端中做到这一点，或者其他提供此选项的终端程序？我真的很难找到任何东西

[编辑：]

@kos 对此的回应与 Xspec 兼容：

在~/.bashrc:

alias colorize="perl -pe '
    if( \$. %2) {
        s/^/\e[38;5;15m/; s/^/\e[48;5;238m/
    }
    else {
        s/^/\e[38;5;0m/; s/^/\e[48;5;249m/
    }

    s/\$/\e[K/;
    s/\$/\e[0m/
'"

用法：

<command> | colorize

但是有一个问题，我看不到我的活动提示符（即“XSPEC12>”）或我在提示符中输入的内容。一旦我按下回车键，它就会显示出来，但我在输入时看不到它

Archisman Panigrahi

Asked: 2024-05-31 19:54:52 +0800 CST

如何使用命令行检查计算机是笔记本电脑还是台式机？

23

我正在编写一个 bash 脚本来设置安装 Ubuntu 后所需的所有软件。如果电脑是笔记本电脑，我想安装tlp进行电源管理。如果是桌面，则不需要tlp。

是否有命令可以确定计算机是台式机还是笔记本电脑/平板电脑？

也许，检测电池的存在是我应该寻找的特征。

jgosar

Asked: 2024-04-05 20:45:24 +0800 CST

自最新更新以来 IntelliJ 崩溃

18

今天早上 IntelliJ 从版本 2023.3 更新到了 2024.1，从那以后它就不再工作了。我使用的是 Ubuntu 22.04。

当我尝试运行它时，它会打开几秒钟，然后除终端之外的所有当前正在运行的应用程序都将关闭。

我在 idea.log 中看不到任何特别有趣的内容：

[removed this very long log from the question because it did not contain anything related to the issue]

我试过：

重新启动计算机
卸载并重新安装 IntelliJ
再次下载并运行 IntelliJ 2023.3
禁用 OOM 杀手：如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 中禁用 systemd OOM 进程杀手？
重命名此处列出的 IntelliJ Configuration/Plugins/System 目录：https://intellij-support.jetbrains.com/hc/en-us/articles/206544519-Directories-used-by-the-IDE-to-store-settings -缓存插件和日志？页=3

唯一有效的方法是以 root 身份而不是我自己运行 IntelliJ，但我不想这样做，除非这是最后的手段。

然后我看了看/var/log/syslog，在那里我发现了这个：

systemd[3656]: Started snap.intellij-idea-ultimate.intellij-idea-ultimate-f57e7f9d-943c-4fd7-a013-2536fe031f75.scope.
gnome-shell[45831]: malloc(): unaligned tcache chunk detected
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE)
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) Backtrace:
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 0: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0x165369) [0x5a56231b5369]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 1: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0x165472) [0x5a56231b5472]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7aa585e00000+0x42520) [0x7aa585e42520]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 3: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (pthread_kill+0x12c) [0x7aa585e969fc]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 4: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (raise+0x16) [0x7aa585e42476]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 5: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (abort+0xd3) [0x7aa585e287f3]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 6: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7aa585e00000+0x89676) [0x7aa585e89676]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 7: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7aa585e00000+0xa0cfc) [0x7aa585ea0cfc]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 8: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7aa585e00000+0xa53dc) [0x7aa585ea53dc]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 9: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0xf9d92) [0x5a5623149d92]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 10: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0xa72ce) [0x5a56230f72ce]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 11: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0x34c63) [0x5a5623084c63]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 12: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x7aa585e00000+0x29d90) [0x7aa585e29d90]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 13: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0x80) [0x7aa585e29e40]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) 14: /usr/bin/Xwayland (0x5a5623050000+0x36495) [0x5a5623086495]
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE)
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE)
gnome-shell[45831]: Fatal server error:
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE) Caught signal 6 (Aborted). Server aborting
gnome-shell[45831]: (EE)
gnome-shell[3923]: Connection to xwayland lost
pulseaudio[3715]: X11 I/O error handler called
google-chrome.desktop[45806]: [45913:45913:0405/133205.156084:ERROR:connection.cc(61)] X connection error received.
pulseaudio[3715]: X11 I/O error exit handler called, preparing to tear down X11 modules
gnome-shell[3923]: X Wayland crashed; attempting to recover
systemd[3656]: Stopped target GNOME session X11 services.
systemd[3656]: Stopping GNOME XSettings service...
systemd[3656]: org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
gnome-shell[3923]: Using public X11 display :0, (using :1 for managed services)
systemd[3656]: org.gnome.SettingsDaemon.XSettings.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
systemd[3656]: Stopped GNOME XSettings service.
systemd[3656]: Stopped target GNOME session X11 services.
systemd[3656]: app-gnome-google\x2dchrome-45799.scope: Consumed 5.204s CPU time.
systemd[3656]: snap.intellij-idea-ultimate.intellij-idea-ultimate-f57e7f9d-943c-4fd7-a013-2536fe031f75.scope: Consumed 26.830s CPU time.

由于堆栈跟踪中提到了 Wayland，我尝试按照此处所述禁用它：https://jumpcloud.com/support/troubleshooting-remote-assist-disable-wayland-or-gpu-rendering-for-linux

这只会让问题变得更糟，因为除了所有应用程序崩溃之外，我现在还必须在崩溃后重新登录 Ubuntu。

新的堆栈跟踪非常相似：

intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:13,248 [   1792]   WARN - #c.i.s.ComponentManagerImpl - com.intellij.platform.ide.menu.GlobalMenuLinux <clinit> requests com.intellij.openapi.application.Experiments instance. Class initialization must not depend on services. Consider using instance of the service on-demand instead.
intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:13,521 [   2065]   WARN - #c.i.e.t.TargetBasedSdks - SDK target configuration data is absent
intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:13,526 [   2070]   WARN - #c.i.e.t.TargetBasedSdks - SDK target configuration data is absent
intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:13,527 [   2071]   WARN - #c.i.e.t.TargetBasedSdks - SDK target configuration data is absent
intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:14,056 [   2600]   WARN - #c.i.u.x.Binding - No accessors for java.awt.Color. This means that state class cannot be serialized properly. Please see https://jb.gg/ij-psoc
intellij-idea-ultimate_intellij-idea-ultimate.desktop[70499]: 2024-04-05 13:59:14,895 [   3439]   WARN - #c.i.s.ComponentManagerImpl - com.github.copilot.platform.state.ToolWindowRegistrationSettings <clinit> requests com.github.copilot.platform.state.ToolWindowRegistrationSettings instance. Class initialization must not depend on services. Consider using instance of the service on-demand in>
systemd[3656]: snap.snapd-desktop-integration.snapd-desktop-integration.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 138.
systemd[3656]: Stopped Service for snap application snapd-desktop-integration.snapd-desktop-integration.
systemd[3656]: Started Service for snap application snapd-desktop-integration.snapd-desktop-integration.
snapd-desktop-i[70805]: Failed to do gtk init. Waiting for a new session with desktop capabilities.
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: malloc(): unaligned tcache chunk detected
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) Backtrace:
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 0: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (OsLookupColor+0x139) [0x5b8231699ab9]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 1: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__sigaction+0x50) [0x7d49e1a42520]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (pthread_kill+0x12c) [0x7d49e1a969fc]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 3: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (raise+0x16) [0x7d49e1a42476]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 4: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (abort+0xd3) [0x7d49e1a287f3]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 5: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__fsetlocking+0x426) [0x7d49e1a89676]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 6: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (timer_settime+0x2cc) [0x7d49e1aa0cfc]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 7: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (malloc+0x33c) [0x7d49e1aa53dc]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 8: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (SetGlyphPicture+0x15d) [0x5b82315f311d]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 9: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (AddTraps+0x347a) [0x5b82315fb8da]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 10: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (SendErrorToClient+0x365) [0x5b8231523635]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 11: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (InitFonts+0x3c4) [0x5b82315276b4]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 12: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_init_first+0x90) [0x7d49e1a29d90]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 13: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0x80) [0x7d49e1a29e40]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) 14: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (_start+0x25) [0x5b8231510605]
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: Fatal server error:
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) Caught signal 6 (Aborted). Server aborting
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: #011 at http://wiki.x.org
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]:  for help.
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) Please also check the log file at "/home/jgosar/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.1.log" for additional information.
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE)
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (II) AIGLX: Suspending AIGLX clients for VT switch
snapd-desktop-i[70805]: Checking session /org/freedesktop/login1/session/_325...
snapd-desktop-i[70805]: Is a desktop session! Forcing a reload.
snapd-desktop-i[70805]: Loop exited. Forcing reload.
/usr/libexec/gdm-x-session[55967]: (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.

/home/jgosar/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.1.log根本不包含任何有用的信息

有人对我还可以尝试什么有任何建议吗？

Oeshen Playz1036

Asked: 2024-03-30 23:53:03 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 22.04.4 终端上的输入延迟

27

我从圣诞节开始就一直在使用 Ubuntu，最近我在使用 Ubuntu 终端时收到了延迟输入。在使用 vim 或 man 命令时尤其会受到影响，这很奇怪，因为我没有其他软件在输入时没有延迟，甚至 UTerm 和 UXTerm 也没有延迟。

我尝试过的：

重新启动电脑
更新驱动程序
更改了键盘输入

系统信息：

操作系统名称：Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS
操作系统类型：64位
侏儒版本：42.9
窗口系统：X11

如果需要任何额外的详细信息，请询问。

lurker

Asked: 2024-01-01 11:30:21 +0800 CST

为什么在克隆硬盘后启动周期的早期会有 20-30 秒的暂停？

29

我看过一些关于这个主题的其他帖子。只有一两个与我的情况非常接近，但没有明确的解决方案。我想具体描述一下我的情况，因为我有一些其他帖子中没有的细节。

我正在运行 Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS。我有一个普通的 SATA HDD 作为我的“系统”驱动器，它有 3 个分区：

/boot- 这是我指定的启动分区
/- 这是我的系统驱动器，还有其他所有东西
swap

我刚刚将 SATA 硬盘克隆到 SATA 硬盘，保持所有分区相同。但 UUID 现在不同了（我更改了它们，因为我希望能够在某个时刻安装两个驱动器）。我/etc/fstab使用新的 UUID 进行了更新，并通过一些研究将/etc/initramfs-tools/conf.d/resume文件更改为不引用旧的交换 UUID。

更换新 SSD 后，它可以正常启动，但在启动过程的早期有 20-30 秒的安静暂停（没有磁盘活动）。以下是它发生的地方的摘录：

[    2.498174] scsi 6:0:0:0: Direct-Access     TEAC     USB   HS-CF Card 4.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[    2.501897] scsi 6:0:0:1: Direct-Access     TEAC     USB   HS-xD/SM   4.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[    2.505707] scsi 6:0:0:2: Direct-Access     TEAC     USB   HS-MS Card 4.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[    2.509122] scsi 6:0:0:3: Direct-Access     TEAC     USB   HS-SD Card 4.08 PQ: 0 ANSI: 0
[    2.509357] sd 6:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0
[    2.509936] sd 6:0:0:1: Attached scsi generic sg4 type 0
[    2.511152] sd 6:0:0:2: Attached scsi generic sg5 type 0
[    2.512435] sd 6:0:0:3: Attached scsi generic sg6 type 0
[    2.514823] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Media removed, stopped polling
[    2.519575] sd 6:0:0:1: [sdd] Media removed, stopped polling
[    2.528168] sd 6:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
[    2.533063] sd 6:0:0:2: [sde] Media removed, stopped polling
[    2.541980] sd 6:0:0:1: [sdd] Attached SCSI removable disk
[    2.550871] sd 6:0:0:2: [sde] Attached SCSI removable disk
[    2.559421] sd 6:0:0:3: [sdf] Media removed, stopped polling
[    2.572356] sd 6:0:0:3: [sdf] Attached SCSI removable disk
[   33.540466] EXT4-fs (sda5): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null). Quota mode: none.
[   33.703038] systemd[1]: Inserted module 'autofs4'
[   33.718092] systemd[1]: systemd 249.11-0ubuntu3.11 running in system mode (+PAM +AUDIT +SELINUX +APPARMOR +IMA +SMACK +SECCOMP +GCRYPT +GNUTLS +OPENSSL +ACL +BLKID +CURL +ELFUTILS +FIDO2 +IDN2 -IDN +IPTC +KMOD +LIBCRYPTSETUP +LIBFDISK +PCRE2 -PWQUALITY -P11KIT -QRENCODE +BZIP2 +LZ4 +XZ +ZLIB +ZSTD -XKBCOMMON +UTMP +SYSVINIT default-hierarchy=unified)
[   33.731050] systemd[1]: Detected architecture x86-64.
[   33.736943] systemd[1]: Hostname set to <musicman>.
[   33.951287] systemd[1]: Queued start job for default target Graphical Interface.
[   33.953273] systemd[1]: Created slice Slice /system/modprobe.

请注意，sdc通过sdf此处显示。我有一个旧的 SD 读卡器，有 4 个插槽连接到我的系统。即使我使用旧硬盘，这种情况也已经存在很长时间了。我的中没有自动安装它们fstab，如下所示：

# <file system>                           <mount point>   <type>  <options>         <dump>  <pass>
# / was on /dev/sda6 during installation
UUID=52de13f0-4bc6-4b65-95b3-ea3144b51cef /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/sda1 during installation
UUID=8c68f915-02a3-417f-8eae-c4f3b135805a /boot           ext2    defaults          0       2
# swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation
UUID=e3355472-3ec2-412c-80fa-42e9af3d900e none            swap    sw                0       0
UUID=d80fae04-3ecd-4e68-87ee-0ea47c89adae /backup         ext4    defaults          1       2

/backup分区位于不同的物理驱动器 ( /dev/sdb) 上，并且在整个迁移过程中不会更改。

如果需要，我可以提供更多日志。但你可以看到很大的时间差距。我确实尝试过systemd-analyze blame，但似乎并没有帮助我找到答案。

然而，我注意到一些非常有趣的事情。如果我将旧硬盘连接到系统，将我的 SSD 作为主启动和系统驱动器，因此即使不将旧硬盘包含在内/etc/fstab或以任何方式安装它，系统将突然完全没有 20-30 秒的暂停正如预期的那样，一切都会在几秒钟内启动。

这20-30秒到底是什么？我做了一些搜索，/etc试图找到引用 UUID 的文本文件，但找不到除该resume文件以外的任何文件。

我的下一个实验是将所有 SSD UUID 设置为与旧 HDD 中的 UUID 相同。这只是一个实验，以确定系统中是否存在一些保留，认为旧的 UUID 仍然适用。但必须对系统的运行情况有一定的了解。

感谢您的任何帮助

Jag Mohan Ray

Asked: 2023-01-23 09:47:18 +0800 CST

运行命令后如何修复 Ubuntu：sudo rm /*

19

当我试图从同一目录中的 SD 卡中删除文件时，我运行了sudo rm /*，但现在 Ubuntu 不工作了。当我重新启动时，出现错误：内核恐慌试图杀死 init。

我是 Linux 新手。我现在应该怎么做？我不想丢失我的数据。

Lexible

Asked: 2022-11-02 09:27:31 +0800 CST

如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 上安装 openssl 3.0.7？[复制]

26

v3.0.x 中有一个严重性最高的安全漏洞，其中 x<7。openssl补丁版本（3.0.7）已于2022 年 11 月 1 日正式下线。

如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 系统上安装/更新 openssl 3.0.7？

更新：该漏洞已从严重降级为高。

ArrayBolt3-LeftSEForCodidact

Asked: 2022-09-24 08:08:46 +0800 CST

什么是分阶段更新，为什么 Ubuntu 使用它们？

21

所以我在使用apt. 经过一番研究，似乎是“分阶段更新”的结果。

到底什么是分阶段更新？
为什么 Ubuntu 使用它们？
他们对我有什么好处？
我可以（并且应该）关闭它们或解决它们吗？
为什么apt关于分阶段更新的消息如此不清楚？

plazmakeks

Asked: 2022-06-30 00:22:11 +0800 CST

Slack 拒绝开始

22

从 30 分钟前开始，slack 拒绝在我的 20.04 盒子上启动。在它停止工作之前我做的最后一件事是将firefox更新到102.0，但我不确定这是否与它有关。

我从他们的网站下载了最近的 slack 4.27.154 deb 包并通过 through 安装它apt install，但它仍然拒绝启动。

这是控制台输出：

> slack 
Initializing local storage instance
[winston] Attempt to write logs with no transports {"error":{},"level":"error","message":"Unable to create logs directory"}
[winston] Attempt to write logs with no transports {"level":"info","message":"\n╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗\n║      Slack 4.27.154, linux 5.15.0-10033-tuxedo on x64      ║\n╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝"}
[winston] Attempt to write logs with no transports {"meta":{"shouldUseNewBackend":false,"loggerInstanceCount":1},"level":"info","message":"Configured logger via"}
[winston] Attempt to write logs with no transports {"meta":{"NODE_ENV":"production","platform":"linux","type":"browser","timeZone":"Europe/Berlin","PACKAGE_MANIFEST.productName":"Slack","PACKAGE_MANIFEST.version":"4.27.154","PACKAGE_MANIFEST.commit":"8956995","PACKAGE_MANIFEST.branch":"HEAD"},"level":"info","message":"Predefined values for process"}
[winston] Attempt to write logs with no transports {"level":"debug","message":"getLogger: Winston backend does not support child logger"}

在尝试获取帮助信息时，我还注意到一个奇怪的错误：

❯ slack --help
A JavaScript error occurred in the main process
Uncaught Exception:
TypeError: b is not a function
    at y (/usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:1:32588)
    at Pt (/usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:1:7238)
    at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:1:5038)
    at Object.D (/usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:1:4765)
    at /usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:32:16305
    at /usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:32:16414
    at /usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:32:16418
    at Object.<anonymous> (/usr/lib/slack/resources/app.asar/dist/boot.bundle.js:32:16440)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1118:14)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1173:10)

任何人都知道问题是什么？我在网上找不到任何关于这些东西的东西。

Costa Michailidis

Asked: 2022-06-07 09:24:50 +0800 CST

Snap Store 的待更新

79

“Snap Store 的待更新”是怎么回事？

Emilio

Asked: 2022-06-04 07:59:09 +0800 CST

如何解决“等待更新“firefox”快照。关闭应用程序以避免中断”错误？

79

最近，打开 Firefox 时出现此警告：

等待更新“firefox”快照

关闭应用程序以避免中断

这是什么意思？我该怎么办？这是一个错误吗？

MDeBusk

Asked: 2022-06-02 19:19:11 +0800 CST

~/.profile 和 ~/.bashrc 中有什么内容？

26

我很难理解属于什么~/.profile和属于什么~/.bashrc。

从我读过的内容来看，在我看来~/.profile应该用于环境变量和~/.bashrc别名、函数等。如果我将我的所有export陈述从~/.bashrc移到~/.profile，一切都会按原样工作，还是我要破坏某些东西？

（如果您想查看这两个文件，这是我的 dotfiles存储库。）

编辑 2022-06-03：我已经将我的大部分环境变量从~/.bashrcto 移到~/.profile并确保自己知道~/.bash_profilesources ~/.profile. 我留下的唯一环境变量~/.bashrc是那些仅在我在 shell 中工作时才重要的环境变量，例如，与 less、提示、slrn 等有关的环境变量。一切似乎都运行良好。谢谢您的帮助。

anon

Asked: 2022-05-16 09:32:01 +0800 CST

windows 病毒会影响我在同一个磁盘上的加密 linux 分区吗？

25

Windows 病毒会影响我在同一个磁盘上的加密 Linux 分区吗？我只想使用 Windows，但我很担心。