我安装了 Ubuntu 16.04，它只能在 GRUB（新贵）的高级选项下正确启动。我知道您可以从 grub 菜单中对引导选项的顺序进行排序，默认为 0，但在这种情况下我需要选择一个高级选项。有谁知道我可以如何设置高级选项，即它们是如何编号的？
对于某些背景，我这样做是为了可以从无法选择 grub 选项的远程 shell 重新启动。
任何帮助表示赞赏。
我将我的根（不包括家庭）移动到一个新的 SSD 分区，当我启动时，我可以选择使用它。很明显我现在在这个新系统上，因为我的系统速度更快，但是 df 命令显示 / (root) 在旧分区上。
gparted 显示旧的和新的都是 / (root)
到底是怎么回事？明确的目标是将 sda1 作为根。
下面是相关设备的 lsblk 输出：
NAME MOUNTPOINT LABEL SIZE FSTYPE UUID
fd0 4K
sda 119.2G
├─sda1 24.4G ext4 7ade9c23-ed72-4ccc-86e5-b7cb24b97443
└─sda2 2M
sdb 931.5G
├─sdb1 /home 906.6G ext4 813bd658-c034-4a51-a6bb-c91190aa3f43
├─sdb4 / 20.3G ext4 ff5e5435-bfe8-465f-b94a-2857b97238ea
└─sdb5 [SWAP] 4.6G swap d10c3755-2b76-4955-8267-da95996b7c30
sdc 149.1G
└─sdc1 /media/backup 149.1G ext4 73e5eb4d-936e-487c-9bb9-df96fea192cf
sdf 297.4G
└─sdf1 JESSE HD 297.4G exfat 555E-4A38
sr0 668M
Model: ATA ADATA SU800 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 128GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
2 1049kB 3146kB 2097kB bios_grub
1 3146kB 26.2GB 26.2GB ext4 boot, esp
Model: ATA ST1000DM003-1CH1 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
4 1049kB 21.7GB 21.7GB primary ext4
1 21.7GB 995GB 973GB primary ext4
2 995GB 1000GB 4975MB extended
5 995GB 1000GB 4974MB logical linux-swap(v1)
我只能通过首先从我的 live USB 启动并在 grub 中更改启动驱动器来启动到 Ubuntu。即，不是从硬盘安装。引导后通过更改 BIOS 中的磁盘优先级重新引导是完美的。
在这个问题的整个历史过程中，我遇到了各种错误：Out of disk，“未知文件系统”（我当前的错误）。我尝试通过重新安装 GRUB、使用boot-repair重新安装 GRUB 和其他几种方法来修复它，但没有结果。感谢上帝，您不需要经常关闭 Ubuntu。
下面是结果fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000c76a2
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 42457088 1943748607 950645760 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 1943805952 1953523711 4858880 5 Extended
/dev/sda4 * 2048 42457087 21227520 83 Linux
/dev/sda5 1943808000 1953523711 4857856 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0006738d
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 312580095 156289024 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 319.4 GB, 319370035200 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38827 cylinders, total 623769600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x38040c41
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 2 623769599 311884799 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
Disk /dev/sde: 32.0 GB, 32016171008 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62531584 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 32 62531583 31265776 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ ^C
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x000c76a2
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda1 42457088 1943748607 950645760 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sda1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda2 1943805952 1953523711 4858880 5 Extended
bash: /dev/sda2: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda4 * 2048 42457087 21227520 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sda4: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sda5 1943808000 1953523711 4857856 82 Linux swap / Solaris
bash: /dev/sda5: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Partition table entries are not in disk order
Partition: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x0006738d
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sdb1 2048 312580095 156289024 83 Linux
bash: /dev/sdb1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sdc: 319.4 GB, 319370035200 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38827 cylinders, total 623769600 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0x38040c41
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sdc1 2 623769599 311884799 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
bash: /dev/sdc1: Permission denied
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk /dev/sde: 32.0 GB, 32016171008 bytes
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3892 cylinders, total 62531584 sectors
255: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
No command 'Units' found, did you mean:
Command 'units' from package 'units' (universe)
Units: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Disk identifier: 0xc3072e18
No command 'Disk' found, did you mean:
Command 'risk' from package 'xfrisk' (universe)
Disk: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Device: command not found
jesse@jesse-P35-DS3R:~$ /dev/sde1 32 62531583 31265776 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
