如何查找两个磁盘结构之间丢失的目录？
A/, B/, C/, D/。（较新的副本）A/, B/, D/, E/。（旧副本）我想找出与旧副本相比，新副本中缺少哪些目录。
结果：“Dir E”。
我怎样才能做到这一点？我不想要任何有关文件的报告。
这可以仅创建特定目标中缺少的目录：
find -type d -exec mkdir -p "/mnt/pics/Albums/{}" \;
更新：我的问题中建议的文章是关于内容而不是文件夹。此外，没有提出明确的解决方案作为“diff -rq path1 path2”的答案。
我正在尝试执行以下循环，但我失败了。我读过双括号和其他东西，但是，我无法让它工作（尤其是第二部分与grep）。我可以让每个部分单独工作，但不能同时工作。
第一次尝试：
a=1;
b=1;
while { ( n1=$(grep 'too many requests' *.htm* )) && (( $a -eq $b )) }; do
echo "aa"
done
第二次尝试：
while [[ n=$(grep 'too many requests' *.htm* ) && $a==$b ]]; do
echo "error"
done
第三次尝试
while [[ n=$(grep 'too many requests' *.htm* ) && "$a" -eq "$b" ]]; do
echo "aa"
done
我期望的是：如果 HTML 文件不包含短语“太多请求”，并且a等于b，则进入循环。
sudo systemd-analyze
Startup finished in 35.729s (firmware) + 5.933s (loader) + 32.920s (kernel) + 3min 18.149s (userspace) = 4min 32.732s
graphical.target reached after 2min 46.619s in userspace
和
systemd-analyze blame
1min 41.665s sendmail.service
1min 31.112s podman-auto-update.service
1min 19.116s [email protected]
1min 17.766s [email protected]
1min 17.311s [email protected]
59.659s mpd.service
37.709s [email protected]
34.906s systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
33.412s nmbd.service
33.152s apache2.service
30.795s lightdm.service
30.746s plymouth-quit-wait.service
29.475s vmware.service
27.070s udisks2.service
24.988s networkd-dispatcher.service
23.200s accounts-daemon.service
19.811s lxc-net.service
15.702s upower.service
14.965s avahi-daemon.service
14.964s NetworkManager.service
14.573s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
14.191s polkit.service
14.189s power-profiles-daemon.service
14.022s switcheroo-control.service
14.016s wpa_supplicant.service
13.695s systemd-udev-settle.service
13.529s systemd-logind.service
13.513s vmware-USBArbitrator.service
12.911s dev-sda2.device
系统信息
,g$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$P. OS: Debian 11 bullseye
,g$$P"" """Y$$.". Kernel: x86_64 Linux 5.11.0-18-generic
,$$P' `$$$. Uptime: 18m
',$$P ,ggs. `$$b: Packages: 6057
`d$$' ,$P"' . $$$ Shell: bash
$$P d$' , $$P Resolution: 1920x1080
$$: $$. - ,d$$' DE: KDE 5.80.0 / Plasma 5.21.4
$$\; Y$b._ _,d$P' WM: KWin
Y$$. `.`"Y$$$$P"' GTK Theme: Breeze [GTK2], Adwaita [GTK3]
`$$b "-.__ Icon Theme: breeze
`Y$$ Disk: 569G / 1.4T (44%)
`Y$$. CPU: Intel Core i5-4570S @ 4x 3.6GHz [30.0°C]
`$$b. GPU: NV138
`Y$$b. RAM: 3043MiB / 7909MiB
`"Y$b._
我有 4 个硬盘通过 USB 集线器连接，2 个 USB 硬盘连接到 USB 端口。所有硬盘外部西方护照。但只有 on1 磁盘在引导时自动挂载。
我已经安装了 minisql（更快的 postgresql 替代品？）我将我的 android 手机连接到 pc。我有有线互联网。
a) sendmail 服务花了将近 2 分钟 - 我可以禁用吗？b) psotgresql 替代品？为什么是 3 个实例？c) 音乐网络的 mpd 服务非常慢。备择方案？
所以如果修复这些问题，我的启动时间可能会缩短 5 分钟！！！
任何想法？
更新：卸载 postgresql 后（我将来可能需要）
1min 33.326s sendmail.service
58.872s podman-auto-update.service
40.822s mpd.service
33.722s systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
29.988s [email protected]
26.474s apache2.service
26.234s lightdm.service
26.217s plymouth-quit-wait.service
25.138s vmware.service
24.550s networkd-dispatcher.service
23.020s udisks2.service
22.879s accounts-daemon.service
15.663s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
14.961s avahi-daemon.service
14.959s NetworkManager.service
14.594s polkit.service
14.592s power-profiles-daemon.service
14.210s switcheroo-control.service
14.203s wpa_supplicant.service
禁用 sendmail.service 后更新
55.560s podman-auto-update.service
42.642s mpd.service
33.696s systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
30.868s [email protected]
26.124s apache2.service
25.182s networkd-dispatcher.service
25.012s udisks2.service
23.658s lightdm.service
23.642s plymouth-quit-wait.service
22.550s vmware.service
22.424s accounts-daemon.service
16.712s systemd-journal-flush.service
16.003s NetworkManager-wait-online.service
15.687s systemd-udev-settle.service
15.422s avahi-daemon.service
15.420s NetworkManager.service
15.031s polkit.service
15.018s power-profiles-daemon.service
14.880s vmware-USBArbitrator.service
14.623s switcheroo-control.service
14.618s wpa_supplicant.service
14.145s winbind.service
14.015s lxc-net.service
13.885s systemd-logind.service
13.360s dev-sda2.device
10.786s ModemManager.service
10.315s smartmontools.service
10.246s gpu-manager.service
9.491s systemd-networkd.service
8.443s timidity.service
8.324s smbd.service
8.098s nmbd.service
7.389s cups.service
7.121s pwrstatd.service
7.099s packagekit.service
6.850s lxc.service
5.758s rsyslog.service
4.943s systemd-udevd.service
4.324s systemd-modules-load.service
4.090s gpm.service
3.690s e2scrub_reap.service
更新：最担心的日记条目，因为它要求
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: EISA: Cannot allocate resource for mainboard
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 1
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 2
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 3
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 4
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 5
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 6
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 7
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: platform eisa.0: Cannot allocate resource for EISA slot 8
r8169 0000:03:00.0: can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have ASPM control
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: ACPI Warning: SystemIO range 0x0000000000001828-0x000000000000182F conflicts with OpRegion 0x0000000000001800-0x000000000000187F (\>
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: lpc_ich: Resource conflict(s) found affecting gpio_ich
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] No Caching mode page found
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 7:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] No Caching mode page found
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 8:0:0:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 9:0:0:0: [sdd] No Caching mode page found
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc kernel: sd 9:0:0:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through
Apr 16 01:50:19 eliasc systemd[1]: /lib/systemd/system/plymouth-start.service:16: Unit configured to use KillMode=none. This is unsafe, as it disables systemd's p>
Apr 16 01:50:20 eliasc kernel: ashmem_linux: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
Apr 16 01:50:22 eliasc systemd-modules-load[406]: Failed to find module 'dhd'
Apr 16 01:50:24 eliasc systemd-udevd[425]: /usr/lib/udev/rules.d/60-anbox-modules-dkms.rules:1 NAME="%k" is ignored, as it breaks kernel supplied names.
Apr 16 01:50:27 eliasc kernel: at24 0-0052: supply vcc not found, using dummy regulator
Apr 16 01:50:28 eliasc kernel: scsi 11:0:0:1: Wrong diagnostic page; asked for 1 got 8
Apr 16 01:50:28 eliasc kernel: scsi 11:0:0:1: Failed to get diagnostic page 0x1
Apr 16 01:50:28 eliasc kernel: scsi 11:0:0:1: Failed to bind enclosure -19
Apr 16 01:50:30 eliasc kernel: snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1b.0: dmic_detect option is deprecated, pass snd-intel-dspcfg.dsp_driver=1 option instead
Apr 16 01:50:30 eliasc kernel: snd_hda_intel 0000:01:00.1: dmic_detect option is deprecated, pass snd-intel-dspcfg.dsp_driver=1 option instead
Apr 16 01:50:42 eliasc smartd[750]: Device: /dev/sda [SAT], no ATA CHECK POWER STATUS support, ignoring -n Directive
Apr 16 01:51:11 eliasc kernel: vmmon: loading out-of-tree module taints kernel.
Configuration file /etc/xdg/autostart/org.kde.discover.notifier.desktop is marked executable. Please remove executable permission bits. Proceeding anyway.
Apr 16 01:51:37 eliasc systemd-xdg-autostart-generator[1373]: Not generating service for XDG autostart app-unity\x2dsettings\x2ddaemon-autostart.service, error parsing Exec= line: No such file or directory
Apr 16 01:51:42 eliasc systemd[1518]: mpd.socket: Failed to create listening socket ([::]:6600): Address already in use
Apr 16 01:51:42 eliasc systemd[1322]: mpd.socket: Failed to receive listening socket ([::]:6600): Input/output error
Apr 16 01:51:42 eliasc systemd[1322]: mpd.socket: Failed to listen on sockets: Input/output error
Apr 16 01:51:42 eliasc systemd[1322]: mpd.socket: Failed with result 'resources'.
Apr 16 01:51:42 eliasc systemd[1322]: Failed to listen on mpd.socket.
Apr 16 01:51:43 eliasc sm-mta[1533]: My unqualified host name (eliasc) unknown; sleeping for retry
Apr 16 01:51:44 eliasc sm-msp-queue[1549]: My unqualified host name (eliasc) unknown; sleeping for retry
Apr 16 01:51:46 eliasc systemd[1087]: mpd.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Apr 16 01:51:46 eliasc systemd[1087]: mpd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Apr 16 01:51:46 eliasc systemd[1087]: Failed to start Music Player Daemon.
Apr 16 01:51:46 eliasc systemd[1322]: mpd.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Apr 16 01:51:46 eliasc systemd[1322]: mpd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1538]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1538]: could not set nice-level to -11: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1537]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1537]: could not set nice-level to -11: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1522]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1522]: could not set nice-level to -11: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1521]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1521]: could not set nice-level to -11: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1538]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1538]: could not make thread realtime: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1537]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1537]: could not make thread realtime: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1522]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire-media-session[1522]: could not make thread realtime: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1521]: RTKit error: org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.AccessDenied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pipewire[1521]: could not make thread realtime: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pulseaudio[1523]: Home directory not accessible: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc pulseaudio[1578]: Home directory not accessible: Permission denied
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc systemd[1322]: pulseaudio.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc systemd[1322]: pulseaudio.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Apr 16 01:51:47 eliasc systemd[1322]: Failed to start Sound Service
Apr 16 01:51:56 eliasc pulseaudio[1539]: Sink output does not exist.
Apr 16 01:51:56 eliasc pulseaudio[1539]: Source input does not exist.
Apr 16 01:52:43 eliasc sm-mta[1533]: unable to qualify my own domain name (eliasc) -- using short name
Apr 16 01:52:44 eliasc sm-msp-queue[1549]: unable to qualify my own domain name (eliasc) -- using short name
Apr 16 01:52:58 eliasc org.kde.powerdevil.backlighthelper[2031]: org.kde.powerdevil: no kernel backlight interface found
Apr 16 08:32:10 eliasc systemd[1087]: plasma-baloorunner.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Apr 16 08:32:10 eliasc systemd[1087]: Failed to start KRunner provider for baloo file indexer.