我正在使用安装了 Firefox 的 Xubuntu 22.04。
当我将文件上传到站点时，浏览器不记得最后的上传路径。当我需要上传很多文件时，我每次都要经过路径。
文件选择器每次都会打开显示“最近的文件”。
如果我想附加很多文件，这很不方便。我每次都必须浏览到目录。
有什么设置可以解决吗？
我有一台装有 Xubuntu 20.04 的华硕笔记本电脑。我正在使用蓝牙鼠标。
当笔记本电脑连接到交流电源时，它会被鼠标唤醒。
这是一个问题，因为您始终可以移动鼠标并打开笔记本电脑的电源。然后，如果您拔下电源并继续前进，则电池电量耗尽。
有没有办法通过蓝牙禁用唤醒？
我在 Ryzen 3 CPU 上将 Xubuntu 20.04 安装到华硕 X412DA 笔记本电脑上。
我已经正确设置了休眠模式，它确实可以工作，但它并没有关闭笔记本电脑的电源。
如果我从 CLI 或菜单开始休眠，屏幕会熄灭，但笔记本电脑会保持供电。
如果我按住电源按钮并强制关闭电源，一切都很好。当我再次打开它时，它会从休眠中恢复。
如何调试和解决此问题？
我正在使用带有 5.3 内核和btrfs文件系统的 Xubuntu 18.04。
最近我开始收到这样的崩溃报告：
ProblemType: KernelOops
Annotation: Your system might become unstable now and might need to be restarted.
Date: Tue Jun 16 10:28:42 2020
Failure: oops
OopsText:
BUG: Bad page state in process Web Content pfn:2269a4
page:ffffe6d7c89a6900 refcount:-1 mapcount:-1 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x1
flags: 0x17ffffc000000a(referenced|dirty)
raw: 0017ffffc000000a dead000000000100 dead000000000122 0000000000000000
raw: 0000000000000001 0000000000000000 fffffffffffffffe 0000000000000000
page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP flag set
bad because of flags: 0xa(referenced|dirty)
Modules linked in: vboxnetadp(OE) vboxnetflt(OE) vboxdrv(OE) snd_hda_codec_hdmi nvidia_uvm(POE) edac_mce_amd snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_codec_generic nvidia_drm(POE) ledtrig_audio ath5k nvidia_modeset(POE) kvm_amd ath ccp snd_hda_intel kvm nvidia(POE) snd_intel_dspcfg mac80211 snd_hda_codec irqbypass snd_hda_core usblp snd_hwdep input_leds snd_pcm cfg80211 serio_raw wmi_bmof snd_seq_midi libarc4 k10temp snd_seq_midi_event snd_rawmidi drm_kms_helper drm snd_seq ipmi_devintf ipmi_msghandler snd_seq_device fb_sys_fops snd_timer syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt asus_atk0110 snd sch_fq_codel mac_hid soundcore hwmon_vid parport_pc ppdev lp parport ip_tables x_tables autofs4 btrfs xor zstd_compress raid6_pq libcrc32c hid_generic usbhid hid uas usb_storage pata_acpi pata_atiixp i2c_piix4 ahci r8169 libahci realtek wmi
CPU: 3 PID: 3049 Comm: Web Content Tainted: P B OE 5.3.0-59-generic #53~18.04.1-Ubuntu
Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/M5A78L LE, BIOS 2101 04/02/2015
Call Trace:
Package: linux-image-5.3.0-59-generic 5.3.0-59.53~18.04.1
SourcePackage: linux
Tags: kernel-oops
Uname: Linux 5.3.0-59-generic x86_64
可能是什么原因？
在安装 Ubuntu 20.04 之前，我从未见过这种情况。
lscpu输出现在显示了某些 CPU 上的一些漏洞。
例如：
Vulnerability Itlb multihit: KVM: Mitigation: Split huge pages
Vulnerability L1tf: Mitigation; PTE Inversion; VMX conditional cache flushes, SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Mds: Mitigation; Clear CPU buffers; SMT vulnerable
Vulnerability Meltdown: Mitigation; PTI
Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp
Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Full generic retpoline, IBPB conditional, IBRS_FW, STIBP conditional, RSB filling
Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected
这到底是什么意思？内核真的缓解了这些漏洞吗？我在哪里可以找到有关它的更多信息？
看起来Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2328M CPU @ 2.20GHz这是第一个在没有随机冻结的情况下运行良好的内核。
我最近将 VirtualBox 升级到了 6.1 版。
我有几个 Ubuntu 虚拟机。主机是 Ubuntu 18.04，带有 btrfs 文件系统，在存储机器的目录上禁用了 COW。该目录存储在 HDD 上。
自从升级到 VB 6.1apt upgrade开始工作非常缓慢。尤其是拆包linux-headers。拆包可能需要 20-30 分钟，并且 HDD 工作时发出奇怪的声音。
我的硬盘是快要死了，还是btrfs不适合这个目的？
我使用的是 Xubuntu 18.04。有一个烦人的问题。
当我打开或保存文件时，在该对话框中排序很奇怪：无论文件还是目录，它都是按名称排序的。目录没有首先列出。
有可能以某种方式改变它吗？
现代 Ubuntu 版本默认使用交换文件而不是交换分区。
在 5.0 Linux 内核之前，无法在btrfs分区上放置交换文件，btrfs文件系统可能会损坏。
现在内核支持 btrfs 分区上的交换文件。我可以在安装的 Ubuntu 上使用交换文件btrfs吗？可能存在哪些问题？
我在跑步
apt-get source linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic
并得到
Picking 'linux-signed-hwe' as source package instead of 'linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic'
而且我没有得到真正的源代码。为什么会发生这种情况，我如何获得真正的来源？
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ apt-cache showsrc linux-signed-hwe
Package: linux-signed-hwe
Format: 3.0 (native)
Binary: linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic, linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency, kernel-signed-image-4.15.0-60-generic-di, linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic-dbgsym, linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency-dbgsym
Architecture: amd64 ppc64el
Version: 4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1
Priority: optional
Section: utils
Maintainer: Canonical Kernel Team <[email protected]>
Standards-Version: 3.9.4
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 9), lsb-release, python3, python3-apt, sbsigntool [amd64], linux-headers-4.15.0-60-generic (>= 4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1)
Directory: pool/main/l/linux-signed-hwe
Package-List:
kernel-signed-image-4.15.0-60-generic-di udeb debian-installer extra arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic deb kernel optional arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic-dbgsym deb devel optional arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency deb kernel optional arch=amd64
linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency-dbgsym deb devel optional arch=amd64
Files:
d17babc710762248deb90096e5ac6ce8 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
21c183f3c7033bc442f3153cb5b15161 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
Checksums-Sha1:
84f7c9f9de4635d50dd9f18e4bcfd269169b6eaf 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
1bde8d27dedba104b8d9c193e39b3fb642d62004 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
Checksums-Sha256:
61bb3466b3d4f9fbab4894997ee539a0ccfe3ff0990478b1825a17a59851eabb 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
5ea5107afd5ae63430a5211c666362293d32ae75a5840cfb0e5549e5ce0326ad 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ apt-cache showsrc linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic
Package: linux-signed-hwe
Format: 3.0 (native)
Binary: linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic, linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency, kernel-signed-image-4.15.0-60-generic-di, linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic-dbgsym, linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency-dbgsym
Architecture: amd64 ppc64el
Version: 4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1
Priority: optional
Section: utils
Maintainer: Canonical Kernel Team <[email protected]>
Standards-Version: 3.9.4
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 9), lsb-release, python3, python3-apt, sbsigntool [amd64], linux-headers-4.15.0-60-generic (>= 4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1)
Directory: pool/main/l/linux-signed-hwe
Package-List:
kernel-signed-image-4.15.0-60-generic-di udeb debian-installer extra arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic deb kernel optional arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-generic-dbgsym deb devel optional arch=amd64,ppc64el
linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency deb kernel optional arch=amd64
linux-image-4.15.0-60-lowlatency-dbgsym deb devel optional arch=amd64
Files:
d17babc710762248deb90096e5ac6ce8 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
21c183f3c7033bc442f3153cb5b15161 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
Checksums-Sha1:
84f7c9f9de4635d50dd9f18e4bcfd269169b6eaf 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
1bde8d27dedba104b8d9c193e39b3fb642d62004 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
Checksums-Sha256:
61bb3466b3d4f9fbab4894997ee539a0ccfe3ff0990478b1825a17a59851eabb 1829 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.dsc
5ea5107afd5ae63430a5211c666362293d32ae75a5840cfb0e5549e5ce0326ad 10728 linux-signed-hwe_4.15.0-60.67~16.04.1.tar.xz
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ grep deb /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
deb-src http://ru.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
我/boot在带有 btrfs 分区 (subvol=@) 的 UEFI 系统上安装了 Ubuntu 18.04。
由于 Ubuntu 最近的变化，我总是得到 grub 超时 30 秒。/boot如果在 btrfs 分区上，这是设计使然。
部分/grub.cfg
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
# GRUB lacks write support for btrfs, so recordfail support is disabled.
}
...
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=30
我认为如果我创建一个单独的 ext2/boot分区，问题就会得到解决。
问题是如果上述假设是正确的，我如何boot从 btrfs subvol 移动到 ext2 分区？
Bash 没有 goto 运算符。我有一个简单的任务，如果没有 goto 或添加新的 proc，我无法弄清楚如何解决它，这是不可取的。
我有两个条件和一个应该以这种方式工作的代码块：
[条件1]如果为真，运行一些命令并检查[条件2]；如果为假，则执行一段代码。
[条件 2] 如果为真，则不执行相同的代码块；如果为假，则执行相同的块。
它是可解决的，还是我必须定义一些 proc 并exit在那里使用？我使用了一个标志变量，但我不喜欢它。
如果 goto 可用，它看起来是这样的：
[ cond 1 ] || goto label 1
command
...
command
[ cond 2 ] && goto label 2
:label 1
block of code
:label 2
类似的东西。
我不是 bash 专家，我在过滤出正确的子字符串时遇到了麻烦。
我有
echo "AT^SYSCFGEX=\\\"0201\\\",3fffffff,2,4,7fffffffffffffff,,"
结果为
AT^SYSCFGEX=\"0201\",3fffffff,2,4,7fffffffffffffff,,
我怎样才能得到0201结果？我正在为此苦苦挣扎。
Ubuntu 18.04 安装介质在目录中包含dkms及其依赖项。pool但apt不将 USB 闪存识别为包源。
如何告诉apt从连接到 USB 端口的安装媒体中提取具有依赖关系的软件包，而无需将文件复制到cache或手动安装它们dpkg？
RTL8723DE 的无线驱动程序可供下载，该模块现在可用于 Wi-Fi。
请参阅Realtek Semiconductor RTL8723DE 设备 d723 问题
但它的蓝牙部分在 Ubuntu 上尚不支持。如何解决这个问题？
lsusb节目
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:b009 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
和usb-devices | awk '/0bda/' RS=
T: Bus=01 Lev=02 Prnt=02 Port=03 Cnt=01 Dev#= 3 Spd=12 MxCh= 0
D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=e0(wlcon) Sub=01 Prot=01 MxPS=64 #Cfgs= 1
P: Vendor=0bda ProdID=b009 Rev=02.00
S: Manufacturer=Realtek
S: Product=802.11n WLAN Adapter
S: SerialNumber=00e04c000001
C: #Ifs= 2 Cfg#= 1 Atr=e0 MxPwr=500mA
I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 3 Cls=e0(wlcon) Sub=01 Prot=01 Driver=btusb
I: If#= 1 Alt= 0 #EPs= 2 Cls=e0(wlcon) Sub=01 Prot=01 Driver=btusb
当我运行ubuntu-bug或列出所有设备apport-collect的udevdb.txt文件被上传到 Launchpad 时。
如何在不使用 Launchpad 的情况下获取此文件？
Mozilla 宣布自发布版本 52 起不再支持 NPAPI。这意味着 Java 也将不受支持。
基于 Chromium 的浏览器已经有一段时间不支持 java。
在 java.com，他们建议使用 Internet Explorer 或 Safari。
我正在使用 Java 应用程序签署银行文件。有没有办法在 Ubuntu 中使用 Java？
我需要一个可以使用 SCP 管理运行 Linux 的远程设备上的文件的程序。远程设备运行 OpenWrt。在 Windows 上有一个完美的 WinSCP。奇怪的是没有可以使用的本机程序。
该程序应该能够：
- 列出文件
- 复制和移动文件到/从设备和设备内。
- 删除设备上的文件
- 查看和编辑文件
- 更改文件权限
除了使用 CLI 和使用 wine 安装 WinSCP 之外，我只找到了一种替代方法。
是午夜指挥官fish。效果真的很差。问题是：
~它在远程设备和计算机上混合在一起。- 它不能编辑文件。我可以打开和编辑，但它们被保存到错误的位置。
还有很多其他烦人的问题使它几乎无法使用。我放弃了使用mc，现在我在远程设备上使用纯 shell。
请不要告诉我 Nautilus 等支持这些功能。他们没有！！！
Linux 本机文件管理器需要远程设备上不可用的 SFTP。
也许有可能让鹦鹉螺使用SCP，但我没有找到不改变来源的方法。
这不是重复的！
我有一个重复问题未涵盖的特定要求。
如果在 Ubuntu 上不可能，那么这可能是一个答案。
我有一个奇怪的问题的 16.04 安装
sudo apt autoremove
删除除当前和以前的旧内核，但不删除旧标头。
在其他 16.04 安装中，它会同时删除两者。
我怎样才能找出问题所在？
我花了很多时间学习内核自动删除的工作原理，但没有发现工作机器和非工作机器之间有任何区别。
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ cat /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels
// DO NOT EDIT! File autogenerated by /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal
APT::NeverAutoRemove
{
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-headers-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-image-extra-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-signed-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^kfreebsd-headers-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^gnumach-image-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^.*-modules-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^.*-kernel-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-backports-modules-.*-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-38-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-42-generic$";
"^linux-tools-4\.4\.0-43-generic$";
};
/* Debug information:
# dpkg list:
rc linux-image-3.11.0-17-generic 3.11.0-17.31 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.11.0-18-generic 3.11.0-18.32 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.11.0-19-generic 3.11.0-19.33 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-27-generic 3.13.0-27.50 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-29-generic 3.13.0-29.53 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-33-generic 3.13.0-33.58 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-35-generic 3.13.0-35.62 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-36-generic 3.13.0-36.63 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-25-generic 3.16.0-25.33~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-28-generic 3.16.0-28.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-29-generic 3.16.0-29.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.16.0-40-generic 3.16.0-40.54~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-21-generic 3.19.0-21.21~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-22-generic 3.19.0-22.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-23-generic 3.19.0-23.24~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-25-generic 3.19.0-25.26~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-26-generic 3.19.0-26.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-28-generic 3.19.0-28.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-30-generic 3.19.0-30.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-31-generic 3.19.0-31.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-32-generic 3.19.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-3.19.0-33-generic 3.19.0-33.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-18-generic 4.2.0-18.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-19-generic 4.2.0-19.23~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-21-generic 4.2.0-21.25~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-22-generic 4.2.0-22.27~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-23-generic 4.2.0-23.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-25-generic 4.2.0-25.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-27-generic 4.2.0-27.32~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-30-generic 4.2.0-30.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-32-generic 4.2.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.2.0-34-generic 4.2.0-34.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-10-generic 4.4.0-10.25 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-11-generic 4.4.0-11.26 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-12-generic 4.4.0-12.28 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-13-generic 4.4.0-13.29~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-14-generic 4.4.0-14.30~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-15-generic 4.4.0-15.31~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-18-generic 4.4.0-18.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic 4.4.0-22.40 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-24-generic 4.4.0-24.43 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-31-generic 4.4.0-31.50 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-34-generic 4.4.0-34.53 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-4.4.0-36-generic 4.4.0-36.55 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63 amd64 Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-17-generic 3.11.0-17.31 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-18-generic 3.11.0-18.32 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.11.0-19-generic 3.11.0-19.33 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.11.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-24-generic 3.13.0-24.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-27-generic 3.13.0-27.50 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-29-generic 3.13.0-29.53 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-30-generic 3.13.0-30.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-32-generic 3.13.0-32.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-33-generic 3.13.0-33.58 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-34-generic 3.13.0-34.60 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-35-generic 3.13.0-35.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-36-generic 3.13.0-36.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-39-generic 3.13.0-39.66 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.13.0-40-generic 3.13.0-40.69 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-25-generic 3.16.0-25.33~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-28-generic 3.16.0-28.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-29-generic 3.16.0-29.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-30-generic 3.16.0-30.40~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-33-generic 3.16.0-33.44~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-34-generic 3.16.0-34.47~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-36-generic 3.16.0-36.48~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-37-generic 3.16.0-37.51~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-38-generic 3.16.0-38.52~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-39-generic 3.16.0-39.53~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.16.0-40-generic 3.16.0-40.54~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.16.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-21-generic 3.19.0-21.21~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-22-generic 3.19.0-22.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-23-generic 3.19.0-23.24~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-25-generic 3.19.0-25.26~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-26-generic 3.19.0-26.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-28-generic 3.19.0-28.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-30-generic 3.19.0-30.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-31-generic 3.19.0-31.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-32-generic 3.19.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-3.19.0-33-generic 3.19.0-33.38~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 3.19.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-18-generic 4.2.0-18.22~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-19-generic 4.2.0-19.23~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-21-generic 4.2.0-21.25~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-22-generic 4.2.0-22.27~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-23-generic 4.2.0-23.28~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-25-generic 4.2.0-25.30~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-27-generic 4.2.0-27.32~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-30-generic 4.2.0-30.36~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-32-generic 4.2.0-32.37~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.2.0-34-generic 4.2.0-34.39~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-10-generic 4.4.0-10.25 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-11-generic 4.4.0-11.26 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-12-generic 4.4.0-12.28 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-13-generic 4.4.0-13.29~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-14-generic 4.4.0-14.30~14.04.2 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-15-generic 4.4.0-15.31~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-18-generic 4.4.0-18.34~14.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-21-generic 4.4.0-21.37 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic 4.4.0-22.40 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-24-generic 4.4.0-24.43 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-28-generic 4.4.0-28.47 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-31-generic 4.4.0-31.50 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-34-generic 4.4.0-34.53 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-image-extra-4.4.0-36-generic 4.4.0-36.55 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rH linux-image-extra-4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-extra-4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-image-generic 4.4.0.43.45 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
# list of installed kernel packages:
4.4.0-38-generic 4.4.0-38.57
4.4.0-42-generic 4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-43-generic 4.4.0-43.63
# list of different kernel versions:
4.4.0-43.63
4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-38.57
# Installing kernel: 4.4.0-38.57 (4.4.0-38-generic)
# Running kernel: 4.4.0-43.63 (4.4.0-43-generic)
# Last kernel: 4.4.0-43.63
# Previous kernel: 4.4.0-42.62
# Kernel versions list to keep:
4.4.0-38.57
4.4.0-42.62
4.4.0-43.63
# Kernel packages (version part) to protect:
4\.4\.0-38-generic
4\.4\.0-42-generic
4\.4\.0-43-generic
*/
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ aptitude search '^linux* ?installed'
i A linux-base - Linux image base package
i linux-firmware - Firmware for Linux kernel drivers
i linux-generic - Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-34 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-34-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-36 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-36-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-38 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-38-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-42 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-42-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-43 - Header files related to Linux kernel versi
i A linux-headers-4.4.0-43-generic - Linux kernel headers for version 4.4.0 on
i A linux-headers-generic - Generic Linux kernel headers
i A linux-image-4.4.0-42-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64
i A linux-image-4.4.0-43-generic - Linux kernel image for version 4.4.0 on 64
i A linux-image-extra-4.4.0-42-gene - Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4
i A linux-image-extra-4.4.0-43-gene - Linux kernel extra modules for version 4.4
i A linux-image-generic - Generic Linux kernel image
i linux-libc-dev - Linux Kernel Headers for development
i linux-sound-base - base package for ALSA and OSS sound system
pilot6@Pilot6:~$ sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
在上一次运行后，除 4.4.0-42 和 43 之外的apt autoremove所有linux-image包都已删除，但标题仍保留。
这是受影响安装中的 debug-autoremove.txt。
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/89297281/debug-autoremove.txt
这是来自未受影响机器的同一命令的输出。
https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/89297281/debug-autoremove-good.txt
这是第一个使用 sudo 的。