我有一个现有的 raid 6 阵列，其中一个驱动器出现故障，但是，当我尝试使用mdadm --manage /dev/md1 --add /dev/sde3mdadm 错误替换它时，我在内核日志中收到以下消息：
md: sde3 does not have a valid v1.2 superblock, not importing!
请注意，我已将替换驱动器归零，并使用将超级块反复归零mdadm --zero-superblock -e 1.2 --force /dev/sde3。添加似乎将新的超级块写入驱动器，将驱动器标记为备用，但实际上并未将其添加到阵列中，这可能是相关的。
我认为我犯的错误是，mdadm --manage md1 --remove /dev/sde3在驱动器发生故障之后，在尝试添加替换驱动器之前，我移除了发生故障的驱动器。
我尝试了将替换驱动器的超级块归零并组装带有或不带有替换驱动器的阵列的各种组合，但它们都因相同的错误而失败。
此时，我认为我唯一的选择是使用重新创建数组--assume-clean并将失败的插槽标记为missing。
以下是该阵列的信息：
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Array Size : 22686329856 (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 3781054976 (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Raid Devices : 8
Total Devices : 7
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 7
Working Devices : 7
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Consistency Policy : resync
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Events : 176577
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
13 8 99 0 active sync /dev/sdg3
10 8 115 1 active sync /dev/sdh3
11 8 19 2 active sync /dev/sdb3
- 0 0 3 removed
9 8 83 4 active sync /dev/sdf3
8 8 51 5 active sync /dev/sdd3
15 8 35 6 active sync /dev/sdc3
14 8 3 7 active sync /dev/sda3
/dev/sda3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : b3b21814:7f42ad3f:cb7e8d5b:5dfd0d22
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : ef2d77c6 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 7
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdb3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 77d07ff9:e5a670c0:cfb45916:717b98e8
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : d6aeae07 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdc3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 67b4abd6:f1e5b87f:0851dd21:9200e1b6
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 4ceee719 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 6
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdd3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : fe728bca:23485bc8:a5e5ac21:73c1a89a
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 6d085d59 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 5
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sde3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=261864 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 16c61ab0:553c3ce5:d9b300b8:54b4fe14
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 264 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 801fb4f3 - correct
Events : 0
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : spare
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdf3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=261864 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : a8368569:56a9356f:e158fc12:9a75fcf4
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 264 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : fe7faa91 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 4
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdg3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=262064 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 4b25f2f9:65988664:86916d97:f0e3ac2a
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 16 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 3e5f2e4b - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
/dev/sdh3:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x8
Array UUID : 34484e2b:99dc0604:10b071d5:c8012127
Name : playroom:raid (local to host playroom)
Creation Time : Sun May 12 20:28:14 2013
Raid Level : raid6
Raid Devices : 8
Avail Dev Size : 7562110607 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Array Size : 22686329856 KiB (21.13 TiB 23.23 TB)
Used Dev Size : 7562109952 sectors (3.52 TiB 3.87 TB)
Data Offset : 262144 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before=261864 sectors, after=655 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 948d0c31:03c19927:22f18cdd:0d84ffb2
Update Time : Mon Sep 30 17:28:13 2024
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 264 sectors - bad blocks present.
Checksum : 6fec028 - correct
Events : 176577
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AAA.AAAA ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
cat /proc/mdstat生成：
md1 : active raid6 sdg3[13] sda3[14] sdc3[15] sdd3[8] sdf3[9] sdb3[11] sdh3[10]
22686329856 blocks super 1.2 level 6, 512k chunk, algorithm 2 [8/7] [UUU_UUUU]
unused devices: <none>
感谢 frostschutz 发现坏块不一致问题。mdadm --examine-badblocks转储如下：
Bad-blocks on /dev/sda3:
3834808 for 512 sectors
3835320 for 368 sectors
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdb3:
3834808 for 512 sectors
3835320 for 368 sectors
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdc3:
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdd3:
3834808 for 512 sectors
3835320 for 368 sectors
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sde3:
0 for 0 sectors
--- repeats for 512 lines ---
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdf3:
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdg3:
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors
Bad-blocks on /dev/sdh3:
1787061064 for 16 sectors
1788696152 for 8 sectors