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Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2023-07-22 12:41:24 +0800 CST
  • 5

我在 Raspberry Pi 4 上安装了官方 Ubuntu Server 22.04 映像。我还在network-configSD 卡上的文件中配置了无线网络。

该文件由 cloud-init 转换为插入/etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml以下序言的文件：

# This file is generated from information provided by the datasource.  Changes
# to it will not persist across an instance reboot.  To disable cloud-init's
# network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}

我对这种说法持怀疑态度——如果我修改原始/boot/firmware/network-config文件，它不会导致50-cloud-init.yaml重新生成。

另一方面，cloud-init.service和cloud-config.service都仍然启用并且似乎在启动时运行。

netplan
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2023-07-15 03:51:23 +0800 CST
  • 6

如果我运行sudo systemctl tigervncserver@:2，服务器分段错误：

Xvnc TigerVNC 1.12.0 - built 2022-03-25 17:06
Copyright (C) 1999-2021 TigerVNC Team and many others (see README.rst)
See https://www.tigervnc.org for information on TigerVNC.
Underlying X server release 12101003, X.Org


Fri Jul 14 19:45:34 2023
 vncext:      VNC extension running!
 vncext:      Listening for VNC connections on local interface(s), port 5902
 vncext:      created VNC server for screen 0
[mi] mieq: warning: overriding existing handler (nil) with 0x56355e466400 for event 2
[mi] mieq: warning: overriding existing handler (nil) with 0x56355e466400 for event 3
3NI3X0 New Xtigervnc server 'myserver:2 (user2)' on port 5902 for display :2.
3NI3X0 Use xtigervncviewer -SecurityTypes VncAuth -passwd /home/user2/.vnc/passwd :2 to connect to the VNC server.
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
X connection to :2 broken (explicit kill or server shutdown).

该服务使用ExecStart=/usr/libexec/tigervncsession-start %i，所以如果我运行/usr/libexec/tigervncsession-start :2它应该表现类似，对吧？

但在这种情况下，它不会出现故障并且运行正常，这使得诊断变得困难。

vnc
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2023-07-15 02:35:08 +0800 CST
  • 6

在 Ubuntu 22.04 上，我使用 TigerVNC（通过软件包tigervnc-standalone-server）提供对无头服务器的远程桌面访问。

对于一名用户，tigervncserver服务退出且没有诊断消息：

$ sudo systemctl restart tigervncserver@:2
$ sudo systemctl status tigervncserver@:2
○ tigervncserver@:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: inactive (dead)

Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver tigervncsession[14835]: pam_unix(tigervnc:session): session opened for user user2(uid=1002) by (uid=0)
Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver systemd[1]: Started Remote desktop service (VNC).
Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver tigervncsession[14835]: tigervncsession: tigervncserver exited with status=1
Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver tigervncsession[14835]: pam_unix(tigervnc:session): session closed for user user2
Jul 14 18:31:53 myserver systemd[1]: tigervncserver@:2.service: Deactivated successfully.

即使tigervncserver以状态 1 退出，整体服务也不会显示为失败。

在 中~user2/.vnc/hostname:2.log，它看起来像是要求输入密码，但由于它作为服务运行且无法接收输入而失败：

You will require a password to access your desktops.

getpassword error: Inappropriate ioctl for device
Password:

我确实有一个~user2/.vnc/passwd文件，但奇怪的是，当服务尝试启动时它被删除了：

[pid 15789] unlink("/home/user2/.vnc/passwd") = 0
[pid 15789] write(1, "\nYou will require a password to "..., 55) = 55
vnc
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2022-11-29 21:50:54 +0800 CST
  • 5

我有一个最小的 Ubuntu 18.04 系统。我希望我的网络接口之一eth1在启动时自动启动并从 DHCP 获取 IP 地址。

我创建了/etc/network/interfaces.d/default包含：

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet dhcp

Hoevereth1不会在启动时启动。反而：

eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN group default qlen 1000

我可以运行sudo dhclient eth1，它出现并获得一个 IP。但是为什么这不会自动发生呢？

networking
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2021-10-06 18:08:32 +0800 CST
  • 0

我遵循了BuildYourOwnKernel指南并制作了

linux-image-unsigned-4.15.0-159-generic_4.15.0-159.167+custom_amd64.deb
linux-modules-4.15.0-159-generic_4.15.0-159.167+custom_amd64.deb
linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-159-generic_4.15.0-159.167+custom_amd64.deb
...etc...

现在我还想生产依赖于这些包的 、 、linux-generic等linux-headers-generic。linux-image-generic

作为提示，apt source linux-image-generic将我重定向到linux-meta它告诉我在 Git 上的位置：

NOTICE: 'linux-meta' packaging is maintained in the 'Git' version control system at:
git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux-meta/+git/bionic
Please use:
git clone git://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux-meta/+git/bionic
to retrieve the latest (possibly unreleased) updates to the package.
18.04
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2021-02-13 07:15:01 +0800 CST
  • 0

我正在尝试按照https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Kernel/BuildYourOwnKernel的说明构建 Ubuntu Bionic 内核 4.15.0-122-generic 。

它运行了很长一段时间，然后尝试下载一些现在丢失的 Nvidia 软件包，可能是因为其中发现了安全漏洞。

如何继续构建内核？我不需要 Nvidia 驱动程序，我可以以某种方式禁用它们吗？

II: dkms-build downloading nvidia-418srv (nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb)
II: fetching https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+archive/primary/+files/nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
grep: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/*.list: No such file or directory
II: fetching http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu//pool/restricted/n/nvidia-graphics-drivers-418-server/nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
II: fetching http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu//pool/main/n/nvidia-graphics-drivers-418-server/nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
II: fetching http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu//pool/restricted/n/nvidia-graphics-drivers-418-server/nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
II: fetching http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu//pool/main/n/nvidia-graphics-drivers-418-server/nvidia-kernel-source-418-server_418.181.07-0ubuntu0~0.18.04.1_amd64.deb
curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
EE: nvidia-kernel-source-418-server not found
debian/rules.d/2-binary-arch.mk:112: recipe for target 'install-generic' failed
make: *** [install-generic] Error 1
18.04
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2020-10-03 10:42:39 +0800 CST
  • 0

我有一个 Ubuntu 系统的可启动映像 (ISO)，但它本身不是安装程序。

我希望能够指示系统通过网络复制 ISO 并将其有效地复制dd到内部存储（覆盖以前存储在那里的任何内容），然后重新启动到其本地副本。

（我不想简单地通过网络从映像启动。）

我需要设置什么来实现这一目标？需要在目标系统上安装什么，例如 GRUB？

我的用例是我正在开发一个嵌入式系统并定期重新生成这些图像。当我有新版本的软件时，我希望能够轻松地刷新板载存储。没有什么需要坚持。

我正在寻找相当交钥匙的东西。我不需要复杂的可启动恢复映像菜单。我可以作为 Docker 容器部署到本地服务器的东西会很棒。

system-installation pxe foreman
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2020-09-15 07:28:05 +0800 CST
  • 2

我为 Raspberry Pi 4 安装了 Ubuntu 18.04.4，并带有一个network-config描述我的 Wi-Fi 网络的文件。此文件已自动复制到/etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml.

但是，RPi 没有自动连接到网络。

当我运行sudo netplan --debug apply它时，它确实连接了（下面的日志）。

但我想了解为什么它一开始不能自动工作，所以我不需要控制台访问来启动每个设备的网络连接。

** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.874: Processing input file /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml..
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: starting new processing pass
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: wlan0: adding wifi AP 'AccessPointA'
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: wlan0: adding wifi AP 'AccessPointB'
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: wlan0: setting default backend to 1
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: Configuration is valid
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: eth0: setting default backend to 1
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.875: Configuration is valid
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.876: Generating output files..
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.877: NetworkManager: definition eth0 is not for us (backend 1)
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.877: wlan0: Creating wpa_supplicant configuration file run/netplan/wpa-wlan0.conf
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.877: Creating wpa_supplicant service enablement link /run/systemd/system/systemd-networkd.service.wants/[email protected]
** (generate:1719): DEBUG: 18:47:11.878: NetworkManager: definition wlan0 is not for us (backend 1)
DEBUG:netplan generated networkd configuration changed, restarting networkd
DEBUG:no netplan generated NM configuration exists
DEBUG:eth0 not found in {}
DEBUG:wlan0 not found in {}
DEBUG:Merged config:
network:
  bonds: {}
  bridges: {}
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: true
      optional: true
  vlans: {}
  wifis:
    wlan0:
      access-points:
        AccessPointA:
          password: asdf
        AccessPointB:
          password: asdf
      dhcp4: true
      optional: true

DEBUG:Skipping non-physical interface: lo
DEBUG:{}
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for lo
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for eth0
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for wlan0

我确实看到了/var/log/cloud-init-output.log：

network_state.py[WARNING]: Wifi configuration is only available to distros withnetplan rendering support.

此消息似乎来自cloud-init 的这一部分。

networking raspberrypi netplan cloud-init
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2020-09-14 19:24:53 +0800 CST
  • 3

我将 Raspberry Pi 4 ( ) 的 Ubuntu 18.04.5 映像刷ubuntu-18.04.5-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi4.img到 SD 卡上，并通过 5V GPIO 引脚为我的 RPi4 供电。

启动时，它会到达这一点：

[    4.352613] random: fast init done
[    4.414200] mmc0: new ultra high speed DDR50 SDHC card at address aaaa
[    4.423077] mmcblk0: mmc0:aaaa SC32G 29.7 GiB
[    4.431244] mmc1: new high speed SDIO card at address 0001
[    4.437267]  mmcblk0: p1 p2

然后在打印之前有 24 秒的暂停：

[   28.006460] rcu: INFO: rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
[   28.012484] rcu:     1-...0: (7 ticks this GP) idle=1d6/1/0x4000000000000000 softirq=80/81 fqs=7 
[   28.021231]  (detected by 3, t=5893 jiffies, g=-379, q=2)
[   28.026710] Task dump for CPU 1:
[   28.029984] swapper/0       R  running task        0     1      0 0x0000002a
[   28.037143] Call trace:
[   28.039636]  __switch_to+0xcc/0x208
[   28.043179]  console_unlock+0x4f8/0x600
[   28.047076] rcu: rcu_sched kthread starved for 1001 jiffies! g-379 f0x0 RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS(5) ->state=0x402 ->cpu=3
[   28.057405] rcu: RCU grace-period kthread stack dump:
[   28.062529] rcu_sched       I    0    10      2 0x00000028
[   28.068098] Call trace:
[   28.070580]  __switch_to+0xcc/0x208
[   28.074123]  __schedule+0x2c4/0x7b0
[   28.077663]  schedule+0x38/0xa8
[   28.080851]  schedule_timeout+0x1a0/0x378
[   28.084920]  rcu_gp_kthread+0x688/0xa10
[   28.088813]  kthread+0x124/0x128
[   28.092089]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x1c

再过一分钟左右，它会打印出类似的痕迹：

[   92.006458] rcu: INFO: rcu_sched detected stalls on CPUs/tasks:
[   92.012475] rcu:     1-...0: (7 ticks this GP) idle=1d6/1/0x4000000000000000 softirq=80/81 fqs=23 
[   92.021308]  (detected by 3, t=21893 jiffies, g=-379, q=2)
[   92.026874] Task dump for CPU 1:
[   92.030147] swapper/0       R  running task        0     1      0 0x0000002a
[   92.037304] Call trace:
[   92.039788]  __switch_to+0xcc/0x208
[   92.043328]  console_unlock+0x4f8/0x600
[   92.047223] rcu: rcu_sched kthread starved for 1001 jiffies! g-379 f0x0 RCU_GP_WAIT_FQS(5) ->state=0x402 ->cpu=3
[   92.057552] rcu: RCU grace-period kthread stack dump:
[   92.062675] rcu_sched       I    0    10      2 0x00000028
[   92.068242] Call trace:
[   92.070726]  __switch_to+0xcc/0x208
[   92.074265]  __schedule+0x2c4/0x7b0
[   92.077804]  schedule+0x38/0xa8
[   92.080991]  schedule_timeout+0x1a0/0x378
[   92.085060]  rcu_gp_kthread+0x688/0xa10
[   92.088952]  kthread+0x124/0x128
[   92.092227]  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x1c

等等，大约每分钟。

我没有收到控制台登录提示，也没有我期望的与引导相关的消息。

如何进一步诊断此问题？

boot raspberrypi
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2020-03-31 20:41:43 +0800 CST
  • 2

我正在使用 Ubuntu Server 18.04（仿生）。如何从命令行判断我连接到哪个 wi-fi 网络？

理想情况下，我希望能够在不安装任何新软件包的情况下这样做。我不相信存在的许多用于管理 Wi-Fi 网络的可安装工具是否被认为是此版本 Ubuntu 的最佳实践。我还担心一些新工具决定接管我的网络接口的管理，否则它工作得很好。

networking wireless
Martin Hope
rgov
Asked: 2019-02-27 11:52:19 +0800 CST
  • 6

我在设置 Ubuntu Server 18.10 时通过 snap 安装了 Docker。

如果我有一个引用该docker命令的 systemd 单元文件，我会收到以下错误：

Executable "docker" not found in path "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"

我不确定它在哪里得到这个搜索路径。它与 /etc/environment 中的内容不匹配。

在不修改单元文件的情况下，我可以将 systemd 使用的搜索路径全局更改为 include/snap/bin吗？

在 Ubuntu 18.04 系统上，仅使用docker没有完整路径会导致错误Executable path is not absolute。理想情况下，我希望同一个服务文件同时使用 snap 的 Docker 和 apt 的 docker-ce 包。

systemd snap