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当我尝试在 vesktop 上使用带音频的屏幕共享时，应用程序出现一条错误，提示“您的 c++ 库太旧，无法运行 venmic”，这促使我尝试更新它。

我遵循以下步骤：

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade libstdc++6

之后我也立即通过软件管理器更新了我的 gcc。

从这些命令中删除的软件包是：

intel-media-va-driver:i386 libgl1:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
  libglx-mesa0:i386 libglx0:i386 libicu70:i386 libigdgmm12:i386 libllvm15:i386
  libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libva-glx2:i386 libxml2:i386
  mesa-va-drivers:i386 mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 steam:i386
  steam-libs-i386:i386 va-driver-all:i386

我没怎么在意，因为它正在被其他库替换，遗憾的是我不记得是哪些库，尽管我没有注意到“nvidia-firmware”或“steam-devices”包。我还认为事后撤消此过程会很简单，所以我继续这样做。Vesktop 事后可以运行，但其他一些应用程序却无法运行，因此我尝试通过重新安装所有已删除的应用程序来撤消它，假设它会删除 libstdc++6 并将其替换为另一个。以下是发生的事情：

sudo apt install intel-media-va-driver:i386 libgl1:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
  libglx-mesa0:i386 libglx0:i386 libicu70:i386 libigdgmm12:i386 libllvm15:i386
  libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 libstdc++6:i386 libva-glx2:i386 libxml2:i386
  mesa-va-drivers:i386 mesa-vulkan-drivers:i386 steam:i386
  steam-libs-i386:i386 va-driver-all:i386
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 intel-media-va-driver:i386 : Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 11) but it is not going to be installed
 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386 : Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 11) but it is not going to be installed
                        Recommends: libgl1-amber-dri:i386 but it is not installable
 libicu70:i386 : Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 5.2) but it is not going to be installed
 libigdgmm12:i386 : Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 4.1.1) but it is not going to be installed
 libllvm15:i386 : Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 12) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
libglx-mesa0:i386: command not found
libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386: command not found
mesa-va-drivers:i386: command not found
steam-libs-i386:i386: command not found

我尝试删除 libstdc++6 包，看看它是否会被其他包替换，结果得到了这个：

sudo apt-get remove libstdc++6
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 apt : Depends: libapt-pkg6.0 (>= 2.4.12) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 11) but it is not going to be installed
 mintsources : Depends: python3-apt but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi-cairo but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-pycurl but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-requests but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: mint-common (>= 2) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gtk-3.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-vte-2.91 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-xapp-1.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: lsb-release but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

我尝试安装 libstdc++6:i386，但发生了以下情况：

sudo apt install libstdc++6:i386           
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 apt : Depends: libapt-pkg6.0 (>= 2.4.12) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 11) but it is not installable
 mintsources : Depends: python3-apt but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi-cairo but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-pycurl but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-requests but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: mint-common (>= 2) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gtk-3.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-vte-2.91 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-xapp-1.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: lsb-release but it is not going to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

我尝试修复损坏的软件包并得到以下结果：

sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  i965-va-driver:i386 libatomic1:i386 libbrotli1:i386 libdrm-amdgpu1:i386
  libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libedit2:i386
  libelf1:i386 libfontconfig1:i386 libfreetype6:i386 libglib2.0-0:i386
  libgnutls30:i386 libhogweed6:i386 libnettle8:i386 libnm0:i386
  libp11-kit0:i386 libpciaccess0:i386 libpng16-16:i386 libsensors5:i386
  libtasn1-6:i386 libva-drm2:i386 libva-x11-2:i386 libva2:i386 libvulkan1:i386
  libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb-shm0:i386 libxfixes3:i386 libxi6:i386
  libxinerama1:i386 libxss1:i386 libxxf86vm1:i386
  nvidia-firmware-535-535.171.04 steam-devices
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 12 not upgraded.

然后我注意到 Steam 从我的应用程序中消失了，当我尝试再次安装它时，我也遇到了一个错误：

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
  apt: Depends: libapt-pkg6.0 (>= 2.4.12) but it is not going to be installed
       Depends: libstdc++6 (>= 11) but it is not installable
  mintsources: Depends: python3-apt but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-gi-cairo but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-pycurl but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: python3-requests but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: mint-common (>= 2) but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gdkpixbuf-2.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-gtk-3.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-vte-2.91 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: gir1.2-xapp-1.0 but it is not going to be installed
               Depends: lsb-release but it is not going to be installed

那么发生了什么，我该怎么办？我以前从未遇到过这个问题，而且我以前也使用过外部存储库。autoremove由于担心会进一步破坏系统，我没有运行该命令，但似乎这些软件包是导致问题的原因。我正在运行 Linux Mint 21.1，我不确定哪个 c++ 库适合这个系统，我只是想让一切恢复原样。

libstdc++6 和 libstdc++6:i386 的 apt 策略命令：

apt policy libstdc++6 libstdc++6:i386
libstdc++6:
  Installed: 13.1.0-8ubuntu1~22.04
  Candidate: 13.1.0-8ubuntu1~22.04
  Version table:
 *** 13.1.0-8ubuntu1~22.04 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages
     12-20220319-1ubuntu1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
libstdc++6:i386:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04
  Version table:
     12.3.0-1ubuntu1~22.04 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main i386 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main i386 Packages
     12-20220319-1ubuntu1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main i386 Packages

这个真的不知道该怎么办了。我正在尝试使用更多 RAM 启动我的世界服务器，但终端中的命令给了我这个错误。

仅当我转到文件管理器并单击 server.jar 文件时，服务器才能正常工作，然后它会像 GUI 和所有内容一样正常启动。问题是我不能通过那里设置 RAM 参数，只能通过命令。

我试过了：

sudo java -Xmx1024 -Xms1024 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx4096 -Xms1024 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx8164 -Xms1024 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx1000000 -Xms1024 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx3072 -Xms2048 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx2048 -Xms512 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx1024 -Xms512 -jar server.jar

sudo java -Xmx512 -Xms256 -jar server.jar

每次都会导致完全相同的错误：

“虚拟机初始化过程中发生错误”

“最大堆太小”

我也用 -nogui 试过这些，同样的错误。

使用 Linux Mint XFCE 20.2 不久前，我安装了一个 KDE Plasma 桌面来试用它。最终不喜欢它，只是坚持这个。

出于某种原因，当我在 KDE 和 XFCE 之间切换时，我的桌面图标上的文本变成了带有黑色阴影的黑色，我不知道如何将它改回来（它曾经是带有黑色阴影的白色）。我尝试更改主题并编辑 gtk.css 和 colors.css 文件，注销然后重新登录，但什么也没发生。

做什么？

在寻找使用控制台命令卸载我的世界的方法时，谷歌的第一个结果告诉我使用命令：rm -vr ~/ .minecraft/*.

我想，哦，好吧，我正在指定目录，所以这应该可以正常工作。该命令开始删除我的主目录中的每个文件夹。幸运的是，我发现了正在发生的事情，但不是在我的 aseprite 文件夹被删除之前。

我知道文件夹目录是事实，/home/kaiser/aseprite/并且从那以后我没有在主目录中安装或删除任何东西。我害怕更改任何内容或重新启动计算机，因为我不希望该分区空间被覆盖。

那个文件夹有很多正在进行的对我来说非常重要的工作，还没有备份。在我把它拿回来之前，我不会碰任何东西。

我在1TB HDD上运行Linux Mint XFCE 20.2。我的主板是技嘉 H310M H 2.0。

如果有任何方法可以恢复这些文件，请留下您的建议。在撰写这篇文章时，它们大约在 1 小时前被删除。

编辑：我的分区是 EXT4（1.0 版）。

几天前我还保存了一个会话，但不确定是否可以将其用作还原点，因为我认为保存的会话不算作备份。

我正在使用 Linux Mint XFCE 20。

最近我通过运行安装了 Java sudo apt-get install openjdk，它自动安装了 JRE 和 JDK 的 8 和 11 版本，包括 JRE headless。

事实证明，我只需要 openjdk 16 就可以运行我想要的，而拥有其他版本的 java 有点毫无意义。我的主要问题是程序默认为版本 8，我似乎无法修复它。

那么如何卸载版本 11 和 8 并保留 16？