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wjwrpoyob's questions

Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-10-13 11:29:31 +0800 CST
  • 6

给定一个包含内容的文件input.txt：

xyMnZnMs76XHgsWJ
size: YN3hxFqFeUxXUMrQ
USPqYEnbquwFhUW7
vhJJduHZu25qHzTw
size: JaTDhQYQtLRWBLjj
uE5HGDAZN6DHU73Q
QxVPfQQaKTgR9LXQ
grnsm8bwSz5fJbQS size:
7CcuZxCHSJYhcdqg
ZuWadAaLWFwDwj5Z

怎么用if (condition) {...} else {...}？

我尝试使用：

awk -F ':' '
IF ($1 ~ /size/) {
    print "match: "$0;
} ELSE {
    print "non-match: "$0;
}' input.txt

但所有行都匹配（即使是不$1包含 的行"size"）：

match: xyMnZnMs76XHgsWJ
match: size: YN3hxFqFeUxXUMrQ
match: USPqYEnbquwFhUW7
match: vhJJduHZu25qHzTw
match: size: JaTDhQYQtLRWBLjj
match: uE5HGDAZN6DHU73Q
match: QxVPfQQaKTgR9LXQ
match: grnsm8bwSz5fJbQS size:
match: 7CcuZxCHSJYhcdqg
match: ZuWadAaLWFwDwj5Z

我期望输出是：

non-match: xyMnZnMs76XHgsWJ
match: size: YN3hxFqFeUxXUMrQ
non-match: USPqYEnbquwFhUW7
non-match: vhJJduHZu25qHzTw
match: size: JaTDhQYQtLRWBLjj
non-match: uE5HGDAZN6DHU73Q
non-match: QxVPfQQaKTgR9LXQ
non-match: grnsm8bwSz5fJbQS size:
non-match: 7CcuZxCHSJYhcdqg
non-match: ZuWadAaLWFwDwj5Z
awk
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-10-12 09:03:23 +0800 CST
  • 6

在tmux通过 SSH 的会话中，我运行了：

( \
  ( while true; do echo subsubshell1 && sleep 5; done ) & \
  ( while true; do echo subsubshell2 && sleep 10; done ) & \
  wait; \
)

如何在不重新启动的情况下停止这两个后台作业？我已经运行了上面的命令，使用了ctrl + c，并关闭了tmux窗格。关于如何修改该命令的建议，以便我下次再次运行该命令时可以更轻松地关闭它，对此表示赞赏。

  • pkill sleep刚刚开始循环的下一次迭代。
  • fg说没有工作
  • ctrl + c似乎只停止子 shell，但不停止子子 shell 和后台命令。
bash
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-10-12 07:28:08 +0800 CST
  • 6

如何获取 Git LFS 文件的总大小？

我可以通过以下方式获取 LFS 文件列表git lfs ls-files --size：

b1d5dd29dd - file1.zip (1.42 GB)
27d3073f43 - file2.zip (120 MB)
cacd6dbfe3 - folder/file3.zip (110.2 MB)
295442cd34 - "folder/(120 MB).zip" (110.2 MB)
680bb2ab19 * test.txt (5 B)

注意：和-都*被使用。

我可以使用以下方法过滤以仅获取尺寸git lfs ls-files --size | awk -F " " '{ print $(NF-1) $NF }' | tr -d '()'：

1.42GB
120MB
110.2MB
110.2MB
5B

我不知道这些是 1000 (GB) 还是 1024 (GiB) 的幂，因此可以假设较大的幂（1.00 GB = 1024 MB）。

如何获得总计 1.88 GiB ( (1.42) * 1024^3 + (120 + 110.2 + 110.2) * 1024^2 + (5) * 1 = 1881648665.48 bytes = 1.88 GiB)？

另一种无需解析 Git 等效项即可获取总大小的方法ls也是可以接受的，最好使用普通的 Bash 和 GNU 工具。

bash
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-08-23 07:20:52 +0800 CST
  • 5

当该文件没有对应的文件时，如何找到并执行该程序？

示例文件：

/file1.c
/file1.h

/file2.c

/file3.c
/file3.hpp

/file4.c/unrelated.txt

find / -type f -name '*.c' -exec my_program_here {} \;执行于：

/file1.c
/file2.c
/file3.c

但我想过滤掉那些有相应.h文件的。最后，my_program_here应该运行在：

/file2.c
/file3.c

就我而言，如何过滤掉*.h存在的所有结果？

bash
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-06-01 07:10:02 +0800 CST
  • 11

在OP 发表评论后，我发现/dev/stdout即使在禁用缓冲后也会提供 10 KiB 的块，但-不会。为什么是这样？man tar我在nor中找不到与此相关的任何信息man stdout。

请注意，/dev/stdout转到00002800，而不是000000a1。输出是正确的，除了用空字节填充。

> mkdir -p /tmp/747613
> cd /tmp/747613
> echo 747613 > file.txt

> tar czf /tmp/archive_tgz .
> hd /tmp/archive_tgz
00000000  1f 8b 08 00 00 00 00 00  00 03 ed d1 41 0a c2 30  |............A..0|
00000010  10 85 e1 ac 3d 45 4e 90  66 9a 49 72 9e 2e 22 08  |....=EN.f.Ir..".|
00000020  ea a2 46 f0 f8 a6 8b a2  9b 76 21 04 11 ff 6f f3  |..F......v!...o.|
00000030  20 33 90 81 e7 06 d3 9d  6f 72 8e 4b 4a 8e fe 3d  | 3......or.KJ..=|
00000040  57 46 54 43 6c 8f 69 6c  7b 22 da c6 36 f6 3f cd  |WFTCl.il{"..6.?.|
00000050  98 fb ad 4e b3 b5 2d cb  7c 9d 2e 65 7b 6f 7f fe  |...N..-.|..e{o..|
00000060  a3 dc 70 3c 9d 8b ab 8f  da ef 8f a5 e0 94 74 a7  |..p<..........t.|
00000070  ff bc f6 2f 41 a5 f5 1f  64 14 63 7d bf 93 5e fe  |.../A...d.c}..^.|
00000080  bc ff ac 39 49 38 7c fb  0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...9I8|.........|
00000090  00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 78  02 88 2a 27 ac 00 28 00  |.......x..*'..(.|
*
000000a1

> tar czf /dev/stdout . | hd
00000000  1f 8b 08 00 00 00 00 00  00 03 ed d1 41 0a c2 30  |............A..0|
00000010  10 85 e1 ac 3d 45 4e 90  66 9a 49 72 9e 2e 22 08  |....=EN.f.Ir..".|
00000020  ea a2 46 f0 f8 a6 8b a2  9b 76 21 04 11 ff 6f f3  |..F......v!...o.|
00000030  20 33 90 81 e7 06 d3 9d  6f 72 8e 4b 4a 8e fe 3d  | 3......or.KJ..=|
00000040  57 46 54 43 6c 8f 69 6c  7b 22 da c6 36 f6 3f cd  |WFTCl.il{"..6.?.|
00000050  98 fb ad 4e b3 b5 2d cb  7c 9d 2e 65 7b 6f 7f fe  |...N..-.|..e{o..|
00000060  a3 dc 70 3c 9d 8b ab 8f  da ef 8f a5 e0 94 74 a7  |..p<..........t.|
00000070  ff bc f6 2f 41 a5 f5 1f  64 14 63 7d bf 93 5e fe  |.../A...d.c}..^.|
00000080  bc ff ac 39 49 38 7c fb  0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...9I8|.........|
00000090  00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 78  02 88 2a 27 ac 00 28 00  |.......x..*'..(.|
000000a0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00002800

> # Even with buffering disabled
> stdbuf -i0 -o0 -e0 tar czf /dev/stdout . | stdbuf -i0 -o0 -e0 hd
00000000  1f 8b 08 00 00 00 00 00  00 03 ed d1 41 0a c2 30  |............A..0|
00000010  10 85 e1 ac 3d 45 4e 90  66 9a 49 72 9e 2e 22 08  |....=EN.f.Ir..".|
00000020  ea a2 46 f0 f8 a6 8b a2  9b 76 21 04 11 ff 6f f3  |..F......v!...o.|
00000030  20 33 90 81 e7 06 d3 9d  6f 72 8e 4b 4a 8e fe 3d  | 3......or.KJ..=|
00000040  57 46 54 43 6c 8f 69 6c  7b 22 da c6 36 f6 3f cd  |WFTCl.il{"..6.?.|
00000050  98 fb ad 4e b3 b5 2d cb  7c 9d 2e 65 7b 6f 7f fe  |...N..-.|..e{o..|
00000060  a3 dc 70 3c 9d 8b ab 8f  da ef 8f a5 e0 94 74 a7  |..p<..........t.|
00000070  ff bc f6 2f 41 a5 f5 1f  64 14 63 7d bf 93 5e fe  |.../A...d.c}..^.|
00000080  bc ff ac 39 49 38 7c fb  0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...9I8|.........|
00000090  00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 78  02 88 2a 27 ac 00 28 00  |.......x..*'..(.|
000000a0  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
*
00002800

> # Works fine (- means stdout)
> tar czf - . | hd
00000000  1f 8b 08 00 00 00 00 00  00 03 ed d1 41 0a c2 30  |............A..0|
00000010  10 85 e1 ac 3d 45 4e 90  66 9a 49 72 9e 2e 22 08  |....=EN.f.Ir..".|
00000020  ea a2 46 f0 f8 a6 8b a2  9b 76 21 04 11 ff 6f f3  |..F......v!...o.|
00000030  20 33 90 81 e7 06 d3 9d  6f 72 8e 4b 4a 8e fe 3d  | 3......or.KJ..=|
00000040  57 46 54 43 6c 8f 69 6c  7b 22 da c6 36 f6 3f cd  |WFTCl.il{"..6.?.|
00000050  98 fb ad 4e b3 b5 2d cb  7c 9d 2e 65 7b 6f 7f fe  |...N..-.|..e{o..|
00000060  a3 dc 70 3c 9d 8b ab 8f  da ef 8f a5 e0 94 74 a7  |..p<..........t.|
00000070  ff bc f6 2f 41 a5 f5 1f  64 14 63 7d bf 93 5e fe  |.../A...d.c}..^.|
00000080  bc ff ac 39 49 38 7c fb  0c 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...9I8|.........|
00000090  00 00 00 00 00 00 1f 78  02 88 2a 27 ac 00 28 00  |.......x..*'..(.|
*
000000a1
linux
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-05-30 05:15:30 +0800 CST
  • 5

在 Oracle Linux 上，如何安装更新的软件包？

例如，yum install -y wireshark; wireshark --version给出Wireshark 2.6.2，但上游位于Wireshark 4.0.6。我有Last metadata expiration check: 2 days, 9:01:50 ago。

> yum search -v wireshark
Loaded plugins: builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, system-upgrade, ulninfo
YUM version: 4.7.0
cachedir: /var/tmp/dnf-opc-3xezwdbs
========================================================================================= Name Exactly Matched: wireshark =========================================================================================
wireshark.aarch64 : Network traffic analyzer
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Provide    : wireshark = 1:2.6.2-15.el8

wireshark.src : Network traffic analyzer
Repo        : ol8_appstream
Matched from:
Other       : wireshark

======================================================================================== Name & Summary Matched: wireshark ========================================================================================
libvirt-wireshark.aarch64 : Wireshark dissector plugin for libvirt RPC transactions
Repo        : ol8_appstream
Matched from:
Provide    : libvirt-wireshark = 8.0.0-19.0.1.module+el8.8.0+21044+01700444

============================================================================================= Name Matched: wireshark =============================================================================================
wireshark-cli.aarch64 : Network traffic analyzer
Repo        : @System
Matched from:
Provide    : wireshark-cli = 1:2.6.2-15.el8
yum
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2023-04-12 12:22:43 +0800 CST
  • 7

stdin命令正在运行时如何停止ash（不是bash）？

例如：

  1. sleep 10
  2. 仍在运行echo hello时键入sleep
  3. 观察hello是在完成stdout后sleep

期望：

  1. sleep 10
  2. 仍在运行echo hello时键入sleep
  3. 观察 shell，好像在sleep运行时没有输入任何内容

我希望解决方案类似于：tput <stop stdin>; sleep 10; tput <restart stdin>; <enter>

这不会出现在 shell 脚本中（只需要使用交互式 shell）。

linux
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2019-08-27 10:31:49 +0800 CST
  • 1

我正在尝试计算 PBKDF2 哈希，但得到的结果不一致。

Message: Hello
Salt: 60C100D05C610E8B94A854DFC0789885
Iterations: 1
Key length: 16

Expected hash: 584519EF3E56714E301A4D85F972B6B4
  • nettle-pbkdf2给a951d3cd9014e0c0 527000727c1e928a
  • https://asecuritysite.com/encryption/PBKDF2z并CryptoJS给出584519EF3E56714E301A4D85F972B6B4

如何使用nettle-pbkdf2或任何其他 CLI 程序来生成预期的哈希584519EF3E56714E301A4D85F972B6B4？

复制步骤如下：

nettle-pbkdf2

$ printf "Hello" | nettle-pbkdf2 --iterations=1 --length=16 --hex-salt 60C100D05C610E8B94A854DFC0789885
> a951d3cd9014e0c0 527000727c1e928a

https://asecuritysite.com/encryption/PBKDF2z

Message: Hello
Salt: 60C100D05C610E8B94A854DFC0789885
Iterations: 1
Key length: 16

Hash: 584519EF3E56714E301A4D85F972B6B4

CryptoJS

<script>
/*
CryptoJS v3.1.2
code.google.com/p/crypto-js
(c) 2009-2013 by Jeff Mott. All rights reserved.
code.google.com/p/crypto-js/wiki/License
*/
var CryptoJS=CryptoJS||function(g,j){var e={},d=e.lib={},m=function(){},n=d.Base={extend:function(a){m.prototype=this;var c=new m;a&&c.mixIn(a);c.hasOwnProperty("init")||(c.init=function(){c.$super.init.apply(this,arguments)});c.init.prototype=c;c.$super=this;return c},create:function(){var a=this.extend();a.init.apply(a,arguments);return a},init:function(){},mixIn:function(a){for(var c in a)a.hasOwnProperty(c)&&(this[c]=a[c]);a.hasOwnProperty("toString")&&(this.toString=a.toString)},clone:function(){return this.init.prototype.extend(this)}},
q=d.WordArray=n.extend({init:function(a,c){a=this.words=a||[];this.sigBytes=c!=j?c:4*a.length},toString:function(a){return(a||l).stringify(this)},concat:function(a){var c=this.words,p=a.words,f=this.sigBytes;a=a.sigBytes;this.clamp();if(f%4)for(var b=0;b<a;b++)c[f+b>>>2]|=(p[b>>>2]>>>24-8*(b%4)&255)<<24-8*((f+b)%4);else if(65535<p.length)for(b=0;b<a;b+=4)c[f+b>>>2]=p[b>>>2];else c.push.apply(c,p);this.sigBytes+=a;return this},clamp:function(){var a=this.words,c=this.sigBytes;a[c>>>2]&=4294967295<<
32-8*(c%4);a.length=g.ceil(c/4)},clone:function(){var a=n.clone.call(this);a.words=this.words.slice(0);return a},random:function(a){for(var c=[],b=0;b<a;b+=4)c.push(4294967296*g.random()|0);return new q.init(c,a)}}),b=e.enc={},l=b.Hex={stringify:function(a){var c=a.words;a=a.sigBytes;for(var b=[],f=0;f<a;f++){var d=c[f>>>2]>>>24-8*(f%4)&255;b.push((d>>>4).toString(16));b.push((d&15).toString(16))}return b.join("")},parse:function(a){for(var c=a.length,b=[],f=0;f<c;f+=2)b[f>>>3]|=parseInt(a.substr(f,
2),16)<<24-4*(f%8);return new q.init(b,c/2)}},k=b.Latin1={stringify:function(a){var c=a.words;a=a.sigBytes;for(var b=[],f=0;f<a;f++)b.push(String.fromCharCode(c[f>>>2]>>>24-8*(f%4)&255));return b.join("")},parse:function(a){for(var c=a.length,b=[],f=0;f<c;f++)b[f>>>2]|=(a.charCodeAt(f)&255)<<24-8*(f%4);return new q.init(b,c)}},h=b.Utf8={stringify:function(a){try{return decodeURIComponent(escape(k.stringify(a)))}catch(b){throw Error("Malformed UTF-8 data");}},parse:function(a){return k.parse(unescape(encodeURIComponent(a)))}},
u=d.BufferedBlockAlgorithm=n.extend({reset:function(){this._data=new q.init;this._nDataBytes=0},_append:function(a){"string"==typeof a&&(a=h.parse(a));this._data.concat(a);this._nDataBytes+=a.sigBytes},_process:function(a){var b=this._data,d=b.words,f=b.sigBytes,l=this.blockSize,e=f/(4*l),e=a?g.ceil(e):g.max((e|0)-this._minBufferSize,0);a=e*l;f=g.min(4*a,f);if(a){for(var h=0;h<a;h+=l)this._doProcessBlock(d,h);h=d.splice(0,a);b.sigBytes-=f}return new q.init(h,f)},clone:function(){var a=n.clone.call(this);
a._data=this._data.clone();return a},_minBufferSize:0});d.Hasher=u.extend({cfg:n.extend(),init:function(a){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(a);this.reset()},reset:function(){u.reset.call(this);this._doReset()},update:function(a){this._append(a);this._process();return this},finalize:function(a){a&&this._append(a);return this._doFinalize()},blockSize:16,_createHelper:function(a){return function(b,d){return(new a.init(d)).finalize(b)}},_createHmacHelper:function(a){return function(b,d){return(new w.HMAC.init(a,
d)).finalize(b)}}});var w=e.algo={};return e}(Math);
(function(){var g=CryptoJS,j=g.lib,e=j.WordArray,d=j.Hasher,m=[],j=g.algo.SHA1=d.extend({_doReset:function(){this._hash=new e.init([1732584193,4023233417,2562383102,271733878,3285377520])},_doProcessBlock:function(d,e){for(var b=this._hash.words,l=b[0],k=b[1],h=b[2],g=b[3],j=b[4],a=0;80>a;a++){if(16>a)m[a]=d[e+a]|0;else{var c=m[a-3]^m[a-8]^m[a-14]^m[a-16];m[a]=c<<1|c>>>31}c=(l<<5|l>>>27)+j+m[a];c=20>a?c+((k&h|~k&g)+1518500249):40>a?c+((k^h^g)+1859775393):60>a?c+((k&h|k&g|h&g)-1894007588):c+((k^h^
g)-899497514);j=g;g=h;h=k<<30|k>>>2;k=l;l=c}b[0]=b[0]+l|0;b[1]=b[1]+k|0;b[2]=b[2]+h|0;b[3]=b[3]+g|0;b[4]=b[4]+j|0},_doFinalize:function(){var d=this._data,e=d.words,b=8*this._nDataBytes,l=8*d.sigBytes;e[l>>>5]|=128<<24-l%32;e[(l+64>>>9<<4)+14]=Math.floor(b/4294967296);e[(l+64>>>9<<4)+15]=b;d.sigBytes=4*e.length;this._process();return this._hash},clone:function(){var e=d.clone.call(this);e._hash=this._hash.clone();return e}});g.SHA1=d._createHelper(j);g.HmacSHA1=d._createHmacHelper(j)})();
(function(){var g=CryptoJS,j=g.enc.Utf8;g.algo.HMAC=g.lib.Base.extend({init:function(e,d){e=this._hasher=new e.init;"string"==typeof d&&(d=j.parse(d));var g=e.blockSize,n=4*g;d.sigBytes>n&&(d=e.finalize(d));d.clamp();for(var q=this._oKey=d.clone(),b=this._iKey=d.clone(),l=q.words,k=b.words,h=0;h<g;h++)l[h]^=1549556828,k[h]^=909522486;q.sigBytes=b.sigBytes=n;this.reset()},reset:function(){var e=this._hasher;e.reset();e.update(this._iKey)},update:function(e){this._hasher.update(e);return this},finalize:function(e){var d=
this._hasher;e=d.finalize(e);d.reset();return d.finalize(this._oKey.clone().concat(e))}})})();
(function(){var g=CryptoJS,j=g.lib,e=j.Base,d=j.WordArray,j=g.algo,m=j.HMAC,n=j.PBKDF2=e.extend({cfg:e.extend({keySize:4,hasher:j.SHA1,iterations:1}),init:function(d){this.cfg=this.cfg.extend(d)},compute:function(e,b){for(var g=this.cfg,k=m.create(g.hasher,e),h=d.create(),j=d.create([1]),n=h.words,a=j.words,c=g.keySize,g=g.iterations;n.length<c;){var p=k.update(b).finalize(j);k.reset();for(var f=p.words,v=f.length,s=p,t=1;t<g;t++){s=k.finalize(s);k.reset();for(var x=s.words,r=0;r<v;r++)f[r]^=x[r]}h.concat(p);
a[0]++}h.sigBytes=4*c;return h}});g.PBKDF2=function(d,b,e){return n.create(e).compute(d,b)}})();
</script>

<script>
var salt = CryptoJS.enc.Hex.parse("60c100d05c610e8b94a854dfc0789885");
var message = "Hello";
var key128Bits = CryptoJS.PBKDF2(message, salt, { keySize: 4, iterations: 1 });

// Logs "584519ef3e56714e301a4d85f972b6b4"
console.log(key128Bits.toString());
</script>
command-line hashsum
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2019-04-26 11:27:53 +0800 CST
  • 2

scrypt是一种基于密码的密钥派生函数，可以调整为使用大量内存。

我想要一个命令行界面来计算给定我自己的参数值的键：password, salt, n, r, p, length（这些类似于参数password, salt, costin bcrypt）。

最好，我可以使用类似的东西scrypt --password message --salt mysalt -n 1024 -r 8 -p 8 --length 32并得到9a5ef931679f5003248953b6eea3827ca32eb6d07a417126670ba8555f40a0e0.

什么软件可以完成这项工作？

shell software-rec
Martin Hope
wjwrpoyob
Asked: 2018-05-12 20:29:19 +0800 CST
  • 0

我有一张我知道没问题的图片。( image.jpg)

几天后当我打开时，image.jpg是腐败的。（无法正常显示）

如何检查图像所在的硬盘驱动器中的位是否出现故障？

我可以永久破坏图像。

我可以dd与所有文件一起等待几天，然后检查是否有任何位翻转了吗？

如果重要的话，我正在使用标准的 Ubuntu 安装。

linux files