我想shuf --zero-terminated
用 here-document 处理多行字符串。
illiterate's questions
Filesystem filter options
-p PSEUDO_DEFINITION
Add pseudo file definition.
-pf PSEUDO_FILE
Add list of pseudo file definitions.
-sort SORT_FILE
sort files according to priorities in SORT_FILE. One file or dir with priority per line. Priority -32768 to 32767, default priority 0.
但是如何写PSEUDO_DEFINITION
,PSEUDO_FILE
和SORT_FILE
?
如果我杀死了 running e4defrag
,是否存在数据丢失/损坏的风险?有没有安全的方法来中断它?
例如:e4defrag
在大分区(如根目录)或大文件(如 squashfs 系统映像文件)上运行非常慢,所以有时e4defrag
需要在完成之前停止/杀死,但我不确定是否杀死它(通过发送SIGINT
, SIGTERM
,SIGKILL
等)e4defrag
是安全的吗?
我正在运行 Debian Stretch,文件系统是 ext4。
我的内核版本:4.14.13
我的e2fsprogs 版本:1.43.4-2
我从不查看或关心其中的文件,/var/log/
并希望避免logrotate
浪费我的系统资源(CPU、RAM、I/O 等)。/var/log/
某些核心 Debian 程序(例如 apt、aptitude 等)是否需要任何常规文件才能正常工作?
如果您删除 /var/log 中的所有内容,您很可能会在很短的时间内收到大量错误消息,因为其中存在预期存在的文件夹(例如 exim4、apache2、apt、cups、mysql、samba和更多)
为什么我可以(或不能)再次挂载已挂载的设备?怎么了?
例如:
/tmp/test$ sudo mount /dev/sda5 ./1;echo ${?}
0
/tmp/test$ sudo mount /dev/sda5 ./2;echo ${?}
0
/tmp/test$ sudo mount | grep test
/dev/sda5 on /tmp/test/1 type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
/dev/sda5 on /tmp/test/2 type ext4 (rw,relatime,data=ordered)
/tmp/test$ sudo umount ./1 ./2;echo ${?}
0
/tmp/test$ sudo losetup
NAME SIZELIMIT OFFSET AUTOCLEAR RO BACK-FILE DIO
/dev/loop0 0 0 0 0 /tmp/test/grub.iso 0
/tmp/test$ sudo mount /dev/loop0 ./1;echo ${?}
mount: /dev/loop0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
0
/tmp/test$ sudo mount /dev/loop0 ./2;echo ${?}
mount: /dev/loop0 is already mounted or /tmp/test/2 busy
/dev/loop0 is already mounted on /tmp/test/1
32
/tmp/test$ sudo mount | grep test
/dev/loop0 on /tmp/test/1 type iso9660 (ro,relatime,nojoliet,check=s,map=n,blocksize=2048)
/tmp/test$
是缺少一些包还是缺少一些其他选项?还是只是 grub-mkresuce 的一个错误?是选项的一些例子--core-compress=
吗?
$ grub-mkrescue --core-compress=xz --compress=xz -o grub.iso ./iso
grub-mkrescue: --core-compress: (PROGRAM ERROR) Option should have been recognized!?
Try 'grub-mkrescue --help' or 'grub-mkrescue --usage' for more information.
哪个程序$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/autostart
在 Debian 9 中运行?
我尝试将以下.desktop
文件放入$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/autostart
:
[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Name=test
Comment=test
NoDisplay=true
Exec=sh -c 'cat /proc/$$/status >~/test_output'
NotShowIn=GNOME;KDE;XFCE;
它的 PPID 为 1 ( systemd
),但我找不到 systemd 如何处理$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/autostart
条目。
Debian Stretch 上通知守护进程的“提供者”字段是什么?
这是否意味着虚拟包?
但是Debian Stretch 上的 notification-daemon似乎不是一个虚拟包,因为它有一个具体的文件列表
$ aptitude show notification-daemon
Package: notification-daemon
Version: 3.20.0-1+b1
State: installed
Automatically installed: yes
Priority: optional
Section: x11
Maintainer: Debian GNOME Maintainers <[email protected]>
Architecture: i386
Uncompressed Size: 398 k
Depends: libatk1.0-0 (>= 1.12.4), libc6 (>= 2.4), libcairo2 (>= 1.10.0), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 (>= 2.22.0), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.37.3), libgtk-3-0 (>= 3.19.12), libpango-1.0-0 (>=
1.14.0), libx11-6
Provided by: cinnamon (3.2.7-4), dunst (1.1.0-2+b1), gnome-flashback (3.22.0-3), gnome-shell (3.22.3-3), lxqt-notificationd (0.11.1-1), mate-notification-daemon (1.16.1-1),
mate-notification-daemon (1.18.1-1~bpo9+1), notify-osd (0.9.35+15.04.20150126-1+b1), plasma-workspace (4:5.8.6-2.1+deb9u1), python-jarabe (0.110.0-3), xfce4-notifyd
(0.3.4-1)
Description: daemon for displaying passive pop-up notifications
notification-daemon displays passive pop-up notifications, as per the Desktop Notifications Specification.
The Desktop Notifications Specification provides a standard way of doing passive pop-up notifications on the Linux desktop. These are designed to notify the user of something
without interrupting their work with a dialog box that they must close. Passive popups can automatically disappear after a short period of time.
Homepage: https://git.gnome.org/browse/notification-daemon/
Tags: implemented-in::c, interface::daemon, interface::graphical, interface::x11, role::program, uitoolkit::gtk, use::monitor, x11::applet, x11::application
-
正则表达式中的[az] 和 [az] 有什么区别?-
[ az]中的第一个减号是什么意思?
从默认/etc/adduser.conf
(例如):
#check user and group names also against this regular expression.`
#NAME_REGEX="^[a-z][-a-z0-9_]*\$"
我在zstd
中找到/drivers/block/zram/zcomp.c
,但在 中找不到任何与 zstd 相关的内容/crypto
。那么用于 zram 的 zstd 在 Linux 4.15 中是否真的可用?