我的 DUAL-BOOT 桌面上有 Ubuntu 19.04,但它卡在“紫色”屏幕中。因此,我决定在不丢失旧数据的情况下安装更新版本的 Ubuntu。当我尝试安装新版本时,我收到此通知
如果我选择第一个选项,它会保留我的数据吗?并且对我的 Windows 10 有任何影响吗?
它会安装在 Ubuntu 分区上还是安装在 Windows 分区上?
我的 ThinkPad Yoga X1 上的声音不久前还可以工作。我不确定发生了什么变化,但现在它不再起作用了。它仍然可以在 ubuntu 18.04 的并行安装上继续工作一段时间(是的,我安装了两次相同的发行版)。它仍然适用于 Windows 10 的并行安装。
当我按下键盘上的音量按钮时,它会改变“虚拟输出”设备的音量。
lspci
列出音频设备:
$ lspci | grep -A8 Audio
00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation Device 9dc8 (rev 11)
00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Device 9da3 (rev 11)
00:1f.5 Serial bus controller [0c80]: Intel Corporation Device 9da4 (rev 11)
00:1f.6 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation Ethernet Connection (6) I219-LM (rev 11)
03:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Micron/Crucial Technology Device 2263 (rev 03)
05:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
06:00.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
06:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
06:02.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation JHL6540 Thunderbolt 3 Bridge (C step) [Alpine Ridge 4C 2016] (rev 02)
但是aplay没有找到
sudo aplay -l
[sudo] password for generic:
aplay: device_list:270: no soundcards found...
$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <auto_null>
driver: <module-null-sink.c>
flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 1000
volume: front-left: 46332 / 71% / -9.04 dB, front-right: 46332 / 71% / -9.04 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0.00 ms
max request: 344 KiB
max rewind: 344 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 2000.00 ms
module: 14
properties:
device.description = "Dummy Output"
device.class = "abstract"
device.icon_name = "audio-card"
我在 root 上运行带有 ZFS 的 ubuntu 18.04。这意味着我可以尝试一个解决方案并在它不起作用时回滚。这意味着我尝试了几种解决方案。
没有帮助的相关链接:
我尝试了什么:
sudo apt-get --purge remove linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils && reboot
sudo apt-get install build-essential linux-headers-
unname -ralsa-base alsa-firmware-loaders alsa-oss alsa-source alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui alsa-utils alsamixergui
将用户添加generic
到组audio
以上三者结合
上述的变体
linuxupprising 帖子中的两个修复程序
modprobe snd_hda_intel && modprobe sof_pci_dev
添加snd_hda_intel.dmic_detect=0
到 GRUB 引导参数
按照此处ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
的建议安装软件包集合
使用 dkms 重新安装 alsa 相关的软件包。看这里
重新安装pavucontrol
并pulseaudio
按照此QA
我的系统是
$ uname -r
5.3.0-51-generic
可能不相关,可能相关:
我的屏幕亮度控件也消失了。它们之前曾被破坏过一次,我通过添加并更新 grub 并重新启动acpi_backlight=video
来修复它。但是该修复程序仍然存在,并且仍然再次被破坏。GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT
/etc/default/grub
我怎样才能让声音再次正常工作?
当我启动 ubuntu 18.04 的 live 棒时,声音确实再次起作用。
# live system version:
$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu 5.3.0-28-generic #30-18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jan 17 06:14:09 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
# aplay output on live system:
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: ALC285 Analog [ALC285 Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
(在非实时系统上)/var/log/apt/term.log
和/var/log/apt/history.log
和用 ./var/log/dpkg.log
查看时都是空的sudo vim <filepath>
。但是有一个history.log.1.gz
包含所有历史记录的文件。我正在审查它,但我不知道要注意什么。
我已经启动了我目前在笔记本电脑上的最旧的 zfs 快照(不是非常老,因为当时我遇到了 zfs 的并发症)并且声音在那里也不起作用。5.3.0-28
当我使用与 live USB 记忆棒相同的旧内核版本启动时,它也不起作用。
git diff --no-index apt_live.txt apt_tank.txt
文件包含各自输出的地方apt list --installed
给了我太多的输出。许多版本号已更改。
根据消息来源,我已经添加了标签19.04并20.04回想起来,因为修复也适用于这些标签。
Ubuntu 19.04
这已经发生了一段时间。每当我运行 apt-get update 或 install 时,什么都不会起作用。
sudo apt-get update
Err:1 http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease
Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Err:2 http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease
Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Err:3 http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease
Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
Hit:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:5 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease
Hit:6 https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu disco InRelease
Hit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu disco InRelease
Hit:8 http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
W: Failed to fetch http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/disco/InRelease Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/disco-updates/InRelease Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
W: Failed to fetch http://ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/disco-backports/InRelease Could not resolve 'ca.old-releases.ubuntu.com'
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
我一直在努力寻找答案,但没有任何效果。我相信我需要更新 Ubuntu,但是每当我尝试更新软件中心之类的东西时,它都找不到任何东西。
当我尝试打开软件更新程序时,它只是说它无法下载存储库信息。
我可以更新我的发行版,但我不知道该怎么做。我有备份所以这不是太担心。
自从我得到 ubuntu 后,我就知道我收到了关于找不到包的通知。但是我一直在尝试设置 glfw 并且在 ubuntu 包上精确命中的包出现为未找到。
这里需要做什么?谢谢你。
Openvpn 在 NetworkManager 下运行良好。我需要做什么才能从命令行运行它?我使用 OTP 密码。
我正在尝试从 EOL 的 19.04 升级到 19.10。
# apt update
4 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
apt list --upgradable
libgl1-mesa-dri/bionic-security 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2 amd64 [upgradable from: 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1]
libgl1-mesa-dri/bionic-security 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2 i386 [upgradable from: 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1]
libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18/bionic-security 2.26.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.26.2-0ubuntu0.19.04.1]
libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37/bionic-security 2.26.4-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.26.2-0ubuntu0.19.04.1]
apt -f upgrade
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
apt dist-upgrade
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
apt install libgl1-mesa-dri
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libgl1-mesa-dri : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.0.0) but it is not installable
Breaks: libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 (!= 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2) but 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1 is to be installed
libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 : Breaks: libgl1-mesa-dri (!= 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1) but 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2 is to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
那么我该怎么做,sudo do-release-upgrade
因为这抱怨我需要安装更新
我尝试将我的 dist 从 Ubuntu 19.04 升级到 19.10。原来,我有一些软件包要升级:
libgl1-mesa-dri/bionic-security 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2 amd64 [upgradable from: 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1]
libgl1-mesa-dri/bionic-security 19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.2 i386 [upgradable from: 19.0.8-0ubuntu0~19.04.1]
dist-upgrade
没有升级它们,所以我尝试手动进行,这发生了:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libgl1-mesa-dri : Depends: libsensors4 (>= 1:3.0.0) but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
试图手动安装它,但它抛出了这个:
marek@marek-GA-990XA-UD3:~$ sudo apt install libsensors4
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libsensors4 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
is only available from another source
However the following packages replace it:
libsensors4:i386 libsensors-config
E: Package 'libsensors4' has no installation candidate
更新信息:
grep "bionic" /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*
/etc/apt/sources.list:# deb-src [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic stable
/etc/apt/sources.list:deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-6.x.list:# deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/6.x/apt stable main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-6.x.list.distUpgrade:# deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/6.x/apt stable main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/elastic-6.x.list.save:# deb https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/6.x/apt stable main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/heroku.list:# deb https://cli-assets.heroku.com/apt ./ # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/heroku.list.distUpgrade:# deb https://cli-assets.heroku.com/apt ./ # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/heroku.list.save:# deb https://cli-assets.heroku.com/apt ./ # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do bionic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list:# deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do cosmic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list.distUpgrade:# deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do cosmic
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list.save:# deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ bionic-pgdg main # wyłączony podczas aktualizacji do cosmic
另外,我找到了这个答案: Cannot upgrade 19.04 to 19.10 because of hold back packages: libsnmp30 并添加了这个 ppa 存储库:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers
它有点工作,即我能够升级所有软件包等。所以我现在的问题是:我应该在尝试实际升级我的系统之前清理这个烂摊子吗?
我在戴尔 XPS 13 (9360) 上使用 Ubuntu 19.04,并且 Ubuntu 引导在以下步骤中被卡住:
A start job is running for /dev/mapper/cryptswap1
在摆脱它之前,我必须重新启动 1 或 2 次。但它在接下来的引导中不断发生。
这个问题大概是在将 linux 内核从 5.0.0-16 更新到 5.0.0-17 之后开始的。所以我认为它可能是链接的,所以我尝试使用以前的内核版本(5.0.0.0-* 甚至 4.15)重新启动,但我仍然遇到同样的问题。
自第一次安装(2 年前)以来,fstab 和 crypttab 都未修改:/etc/fstab
UUID=e15636da-994d-47db-a074-cfccedf6a740 / ext4 noatime,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/nvme0n1p1 during installation
UUID=222E-0C93 /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
# swap was on /dev/nvme0n1p4 during installation
#UUID=10aaab21-f2ae-4e25-8f0b-55f444620108 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mapper/cryptswap1 none swap sw 0 0
/etc/crypttab
cryptswap1 UUID=10aaab21-f2ae-4e25-8f0b-55f444620108 /dev/urandom swap,offset=1024,cipher=aes-xts-plain64
我没主意了。有什么想法吗?
每当我右键单击 Google Chrome 的顶部栏时,我都会得到一个上下文菜单,这在其他窗口(例如 nautilus)中是不一样的。
例如,在 nautilus 的上下文菜单中有一个stick the window to the visible workspace
.
如何在 Google Chrome 中获取该上下文菜单?