basil's questions

我正在使用 Ubuntu 18.04，并且正在尝试安装 USB 硬盘驱动器。

fdisk 输出：

Disk /dev/sdb: 465.8 GiB, 500107837440 bytes, 976773120 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x003a4817

Device     Boot Start       End   Sectors   Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1  *     2048 976773119 976771072 465.8G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT

我已经安装exfat-fuse和exfat-utils. 当我尝试挂载时，我收到以下消息：

 $ sudo mount /dev/sdb /media/usb-drive
   mount: /media/usb-drive: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb, missing codepage or helper program, or other error.

如果我特别指定 exfat

 $ sudo mount /dev/sdb /media/usb-drive -t exfat
   FUSE exfat 1.2.8
   ERROR: exFAT file system is not found.

文件系统不是exFAT吗？

此外，当我尝试在 gparted 中查看它时：

我不确定发生了什么。任何帮助，将不胜感激。

似乎我在某个地方搞砸了，现在我无法再安装任何东西，而不会出现以下消息：

 The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  kde-telepathy-minimal : Depends: kde-config-telepathy-accounts (>=15.04.0) 
  but it is not going to be installed
 E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

然后我按照说明进行操作，并遇到以下情况：

 $ sudo apt-get -f install
 Reading package lists... Done
 Building dependency tree       
 Reading state information... Done
 Correcting dependencies... Done
 The following additional packages will be installed:
   kde-config-telepathy-accounts
 The following NEW packages will be installed:
   kde-config-telepathy-accounts
 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 79 not upgraded.
 695 not fully installed or removed.
 Need to get 0 B/137 kB of archives.
 After this operation, 825 kB of additional disk space will be used.
 Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
 (Reading database ... 271701 files and directories currently installed.)
 Preparing to unpack .../kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
 Unpacking kde-config-telepathy-accounts (4:15.12.3-0ubuntu1) ...
 dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
  trying to overwrite '/usr/share/accounts/services/google-im.service', which is also in package account-plugin-google 0.12+16.04.20160126-0ubuntu1
 Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu3) ...
 Errors were encountered while processing:
  /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我该如何解决？

编辑 1，评论 1 的输出：

 $ sudo apt-get -s -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes install kde-telepathy-minimal 
 Reading package lists... Done
 Building dependency tree       
 Reading state information... Done
 kde-telepathy-minimal is already the newest version (15.04.20ubuntu1).
 kde-telepathy-minimal set to manually installed.
 You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
 The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  kde-telepathy-minimal : Depends: kde-config-telepathy-accounts (>= 15.04.0) but it is not going to be installed
 E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

编辑2：

 $ sudo dpkg -Pa
 $ sudo apt-get update
 Hit:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease
 Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [94.5 kB]   
 Hit:3 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76-dev/stable/ubuntu xenial InRelease     
 Hit:4 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease                     
 Hit:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease           
 Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [213 kB]
 Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [94.5 kB]    
 Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main i386 Packages [209 kB]
 Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [97.1 kB]
 Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe i386 Packages [94.3 kB]
 Fetched 802 kB in 3s (230 kB/s)                        
 Reading package lists... Done
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Translations (partner/i18n/Translation-en_US) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Translations (partner/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target DEP-11 (partner/dep11/Components-amd64.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target DEP-11-icons (partner/dep11/icons-64x64.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-amd64/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-i386/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Packages (partner/binary-all/Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Translations (partner/i18n/Translation-en_US) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target Translations (partner/i18n/Translation-en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target DEP-11 (partner/dep11/Components-amd64.yml) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4
 W: Target DEP-11-icons (partner/dep11/icons-64x64.tar) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:45 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/xenial-partner.list:4

编辑 3：Motte001 的解决方案解决了问题

我已经检查了这里的其他问题（例如GeForce GTX 660 的 Nvidia 驱动程序），但没有提供任何帮助。通常，我下载并安装了 nvidia-current，但每当我重新启动时，x 都不会出现，我会被发送到纯文本登录。手动启动 X 也不起作用。唯一要做的就是清除所有 nvidia 内容。有什么想法/帮助吗？