mark's questions

$ df -kh
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            7,8G     0  7,8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           1,6G   19M  1,6G   2% /run
/dev/sda2       622G  227G  364G  39% /
tmpfs           7,8G  1,1G  6,7G  14% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5,0M  4,0K  5,0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs           7,8G     0  7,8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/loop1      143M  143M     0 100% /snap/inkscape/2527
/dev/loop3       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1441
/dev/loop0       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1577
/dev/loop4       79M   79M     0 100% /snap/core/1512
/dev/loop2       62M   62M     0 100% /snap/pencilsheep/5
tmpfs           1,6G   92K  1,6G   1% /run/user/1000

这些/dev/loop设备文件是什么？我的 RAM 总是满的。这有关系吗？

vegan@vegan:~$ sudo apt-get update 
Hit:1 http://ppa.launchpad.net/fish-shell/release-2/ubuntu xenial InRelease 
Ign:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome-remote-desktop/deb stable InRelease                     
Ign:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise InRelease
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security InRelease [55,7 kB] 
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates InRelease [55,7 kB]                               
Ign:6 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                    
Hit:7 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_6.x xenial InRelease             
Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports InRelease     
Get:9 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome-remote-desktop/deb stable Release [1.187 B] 
Get:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise Release [49,6 kB]                    
Get:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise Release.gpg [198 B]           
Hit:12 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release            
Get:13 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome-remote-desktop/deb stable Release.gpg [916 B] Fetched 162 kB in 0s (187 kB/s)                    
Reading package lists... Error! 
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1) 
W: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1) 
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1) 
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1) 
E: Unable to parse package file /var/lib/apt/lists/dl.google.com_linux_chrome-remote-desktop_deb_dists_stable_main_binary-amd64_Packages (1) 
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems 
E: The package cache file is corrupted

但是对于升级，没有错误

vegan@vegan:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
[sudo] password for vegan: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  rlwrap
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following packages have been kept back:
  tzdata-java
The following packages will be upgraded:
  firefox firefox-locale-en google-chrome-stable nodejs
4 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 114 MB of archives.
After this operation, 98,3 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security/main amd64 firefox amd64 52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [55,5 MB]
Get:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64 google-chrome-stable amd64 57.0.2987.110-1 [47,3 MB]
Get:3 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_6.x xenial/main amd64 nodejs amd64 6.10.1-1nodesource1~xenial1 [10,0 MB]
Get:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security/main amd64 firefox-locale-en amd64 52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 [766 kB]                                                                          
Fetched 114 MB in 1min 3s (1.800 kB/s)                                                                                                                                                                       
(Reading database ... 293152 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../google-chrome-stable_57.0.2987.110-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking google-chrome-stable (57.0.2987.110-1) over (57.0.2987.98-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../firefox_52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking firefox (52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) over (52.0+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../firefox-locale-en_52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking firefox-locale-en (52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) over (52.0+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../nodejs_6.10.1-1nodesource1~xenial1_amd64.deb ...
Detected old npm client, removing...
Unpacking nodejs (6.10.1-1nodesource1~xenial1) over (6.10.0-1nodesource1~xenial1) ...
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.3~bzr0+16.04.20160824-0ubuntu1) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6ubuntu3.1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu5) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.59ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.5-1) ...
Setting up google-chrome-stable (57.0.2987.110-1) ...
Setting up firefox (52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...
Please restart all running instances of firefox, or you will experience problems.
Setting up firefox-locale-en (52.0.1+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1) ...
Setting up nodejs (6.10.1-1nodesource1~xenial1) ...

这是在 Ubuntu 16.04 上。

我的软件：

>  failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 skype:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.3.6-6~) but it is not installed
              Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.7) but it is not installed
              Depends: libgcc1:i386 (>= 1:4.1.1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-dbus:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-network:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-xml:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.7.0~beta1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtgui4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtwebkit4:i386 (>= 2.2~2011week36) but it is not installed
              Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 4.2.1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libx11-6:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxext6:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxss1:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxv1:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libssl1.0.0:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libpulse0:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libasound2-plugins:i386 but it is not installed
              Recommends: sni-qt:i386 but it is not installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

我无法安装Skype，也无法删除。

vegan@vegan:~$ sudo apt-get -f install 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... failed.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 skype:i386 : Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.3.6-6~) but it is not installed
              Depends: libc6:i386 (>= 2.7) but it is not installed
              Depends: libgcc1:i386 (>= 1:4.1.1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-dbus:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-network:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqt4-xml:i386 (>= 4:4.5.3) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtcore4:i386 (>= 4:4.7.0~beta1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtgui4:i386 (>= 4:4.8.0) but it is not installed
              Depends: libqtwebkit4:i386 (>= 2.2~2011week36) but it is not installed
              Depends: libstdc++6:i386 (>= 4.2.1) but it is not installed
              Depends: libx11-6:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxext6:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxss1:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libxv1:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libssl1.0.0:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libpulse0:i386 but it is not installed
              Depends: libasound2-plugins:i386 but it is not installed
              Recommends: sni-qt:i386 but it is not installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.
E: Unable to correct dependencies

我的 ubuntu 16.04 skype 是 skype-ubuntu-precise_4.3.0.37-1_i386.deb

vegan@vegan:~$ yo -v
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/git.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser-beta.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/notepadqq-team-ubuntu-notepadqq-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/opera-stable.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/justinludwig-ubuntu-tzdata-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/maarten-baert-ubuntu-simplescreenrecorder-xenial.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list'
WARNING:root:could not open file '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/slack.list'
yo: command not found

那些来自update.

vegan@vegan:~$ sudo apt-get update
Ign:1 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Ign:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise InRelease
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security InRelease [55,7 kB]
Hit:4 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release                     
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates InRelease [55,7 kB]       
Hit:6 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_5.x xenial InRelease                       
Hit:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports InRelease               
Hit:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise Release
Fetched 111 kB in 0s (115 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
W: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-security/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-updates/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise-backports/InRelease: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
W: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/precise/Release.gpg: Signature by key 630239CC130E1A7FD81A27B140976EAF437D05B5 uses weak digest algorithm (SHA1)
vegan@vegan:~$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  tzdata-java
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

这是/etc/apt/sources.list：

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe restricted multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe main multiverse restricted

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe main multiverse restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports universe main multiverse restricted

# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner

# deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
# deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

这也是

    vegan@vegan:~$ ls -l /etc/apt/sources.list.d
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/git.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/opera-stable.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/git.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser-beta.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser-beta.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/yandex-browser.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/google-chrome.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/notepadqq-team-ubuntu-notepadqq-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/midori-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/maarten-baert-ubuntu-simplescreenrecorder-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/opera-stable.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/justinludwig-ubuntu-tzdata-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/slack.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/notepadqq-team-ubuntu-notepadqq-xenial.list.save': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/justinludwig-ubuntu-tzdata-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/maarten-baert-ubuntu-simplescreenrecorder-xenial.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list': Permission denied
ls: cannot access '/etc/apt/sources.list.d/slack.list': Permission denied
total 0
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? apandada1-ubuntu-brightness-controller-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? docker.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? docker.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? git.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? git.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? google-chrome.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? google-chrome.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? justinludwig-ubuntu-tzdata-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? justinludwig-ubuntu-tzdata-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? maarten-baert-ubuntu-simplescreenrecorder-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? maarten-baert-ubuntu-simplescreenrecorder-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? midori-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? midori-ubuntu-ppa-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? nodesource.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? nodesource.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? notepadqq-team-ubuntu-notepadqq-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? notepadqq-team-ubuntu-notepadqq-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? opera-stable.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? opera-stable.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? slack.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? slack.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? webupd8team-ubuntu-java-xenial.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? yandex-browser-beta.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? yandex-browser-beta.list.save
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? yandex-browser.list
-????????? ? ? ? ?            ? yandex-browser.list.save

还

vegan@vegan:~$ ls -l /etc/apt
total 92
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Oca 18 10:14 apt.conf.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2144 Şub 18  2016 apt-file.conf
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Nis 14  2016 preferences.d
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   668 Oca 29 17:52 sources.list
drw-r--r-- 2 root root  4096 Oca 25 15:22 sources.list.d
-rw-rw-r-- 1 root root  2979 Oca  2 09:37 sources.list.save
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31967 Oca 18 09:59 trusted.gpg
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31594 Kas 30 10:23 trusted.gpg~
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Oca  2 09:37 trusted.gpg.d

我安装了 16.04。我使用 ubuntu live cd 通过划分根分区来分配新空间。

现在我把Windows USB，从它启动，但它可以看到我的闪存但不能启动到Windows。我用了所有的usb插槽

正如您在图片中看到的，我的根驱动器中似乎仍然有 800 GB，但我在 Ubuntu live OS 中划分了它？为什么不适用？

因为我将在 Windows 10 中使用它。所以，离线更好。

http://steamcommunity.com/discussions/forum/1/864978762464682676/？

他们说在这里下载，安装然后你可以移动安装的文件。但我现在在Ubuntu。我不能直接下载到 Windows，因为它是家里的台式机，现在我在学校的笔记本电脑上。

我怎样才能转换那个文件或者我能做什么？