如何从 Live CD 重建 NixOS 安装的配置？

Question

Keno

Asked: 2019-01-30 07:28:07 +0800 CST2019-01-30 07:28:07 +0800 CST 2019-01-30 07:28:07 +0800 CST

如何使现有 Nix 包中的二进制文件能够在另一个包中运行 shell 脚本？

772

我目前正在打包一个打印机驱动程序，它使用一个 shell 脚本作为 CUPS 过滤器。显然，CUPS 需要能够运行该脚本。但是，目前，它在尝试时给了我一个 exec 格式错误。shell 脚本以#!/bin/shshebang 开头。

包的以下代码将非常丑陋/hacky，因为我对 Nix 的了解非常基础，所以提前抱歉。如果您想提供改进建议，请继续，但我现在最关心的是如何让它工作。

with import <nixpkgs> {};

let
  srcs = {
    lpr-deb = fetchurl {
      url = "http://download.brother.com/welcome/dlf101620/mfc9332cdwlpr-1.1.3-0.i386.deb";
      sha256 = "0mmqcwpbw4dx2hqaxhnvm52jm84vq8c55xrixsvapxwrdbpkdcca";
      name = "mfc9332cdwlpr-1.1.3-0.i386.deb";
    };
    cupswrapper-deb = fetchurl {
      url = "http://download.brother.com/welcome/dlf101621/mfc9332cdwcupswrapper-1.1.4-0.i386.deb";
      sha256 = "1q9y90hdrgl80zwqk2vn7b1znjvf15l8q0zg868sv0by6rdq8r5w";
      name = "mfc9332cdwcupswrapper-1.1.4-0.i386.deb";
    };
  };
in stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
  name="brother-mfc9332cdw";
  rev = "1.1.4-0";

  buildInputs = [ pkgs.wget pkgs.dpkg pkgs.perl pkgs.bash ];

  unpackPhase = ''
    dpkg-deb -x ${srcs.lpr-deb} .
    dpkg-deb -x ${srcs.cupswrapper-deb} .
    '';

  dontBuild = true;

  installPhase = ''
    perl -i -pe 's#printcap\.local#printcap#g' opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/inf/setupPrintcapij
    cp -rf usr $out/
    cp -rf opt $out/
    mkdir -p $out/share/cups/model/Brother
    cp $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/cupswrapper/brother_mfc9332cdw_printer_en.ppd $out/share/cups/model/Brother
    chmod 644 $out/share/cups/model/Brother/brother_mfc9332cdw_printer_en.ppd
    cat $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/cupswrapper/cupswrappermfc9332cdw | sed -n "/ENDOFWFILTER/,/ENDOFWFILTER/p" | tail -n +2 | sed "$ d" > brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
    perl -i -pe 's#/usr/#$out/#g' brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw && perl -i -pe 's#/opt/#$out/opt/#g' brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
    cat <<!ENDOFWFILTER! > brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
      #!/bin/sh
      #
      # Copyright (C) 2005-2016 Brother. Industries, Ltd.
      #                                    Ver1.10

      # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
      # under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
      # Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
      # any later version.
      #
      # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
      # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
      # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
      # more details.
      #
      # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
      # this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
      # Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
      #

      LOGFILE="/dev/null"
      LOGLEVEL="1"
      LOGCLEVEL="7"
      DEBUG=0
      NUPENABLE=1
      LOG_LATESTONLY=1


      touch /tmp/mfc9332cdw_latest_print_info
      chmod 600 -R /tmp/mfc9332cdw_latest_print_info

      errorcode=0

      if [ \$DEBUG != 0 ]; then
          LOGFILE=/tmp/br_cupsfilter_debug_log
      fi

      PPDC=\`printenv | grep "PPD="\`
      PPDC=\`echo \$PPDC | sed -e 's/PPD=//'\`

      if [ "\$PPDC" = "" ]; then
          PPDC="$out/share/cups/model/Brother/brother_mfc9332cdw_printer_en.ppd"
      fi


      if [ \$LOGFILE != "/dev/null" ]; then
        if [ \$LOG_LATESTONLY == "1" ]; then
          rm -f \$LOGFILE
          date                                                           >\$LOGFILE
        else
          if [ -e \$LOGFILE ]; then
              date                                                        >>\$LOGFILE
          else
              date                                                        >\$LOGFILE
          fi
        fi
          echo "arg0 = \$0"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg1 = \$1"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg2 = \$2"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg3 = \$3"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg4 = \$4"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg5 = \$5"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "arg6 = \$6"                                           >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "PPD  = \$PPD"                                         >>\$LOGFILE
      fi

      cp  $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/inf/brmfc9332cdwrc  /tmp/brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$
      chmod 777 -R /tmp/brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$
      export BRPRINTERRCFILE=/tmp/brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$

      INPUT_TEMP_PS=\`mktemp /tmp/br_input_ps.XXXXXX\`

      nup="cat"
      if [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup='\`" != "" ] && [ \$NUPENABLE != 0 ]; then

          if   [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=64'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -64"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=32'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -32"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=25'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -25"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=16'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -16"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=8'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -8"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=6'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -6"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=4'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -4"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=2'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="psnup -2"
          elif [ "\`echo \$5 | grep 'Nup=1'\`" != "" ]; then
              nup="cat"
          fi
          echo   "NUP=\$nup"                                      >>\$LOGFILE
         if [ -e /usr/bin/psnup ]; then
             if [ \$# -ge 7 ]; then
                 cat \$6  | \$nup > \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
             else
                 cat       | \$nup > \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
             fi
         else
             if [ \$# -ge 7 ]; then
                 cp \$6  \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
             else
                 cat    > \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
             fi
         fi
      else
         if [ \$# -ge 7 ]; then
            cp \$6  \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
         else
            cat    > \$INPUT_TEMP_PS
         fi
      fi
      if [ -e "$out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/lpd/filtermfc9332cdw" ]; then
             :
      else
          echo "ERROR: /opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/lpd/filtermfc9332cdw does not exist"   >>\$LOGFILE
          echo "ERROR: /opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/lpd/filtermfc9332cdw does not exist"   >>/tmp/mfc9332cdw_latest_print_info
          errorcode=30
          exit
      fi

      CUPSOPTION=\`echo "\$5 Copies=1" | sed -e 's/BrMirror=OFF/MirrorPrint=OFF/' -e 's/BrMirror=ON/MirrorPrint=ON/' -e 's/BrChain/Chain/' -e 's/BrBrightness/Brightness/' -e 's/BrContrast/Contrast/' -e 's/BrHalfCut/HalfCut/' -e 's/BrAutoTapeCut/AutoCut/' -e 's/BrHalftonePattern/Halftone/' -e 's/Binary/Binary/' -e 's/Dither/Dither/' -e 's/ErrorDiffusion/ErrorDiffusion/' -e 's/BrSheets/Sheets/' -e 's/multiple-document-handling/Collate/' -e 's/separate-documents-collated-copies/ON/' -e 's/separate-documents-uncollated-copies/OFF/'\`
      if [ -e "$out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/cupswrapper/brcupsconfpt1" ]; then

        if [ \$DEBUG = 0 ]; then
           $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/cupswrapper/brcupsconfpt1  MFC9332CDW  \$PPDC 0 "\$CUPSOPTION" "mfc9332cdw" \$BRPRINTERRCFILE>> /dev/null
        else
           $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/cupswrapper/brcupsconfpt1  MFC9332CDW  \$PPDC \$LOGCLEVEL "\$CUPSOPTION" "mfc9332cdw" \$BRPRINTERRCFILE>>\$LOGFILE
        fi
      fi

      if [ \$DEBUG -lt 10 ]; then
          cat    \$INPUT_TEMP_PS | $out/opt/brother/Printers/mfc9332cdw/lpd/filtermfc9332cdw 
          echo brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$   > /tmp/mfc9332cdw_latest_print_info
          cat  /tmp/brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$  >> /tmp/mfc9332cdw_latest_print_info
          rm -f /tmp/brmfc9332cdwrc_\$$

          if [ \$LOGLEVEL -gt 2 ];  then
             if [ \$LOGFILE != "/dev/null" ]; then
               echo ""                                                >>\$LOGFILE
               echo "    ------PostScript Data-------"                >>\$LOGFILE
               cat    \$INPUT_TEMP_PS                                  >>\$LOGFILE
             fi
          fi
      fi
      rm -f  \$INPUT_TEMP_PS

      exit $errorcode
    !ENDOFWFILTER!
    chmod 755 brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
    mkdir -p $out/lib/cups/filter
    cp brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw $out/lib/cups/filter
    '';
}

我正在谈论的 bash 脚本是在 in 中设置cat的installPhase（我知道，非常抱歉，但这实际上只是他们在原始兄弟安装脚本中所做的修改版本，所以这是我的借口）。

此外，这是 CUPS 日志的相关部分：

Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: Started filter /nix/store/v0vlk9dni6kn077i3ilfkml4cr8w979b-cups-progs/lib/cups/filter/pdftopdf (PID 11799)
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: Started filter /nix/store/v0vlk9dni6kn077i3ilfkml4cr8w979b-cups-progs/lib/cups/filter/pdftops (PID 11800)
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: Started filter /nix/store/v0vlk9dni6kn077i3ilfkml4cr8w979b-cups-progs/lib/cups/filter/brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw (PID 11801)
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: Started backend /nix/store/v0vlk9dni6kn077i3ilfkml4cr8w979b-cups-progs/lib/cups/backend/lpd (PID 11802)
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: REQUEST localhost - - POST /printers/MFC9332CDW HTTP/1.1 200 127388 Send-Document successful-ok
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: execv failed: Exec format error
Jan 29 15:43:22 kenix-vaio cupsd[11674]: PID 11801 (/nix/store/v0vlk9dni6kn077i3ilfkml4cr8w979b-cups-progs/lib/cups/filter/brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw) stopped with status 108 (Exec format error)

1 个回答

Voted

roaima · Answer 1 · 2019-01-30T10:12:45+08:00

Best Answer

roaima

2019-01-30T10:12:45+08:002019-01-30T10:12:45+08:00

您错误地生成了过滤器脚本。每行（特别是第一行）都缩进两个空格。这意味着您的#!/bin/sh行实际上是..#!/bin/sh（我用点来表示空格），这意味着内核无法理解您的意思，从而产生exec format error.

您将所有内容缩进两个空格，所以我建议更改此行

cat <<!ENDOFWFILTER! > brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
...
!ENDOFWFILTER!

对于这个

sed 's/^  //' <<'!ENDOFWFILTER!' > brother_lpdwrapper_mfc9332cdw
...
!ENDOFWFILTER!

当您在那里时，引用的此处结束标记将确保您包含的此处文本也被引用，因此您无需$使用反斜杠转义和其他重要字符。

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