Kajsa's questions

在添加我自己的文件之前，我正在尝试升级基于 Python:3.9 的 docker 映像中的软件包。我尝试apt upgrade -y在具有基本映像的交互式容器中以及作为Dockerfile构建的一部分运行该命令。

python:3.9 映像基于 Debian 11 - Bullseye OS 构建。

在这两种情况下，我都会在 docker 环境中收到以下错误。

$ docker run -it --name python_te
st python:3.9 sh
# apt update
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye InRelease [116 kB]
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security InRelease [44.1 kB]     
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates InRelease [39.4 kB]                    
Get:4 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 Packages [121 kB]
Get:5 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye/main amd64 Packages [8183 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian bullseye-updates/main amd64 Packages [2596 B]
Fetched 8506 kB in 3s (2606 kB/s)                         
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
6 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
# apt upgrade -y
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
  libexpat1 libexpat1-dev libssl-dev libssl1.1 linux-libc-dev openssl
6 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 5919 kB of archives.
After this operation, 24.6 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libssl-dev amd64 1.1.1k-1+
deb11u2 [1810 kB]
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libssl1.1 amd64 1.1.1k-1+d
eb11u2 [1554 kB]
Get:3 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libexpat1-dev amd64 2.2.10
-2+deb11u3 [141 kB]
Get:4 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 libexpat1 amd64 2.2.10-2+d
eb11u3 [98.5 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 linux-libc-dev amd64 5.10.
103-1 [1466 kB]
Get:6 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bullseye-security/main amd64 openssl amd64 1.1.1k-1+deb
11u2 [850 kB]
Fetched 5919 kB in 2s (2652 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
(Reading database ... 23373 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libssl-dev_1.1.1k-1+deb11u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libssl-dev:amd64 (1.1.1k-1+deb11u2) over (1.1.1k-1+deb11u1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libssl1.1_1.1.1k-1+deb11u2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libssl1.1:amd64 (1.1.1k-1+deb11u2) over (1.1.1k-1+deb11u1) ...
Setting up libssl1.1:amd64 (1.1.1k-1+deb11u2) ...
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /u
sr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 78.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
(Reading database ... 23373 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libexpat1-dev_2.2.10-2+deb11u3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libexpat1-dev:amd64 (2.2.10-2+deb11u3) over (2.2.10-2+deb11u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../libexpat1_2.2.10-2+deb11u3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libexpat1:amd64 (2.2.10-2+deb11u3) over (2.2.10-2+deb11u2) ...
Preparing to unpack .../linux-libc-dev_5.10.103-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-libc-dev:amd64 (5.10.103-1) over (5.10.92-1) ...
Killed
      # 

交互式容器然后变得无响应，并且 docker 构建失败并显示附加信息：

...
Unpacking linux-libc-dev:amd64 (5.10.103-1) over (5.10.92-1) ...
Killed
The command '/bin/sh -c apt update && apt upgrade' returned a non-zero code: 137

我尝试将内存限制设置为 16g，因为我看到有人说 137 内存不足，但它仍然失败。

有关如何安装更新的任何建议？

我正在使用 Python 3.7.3 运行 Linux Mint 19.1，并尝试安装 qutip 包。我已经安装了以下内容，因此应该满足依赖项：

NumPy-1.16.4
SciPy-1.3.0
Maplotlib-3.1.0
Cython-0.29.10
GCC-8.0.1

我不确定Python Header依赖关系，但我跑了

sudo apt-get install python3.7-dev

没有错误，因为这是我在谷歌搜索时唯一能找到的东西。当我尝试qutip使用安装时，pip我得到error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'了两次，Failed building wheel for py-postgresql然后Failed to build qubit py-postgresql它说安装成功，请参阅终端的完整打印：

$ python3.7 -m pip install qubit
Collecting qubit
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/7e/fb/b9f75dba12698a1c394d9732d6d05008cc8a4d1d4854fc7201792e908626/qubit-0.0.1.tar.gz
Collecting Flask==0.11.1 (from qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/63/2b/01f5ed23a78391f6e3e73075973da0ecb467c831376a0b09c0ec5afd7977/Flask-0.11.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting py-postgresql==1.1.0 (from qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/4c/cf/43d0287866f30f8b6f10ece19568fcda5477346c0f63bf5e9fb5c5eef121/py-postgresql-1.1.0.zip
Collecting pytest==3.0.3 (from qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a4/e9/bf75a9a91c4a545bad262937d1defa90d95ac912118a706406e21aef889a/pytest-3.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting click>=2.0 (from Flask==0.11.1->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/fa/37/45185cb5abbc30d7257104c434fe0b07e5a195a6847506c074527aa599ec/Click-7.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting Jinja2>=2.4 (from Flask==0.11.1->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/1d/e7/fd8b501e7a6dfe492a433deb7b9d833d39ca74916fa8bc63dd1a4947a671/Jinja2-2.10.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting Werkzeug>=0.7 (from Flask==0.11.1->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/9f/57/92a497e38161ce40606c27a86759c6b92dd34fcdb33f64171ec559257c02/Werkzeug-0.15.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting itsdangerous>=0.21 (from Flask==0.11.1->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/ae/44b03b253d6fade317f32c24d100b3b35c2239807046a4c953c7b89fa49e/itsdangerous-1.1.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting py>=1.4.29 (from pytest==3.0.3->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/76/bc/394ad449851729244a97857ee14d7cba61ddb268dce3db538ba2f2ba1f0f/py-1.8.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23 (from Jinja2>=2.4->Flask==0.11.1->qubit)
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/98/7b/ff284bd8c80654e471b769062a9b43cc5d03e7a615048d96f4619df8d420/MarkupSafe-1.1.1-cp37-cp37m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl
Building wheels for collected packages: qubit, py-postgresql
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for qubit ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-bohuey6f/qubit/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpy8xqxz6ipip-wheel- --python-tag cp37:
  usage: -c [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
     or: -c --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
     or: -c --help-commands
     or: -c cmd --help

  error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for qubit
  Running setup.py clean for qubit
  Running setup.py bdist_wheel for py-postgresql ... error
  Complete output from command /usr/bin/python3.7 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-bohuey6f/py-postgresql/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/tmpl3nlfezopip-wheel- --python-tag cp37:
  usage: -c [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
     or: -c --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
     or: -c --help-commands
     or: -c cmd --help

  error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'

  ----------------------------------------
  Failed building wheel for py-postgresql
  Running setup.py clean for py-postgresql
Failed to build qubit py-postgresql
Installing collected packages: click, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, Werkzeug, itsdangerous, Flask, py-postgresql, py, pytest, qubit
  Running setup.py install for py-postgresql ... done
  Running setup.py install for qubit ... done
Successfully installed Flask-0.11.1 Jinja2-2.10.1 MarkupSafe-1.1.1 Werkzeug-0.15.4 click-7.0 itsdangerous-1.1.0 py-1.8.0 py-postgresql-1.1.0 pytest-3.0.3 qubit-0.0.1
In ~/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages

然后我可以看到两个名为qutipand qutip-4.3.1-py3.7.egg-infoin 的目录，~/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages但如果我运行python3.7并尝试import qutip一个ImportErrorfor 的东西IndexMixin，一个ModuleNotFoundErrorfor apt_pkg，请查看完整的打印输出。

$ python3.7
Python 3.7.3 (default, Apr  3 2019, 19:16:38) 
[GCC 8.0.1 20180414 (experimental) [trunk revision 259383]] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import qutip
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/__init__.py", line 171, in <module>
    from qutip.qobj import *
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/qobj.py", line 60, in <module>
    from qutip.fastsparse import fast_csr_matrix, fast_identity
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/fastsparse.py", line 37, in <module>
    from scipy.sparse.sputils import (upcast, upcast_char, to_native, isdense, isshape,
ImportError: cannot import name 'IndexMixin' from 'scipy.sparse.sputils' (/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/scipy/sparse/sputils.py)
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 63, in apport_excepthook
    from apport.fileutils import likely_packaged, get_recent_crashes
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/__init__.py", line 5, in <module>
    from apport.report import Report
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/report.py", line 30, in <module>
    import apport.fileutils
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/fileutils.py", line 23, in <module>
    from apport.packaging_impl import impl as packaging
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport/packaging_impl.py", line 24, in <module>
    import apt
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apt/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    import apt_pkg
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'apt_pkg'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/__init__.py", line 171, in <module>
    from qutip.qobj import *
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/qobj.py", line 60, in <module>
    from qutip.fastsparse import fast_csr_matrix, fast_identity
  File "/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/qutip/fastsparse.py", line 37, in <module>
    from scipy.sparse.sputils import (upcast, upcast_char, to_native, isdense, isshape,
ImportError: cannot import name 'IndexMixin' from 'scipy.sparse.sputils' (/home/kajsa/.local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/scipy/sparse/sputils.py)
>>> 

有什么想法可能导致这种情况吗？