我编写了一个脚本，可以在 RAM 磁盘上生成 PDF 和 HTML 文件：
这是我从 Ubuntu Linux 24.04 上的浏览器（Chrome、Firefox）收到的错误消息：
Access to the file was denied
The file at file:///dev/shm/test.html is not readable. It may have been removed, moved or file permissions may be preventing access.
ERR_ACCESS_DENIED
这些是文件详细信息：
/dev/shm> ll
-rw-rw-r-- 1 11K 2024-08-30 11:06 test.html
如果我将文件复制到硬盘上，它可以按预期打开：
/dev/shm> cp ./test.html ~
在 中lynx.cfg，它包含：
.h1 CGI scripts
# These settings control Lynx's ability to execute various types of scripts.
.h2 LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ALWAYS_ON
.h2 LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ON_BUT_NOT_REMOTE
# Local execution links and scripts are by default completely disabled,
# unless a change is made to the userdefs.h file to enable them or
# the configure script is used with the corresponding options
# (-enable-exec-links and -enable-exec-scripts).
# See the Lynx source code distribution and the userdefs.h
# file for more detail on enabling execution links and scripts.
#
# If you have enabled execution links or scripts the following
# two variables control Lynx's action when an execution link
# or script is encountered.
#
# If LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ALWAYS_ON is set to TRUE any execution
# link or script will be executed no matter where it came from.
# This is EXTREMELY dangerous. Since Lynx can access files from
# anywhere in the world, you may encounter links or scripts that
# will cause damage or compromise the security of your system.
#
# If LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ON_BUT_NOT_REMOTE is set to TRUE only
# links or scripts that reside on the local machine and are
# referenced with a URL beginning with "file://localhost/" or meet
# TRUSTED_EXEC or ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC rules (see below) will be
# executed. This is much less dangerous than enabling all execution
# links, but can still be dangerous.
#
#LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ALWAYS_ON:FALSE
#LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ON_BUT_NOT_REMOTE:FALSE
.h2 TRUSTED_EXEC
# If LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINK_ON_BUT_NOT_REMOTE is TRUE, and no TRUSTED_EXEC
# rule is defined, it defaults to "file://localhost/" and any lynxexec
# or lynxprog command will be permitted if it was referenced from within
# a document whose URL begins with that string. If you wish to restrict the
# referencing URLs further, you can extend the string to include a trusted
# path. You also can specify a trusted directory for http URLs, which will
# then be treated as if they were local rather than remote. For example:
#
# TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/trusted/
# TRUSTED_EXEC:http://www.wfbr.edu/trusted/
#
# If you also wish to restrict the commands which can be executed, create
# a series of rules with the path (Unix) or command name (VMS) following
# the string, separated by a tab. For example:
#
# Unix:
# ====
# TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>/bin/cp
# TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>/bin/rm
# VMS:
# ===
# TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>copy
# TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>delete
#
# Once you specify a TRUSTED_EXEC referencing string, the default is
# replaced, and all the referencing strings you desire must be specified
# as a series. Similarly, if you associate a command with the referencing
# string, you must specify all of the allowable commands as a series of
# TRUSTED_EXEC rules for that string. If you specify ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC
# rules below, you need not repeat them as TRUSTED_EXEC rules.
#
# If EXEC_LINKS and JUMPFILE have been defined, any lynxexec or lynxprog
# URLs in that file will be permitted, regardless of other settings. If
# you also set LOCAL_EXECUTION_LINKS_ON_BUT_NOT_REMOTE:TRUE and a single
# TRUSTED_EXEC rule that will always fail (e.g., "none"), then *ONLY* the
# lynxexec or lynxprog URLs in JUMPFILE (and any ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC rules,
# see below) will be allowed. Note, however, that if Lynx was compiled with
# CAN_ANONYMOUS_JUMP set to FALSE (default is TRUE), or -restrictions=jump
# is included with the -anonymous switch at run time, then users of an
# anonymous account will not be able to access the jumps file or enter
# 'j'ump shortcuts, and this selective execution feature will be overridden
# as well (i.e., they will only be able to access lynxexec or lynxprog
# URLs which meet any ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC rules).
#
#TRUSTED_EXEC:none
.h2 ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC
# If EXEC_LINKS was defined, any lynxexec or lynxprog URL can be made
# always enabled by an ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC rule for it. This is useful for
# anonymous accounts in which you have disabled execution links generally,
# and may also have disabled jumps file links, but still want to allow
# execution of particular utility scripts or programs. The format is
# like that for TRUSTED_EXEC. For example:
#
# Unix:
# ====
# ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>/usr/local/kinetic/bin/usertime
# ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC:http://www.more.net/<tab>/usr/local/kinetic/bin/who.sh
# VMS:
# ===
# ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC:file://localhost/<tab>usertime
# ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC:http://www.more.net/<tab>show users
#
# The default ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC rule is "none".
#
#ALWAYS_TRUSTED_EXEC:none
.h2 TRUSTED_LYNXCGI
# Unix:
# =====
# TRUSTED_LYNXCGI rules define the permitted sources and/or paths for
# lynxcgi links (if LYNXCGI_LINKS is defined in userdefs.h). The format
# is the same as for TRUSTED_EXEC rules (see above). Example rules:
#
# TRUSTED_LYNXCGI:file://localhost/
# TRUSTED_LYNXCGI:<tab>/usr/local/etc/httpd/cgi-bin/
# TRUSTED_LYNXCGI:file://localhost/<tab>/usr/local/www/cgi-bin/
#
# VMS:
# ====
# Do not define this.
#
# The default TRUSTED_LYNXCGI rule is "none".
#
TRUSTED_LYNXCGI:none
.h2 LYNXCGI_ENVIRONMENT
# Unix:
# =====
# LYNXCGI_ENVIRONMENT adds the current value of the specified
# environment variable to the list of environment variables passed on to the
# lynxcgi script. Useful variables are HOME, USER, etc... If proxies
# are in use, and the script invokes another copy of lynx (or a program like
# wget) in a subsidiary role, it can be useful to add http_proxy and other
# *_proxy variables.
#
# VMS:
# ====
# Do not define this.
#
#LYNXCGI_ENVIRONMENT:
.h2 LYNXCGI_DOCUMENT_ROOT
# Unix:
# =====
# LYNXCGI_DOCUMENT_ROOT is the value of DOCUMENT_ROOT that will be passed
# to lynxcgi scripts. If set and the URL has PATH_INFO data, then
# PATH_TRANSLATED will also be generated. Examples:
# LYNXCGI_DOCUMENT_ROOT:/usr/local/etc/httpd/htdocs
# LYNXCGI_DOCUMENT_ROOT:/data/htdocs/
#
# VMS:
# ====
# Do not define this.
#
#LYNXCGI_DOCUMENT_ROOT:
Lynx 在这种情况下指的是哪种类型的脚本？它似乎不是 JavaScript（并且多个来源表明 Lynx 不支持它）。
CGI脚本不是主要在服务器端执行吗？
为什么像 Lynx 这样的网络浏览器会参与其中？
我正在尝试打开https://www.sec.gov/info/edgar/specifications/edgarfm-vol2-v60.pdf。
我的操作系统和火狐信息：
$ uname -a
Linux debian 5.10.0-20-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 5.10.158-2 (2022-12-13) x86_64 GNU/Linux
firefox -version
Mozilla Firefox 109.0.1
在火狐中显示
以镀铬显示
显示在边缘
出演歌剧
除 firefox 外，所有浏览器均无需任何特殊设置即可正确打开同一个 pdf 文件。如何在 firefox 中正确显示此 pdf？
使用 Manjaro / Arch linux，我想安装另一个浏览器。但是，无论我安装的是 Opera 还是 Chromium（通过 pacman），在执行它时（来自 Application Launcher 和 shell）总是会出错。
从我得到的外壳运行Chromium ：
$ chromium
[11452:11452:0914/225931.419271:ERROR:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(217)] Creating shared memory in /dev/shm/.org.chromium.Chromium.5FNz4h failed: Permission denied (13)
[11452:11452:0914/225931.419316:ERROR:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(220)] Unable to access(W_OK|X_OK) /dev/shm: Permission denied (13)
[11452:11452:0914/225931.419320:FATAL:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(222)] This is frequently caused by incorrect permissions on /dev/shm. Try 'sudo chmod 1777 /dev/shm' to fix.
[0914/225931.424145:ERROR:elf_dynamic_array_reader.h(64)] tag not found
[0914/225931.424372:ERROR:elf_dynamic_array_reader.h(64)] tag not found
[0914/225931.424389:ERROR:elf_dynamic_array_reader.h(64)] tag not found
zsh: trace trap (core dumped) chromium
Opera的类似错误：
$ opera
[11882:11882:0914/230407.927506:ERROR:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(217)] Creating shared memory in /dev/shm/.org.chromium.Chromium.VS4HRD failed: Permission denied (13)
[11882:11882:0914/230407.927725:ERROR:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(220)] Unable to access(W_OK|X_OK) /dev/shm: Permission denied (13)
[11882:11882:0914/230407.927735:FATAL:platform_shared_memory_region_posix.cc(222)] This is frequently caused by incorrect permissions on /dev/shm. Try 'sudo chmod 1777 /dev/shm' to fix.
Discarded=1
zsh: illegal hardware instruction (core dumped) opera
Discarded=1
然而，默认安装的 Firefox 运行良好（因此没有网络问题或此类问题）。我可以想象这是一个配置/安全问题（如 Apparmor 等）。
有任何想法吗？
我已经在我的 MX-Linux 上安装了 firefox 开发者版。当我尝试将 VS Code 的实时服务器配置为默认运行时，我失败了。我按照此链接进行设置，但最终它对我不起作用。
按照上述链接后，我在搜索栏中输入 config live server 后，将这行包含在 settings.json 文件中"liveServer.settings.AdvanceCustomBrowserCmdLine": "/usr/share/applications/firefox-developer.desktop"。但是，它不适合我。
我错过了什么吗？我知道我可以在该线程上添加评论，但我在 stackoverflow 上没有足够的声誉来评论任何内容。所以我不得不在这里发帖。
我希望任何人都可以帮助我。提前致谢。
我一直在阅读 Lynx 基于文本的浏览器的文档和示例配置，以了解如何将键映射到 Lynx 中的命令。我了解到空格键可以用于向下翻页，这与大多数主流浏览器（如 Chrome）中的行为相似。请参阅以下链接。
http://web.mit.edu/cygwin/cygwin_v1.3.2/usr/share/lynx_help/keystrokes/keystroke_help.html
我想映射“shift + 空格键”击键以复制 Lynx 中的向上翻页行为。我发现在 CFG 文件中映射键的语法是：KEYMAP:<KEYSTROKE>:<LYNX FUNCTION>. 请参阅以下链接。
https://lynx.invisible-island.net/lynx2.8.3/breakout/lynx.cfg
我还了解到插入符号“^”代表 Control 键。例如，KEYMAP:^A:HOME将 Ctrl-A 映射到 Lynx 中的 Home 命令，这会将光标移动到页面顶部。但是，我没有看到任何映射 shift 键的示例。如何在 Lynx 浏览器中映射“shift + 空格键”击键命令？
我一直在尝试在 youtube 上播放直播，但它根本不播放。它所说的一切都是浏览器不支持它（html5）。
那么为了能够玩它，缺少哪些包？
内核> 4.18.7（64 位）Opensuse thumbleweed Firefox 68.0.1
更新
感谢 Ned64，我发现这是与发行版（suse）相关的问题，它讨论了解决这里
的唯一方法
ありがとうございます
我在多个窗口（配置文件）中同时使用 Firefox 和 Google Chrome。
在例如终端或其他 GUI 应用程序中单击链接时，我想选择在哪个浏览器/窗口中加载 URL，而不是运行默认浏览器（例如 Firefox）。有谁知道这样的程序是否存在？
根据我的（有限）理解，我认为它应该替换默认浏览器并显示一个带有已知浏览器和/或链接应该委托给的活动窗口的弹出窗口。
如果找到这个答案，但它只是在寻找现有的进程，如果没有找到则启动一个默认的进程。
当我在浏览器（firefox 和 waterfox）上下载以下文件时：https://launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com/launcher/api/installer/download/EpicGamesLauncherInstaller.msi?productName=unrealengine. 它重定向到https://epicgames-download1.akamaized.net/Builds/UnrealEngineLauncher/Installers/Win32/EpicInstaller-7.14.2.msi?launcherfilename=EpicInstaller-7.14.2-unrealengine.msi然后下载文件。
但是，当我从 firefox 复制 curl 命令以便可以使用 curl 下载文件时，我从主机 AkamaiGHost 收到 403 Forbidden。我什至无法使用下载管理器程序下载它。
这是我复制的 curl 请求（来自 firefox devtools）：
curl "https://launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com/launcher/api/installer/download/EpicGamesLauncherInstaller.msi?productName=unrealengine" -H "User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:61.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/61.0" -H "Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8" -H "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5" --compressed -H "DNT: 1" -H "Connection: keep-alive" -H "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1"
当我启用 --verbose 和 --location （允许重定向）时，我从 curl 获得以下输出：
* STATE: INIT => CONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1407 (connection #-5000)
* Added connection 0. The cache now contains 1 members
* STATE: CONNECT => WAITRESOLVE handle 0x6000574d8; line 1443 (connection #0)
* Trying 35.169.251.130...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* STATE: WAITRESOLVE => WAITCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1524 (connection #0)
* Connected to launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com (35.169.251.130) port 443 (#0)
* STATE: WAITCONNECT => SENDPROTOCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1576 (connection #0)
* Marked for [keep alive]: HTTP default
* ALPN, offering h2
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* Cipher selection: ALL:!EXPORT:!EXPORT40:!EXPORT56:!aNULL:!LOW:!RC4:@STRENGTH
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: /usr/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
CApath: none
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS header, Certificate Status (22):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
* STATE: SENDPROTOCONNECT => PROTOCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1590 (connection #0)
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
* ALPN, server did not agree to a protocol
* Server certificate:
* subject: CN=*.ol.epicgames.com
* start date: Mar 12 00:00:00 2018 GMT
* expire date: Apr 12 12:00:00 2019 GMT
* subjectAltName: host "launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com" matched cert's "*.ol.epicgames.com"
* issuer: C=US; O=Amazon; OU=Server CA 1B; CN=Amazon
* SSL certificate verify ok.
* STATE: PROTOCONNECT => DO handle 0x6000574d8; line 1611 (connection #0)
> GET /launcher/api/installer/download/EpicGamesLauncherInstaller.msi?productName=unrealengine HTTP/1.1
> Host: launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com
> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip
> User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:61.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/61.0
> Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
> Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
> DNT: 1
> Connection: keep-alive
> Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
>
* STATE: DO => DO_DONE handle 0x6000574d8; line 1673 (connection #0)
* STATE: DO_DONE => WAITPERFORM handle 0x6000574d8; line 1800 (connection #0)
* STATE: WAITPERFORM => PERFORM handle 0x6000574d8; line 1815 (connection #0)
* HTTP 1.1 or later with persistent connection, pipelining supported
< HTTP/1.1 303 See Other
< Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2018 00:31:34 GMT
< Location: https://epicgames-download1.akamaized.net/Builds/UnrealEngineLauncher/Installers/Win32/EpicInstaller-7.14.2.msi?launcherfilename=EpicInstaller-7.14.2-unrealengine.msi
< X-Epic-Correlation-ID: 8cf2e9aa-2945-43f3-8489-ed8c1b4f832b
< Content-Length: 0
< Connection: keep-alive
<
* multi_done
* Connection #0 to host launcher-public-service-prod06.ol.epicgames.com left intact
* Issue another request to this URL: 'https://epicgames-download1.akamaized.net/Builds/UnrealEngineLauncher/Installers/Win32/EpicInstaller-7.14.2.msi?launcherfilename=EpicInstaller-7.14.2-unrealengine.msi'
* STATE: PERFORM => CONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1967 (connection #-5000)
* Added connection 1. The cache now contains 2 members
* STATE: CONNECT => WAITRESOLVE handle 0x6000574d8; line 1443 (connection #1)
* Trying 88.221.14.25...
* TCP_NODELAY set
* STATE: WAITRESOLVE => WAITCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1524 (connection #1)
* Connected to epicgames-download1.akamaized.net (88.221.14.25) port 443 (#1)
* STATE: WAITCONNECT => SENDPROTOCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1576 (connection #1)
* Marked for [keep alive]: HTTP default
* ALPN, offering h2
* ALPN, offering http/1.1
* Cipher selection: ALL:!EXPORT:!EXPORT40:!EXPORT56:!aNULL:!LOW:!RC4:@STRENGTH
* successfully set certificate verify locations:
* CAfile: /usr/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt
CApath: none
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS header, Certificate Status (22):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
* STATE: SENDPROTOCONNECT => PROTOCONNECT handle 0x6000574d8; line 1590 (connection #1)
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
* TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Client hello (1):
* TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
* SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
* ALPN, server accepted to use http/1.1
* Server certificate:
* subject: C=US; ST=Massachusetts; L=Cambridge; O=Akamai Technologies, Inc.; CN=a248.e.akamai.net
* start date: Jan 23 00:00:00 2018 GMT
* expire date: Jan 19 12:00:00 2019 GMT
* subjectAltName: host "epicgames-download1.akamaized.net" matched cert's "*.akamaized.net"
* issuer: C=US; O=DigiCert Inc; CN=DigiCert ECC Secure Server CA
* SSL certificate verify ok.
* STATE: PROTOCONNECT => DO handle 0x6000574d8; line 1611 (connection #1)
> GET /Builds/UnrealEngineLauncher/Installers/Win32/EpicInstaller-7.14.2.msi?launcherfilename=EpicInstaller-7.14.2-unrealengine.msi HTTP/1.1
> Host: epicgames-download1.akamaized.net
> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip
> User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:61.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/61.0
> Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8
> Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
> DNT: 1
> Connection: keep-alive
> Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
>
* STATE: DO => DO_DONE handle 0x6000574d8; line 1673 (connection #1)
* STATE: DO_DONE => WAITPERFORM handle 0x6000574d8; line 1800 (connection #1)
* STATE: WAITPERFORM => PERFORM handle 0x6000574d8; line 1815 (connection #1)
* HTTP 1.1 or later with persistent connection, pipelining supported
< HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden
* Server AkamaiGHost is not blacklisted
< Server: AkamaiGHost
< Mime-Version: 1.0
< Content-Type: text/html
< Content-Length: 391
< Expires: Wed, 15 Aug 2018 00:31:35 GMT
< Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2018 00:31:35 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
< Content-Disposition: filename=EpicInstaller-7.14.2-unrealengine.msi
<
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>Access Denied</TITLE>
</HEAD><BODY>
<H1>Access Denied</H1>
You don't have permission to access "http://epicgames-download1.akamaized.net/Builds/UnrealEngineLauncher/Installers/Win32/EpicInstaller-7.14.2.msi?" on this server.<P>
Reference #18.150edd58.1534293095.8f2cbe
</BODY>
</HTML>
* STATE: PERFORM => DONE handle 0x6000574d8; line 1986 (connection #1)
* multi_done
* Connection #1 to host epicgames-download1.akamaized.net left intact
* Expire cleared
出了什么问题？