在 18.04 中，我可以使用 gnome-tweaks 来交换 Control 和 Caps-Lock 键，并且它在挂起/恢复和重新启动之后仍然存在。现在，在 20.04 中它不会持续存在。即使挂起也会将其清除。
关于该主题的大多数相关问题都已过时。
我正在清理 emacs 部件，以安装我自己的部件（因为 emacs 25 已经很旧了）。有一个可笑的依赖项列表会随它一起被卸载。事实上，它会卸载和重新安装一些软件包。Gnome、X 服务器等都依赖 emacsen-common？真的吗？
$ sudo apt-get -s purge emacsen-common
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
apg apturl-common docutils-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common gedit-common gir1.2-accountsservice-1.0 gir1.2-clutter-1.0 gir1.2-cogl-1.0
gir1.2-coglpango-1.0 gir1.2-gck-1 gir1.2-gcr-3 gir1.2-gdm-1.0 gir1.2-geoclue-2.0 gir1.2-gnomebluetooth-1.0 gir1.2-gtksource-3.0 gir1.2-gweather-3.0
gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-json-1.0 gir1.2-mutter-2 gir1.2-nm-1.0 gir1.2-nma-1.0 gir1.2-rb-3.0 gir1.2-upowerglib-1.0 gjs gkbd-capplet gnome-control-center-faces
gnome-software-common gnome-themes-extra gnome-themes-extra-data gnome-todo-common libappstream-glib8 libcamel-1.2-61 libcolord-gtk1 libdazzle-1.0-0 libdmapsharing-3.0-2
libebackend-1.2-10 libebook-1.2-19 libebook-contacts-1.2-2 libecal-1.2-19 libedata-book-1.2-25 libedata-cal-1.2-28 libedataserver-1.2-23 libgjs0g libgnome-todo
libgnomekbd-common libgnomekbd8 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgspell-1-common libgtop-2.0-11 libgtop2-common libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libmetacity1 libmozjs-52-0
libphonenumber7 libprotobuf10 libsgutils2-2 libsysmetrics1 libwhoopsie-preferences0 libxatracker2 libxfont2 libxklavier16 libxvmc1 metacity-common
mobile-broadband-provider-info network-manager-gnome python3-docutils python3-html5lib python3-macaroonbakery python3-mako python3-markdown python3-markups
python3-markupsafe python3-nacl python3-protobuf python3-pygments python3-pymacaroons python3-rfc3339 python3-roman python3-textile python3-tz python3-webencodings
shotwell-common ubuntu-system-service update-notifier-common whoopsie-preferences x11-xkb-utils xfonts-base xfonts-encodings xfonts-scalable xfonts-utils xinput
xserver-common xserver-xephyr xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-libinput xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-legacy
xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-amdgpu xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-fbdev xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-qxl
xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware xwayland yelp-xsl zenity-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
apt-clone apt-config-icons-hidpi apt-config-icons-large apt-config-icons-large-hidpi apt-xapian-index archdetect-deb baloo-kf5 bluedevil breeze breeze-cursor-theme
breeze-gtk-theme breeze-icon-theme btrfs-tools catdoc cryptsetup cryptsetup-bin dmraid docbook-xml docbook-xsl drkonqi fonts-hack fonts-hack-ttf fonts-noto
fonts-noto-hinted fonts-noto-unhinted fonts-oxygen frameworkintegration ieee-data kactivities-bin kactivitymanagerd kde-cli-tools kde-cli-tools-data kde-config-gtk-style
kde-config-screenlocker kde-config-sddm kde-style-breeze kde-style-breeze-qt4 kde-style-oxygen-qt5 kde-window-manager kded5 kdelibs5-data kdoctools5 kgamma5 khelpcenter
khotkeys khotkeys-data kinfocenter kinit kio kio-extras kio-extras-data kmenuedit kpackagelauncherqml kpackagetool5 kpartx kpartx-boot kscreen ksshaskpass ksysguard
ksysguard-data ksysguardd ktexteditor-data ktexteditor-katepart kwalletmanager kwayland-data kwayland-integration kwin-common kwin-data kwin-style-breeze kwin-x11 kwrited
libappstreamqt2 libaribb24-0 libattica0.4 libbasicusageenvironment1 libcddb2 libcln6 libcolorcorrect5 libdbusmenu-qt2 libdbusmenu-qt5-2 libdca0 libdebian-installer4
libdlrestrictions1 libdmraid1.0.0.rc16 libdmtx0a libdvbpsi10 libebml4v5 libeditorconfig0 libepub0 libfaad2 libfam0 libgit2-26 libgps23 libgrantlee-templates5 libgroupsock8
libhfstospell9 libhttp-parser2.7.1 libjs-underscore libkate1 libkdecorations2-5v5 libkdecorations2private5v5 libkdecore5 libkdeui5 libkf5activities5 libkf5activitiesstats1
libkf5archive5 libkf5attica5 libkf5auth-data libkf5auth5 libkf5baloo5 libkf5balooengine5 libkf5bluezqt-data libkf5bluezqt6 libkf5bookmarks-data libkf5bookmarks5
libkf5calendarevents5 libkf5codecs-data libkf5codecs5 libkf5completion-data libkf5completion5 libkf5config-bin libkf5config-data libkf5configcore5 libkf5configgui5
libkf5configwidgets-data libkf5configwidgets5 libkf5coreaddons-data libkf5coreaddons5 libkf5crash5 libkf5dbusaddons-bin libkf5dbusaddons-data libkf5dbusaddons5
libkf5declarative-data libkf5declarative5 libkf5dnssd-data libkf5dnssd5 libkf5doctools5 libkf5emoticons-bin libkf5emoticons-data libkf5emoticons5 libkf5filemetadata-bin
libkf5filemetadata-data libkf5filemetadata3 libkf5globalaccel-bin libkf5globalaccel-data libkf5globalaccel5 libkf5globalaccelprivate5 libkf5guiaddons5 libkf5holidays-data
libkf5holidays5 libkf5i18n-data libkf5i18n5 libkf5iconthemes-bin libkf5iconthemes-data libkf5iconthemes5 libkf5idletime5 libkf5itemmodels5 libkf5itemviews-data
libkf5itemviews5 libkf5jobwidgets-data libkf5jobwidgets5 libkf5js5 libkf5jsembed-data libkf5jsembed5 libkf5kcmutils-data libkf5kcmutils5 libkf5kdelibs4support-data
libkf5kdelibs4support5 libkf5kdelibs4support5-bin libkf5khtml-bin libkf5khtml-data libkf5khtml5 libkf5kiocore5 libkf5kiofilewidgets5 libkf5kiogui5 libkf5kiontlm5
libkf5kiowidgets5 libkf5kirigami2-5 libkf5networkmanagerqt6 libkf5newstuff-data libkf5newstuff5 libkf5newstuffcore5 libkf5notifications-data libkf5notifications5
libkf5notifyconfig-data libkf5notifyconfig5 libkf5package-data libkf5package5 libkf5parts-data libkf5parts-plugins libkf5parts5 libkf5people-data libkf5people5
libkf5peoplebackend5 libkf5peoplewidgets5 libkf5plasma5 libkf5plasmaquick5 libkf5prison5 libkf5pty-data libkf5pty5 libkf5quickaddons5 libkf5runner5 libkf5screen-bin
libkf5screen7 libkf5service-bin libkf5service-data libkf5service5 libkf5solid5 libkf5solid5-data libkf5sonnet5-data libkf5sonnetcore5 libkf5sonnetui5 libkf5style5
libkf5su-bin libkf5su-data libkf5su5 libkf5syntaxhighlighting-data libkf5syntaxhighlighting5 libkf5sysguard-bin libkf5sysguard-data libkf5texteditor5
libkf5texteditor5-libjs-underscore libkf5textwidgets-data libkf5textwidgets5 libkf5threadweaver5 libkf5wallet-bin libkf5wallet-data libkf5wallet5 libkf5waylandclient5
libkf5waylandserver5 libkf5widgetsaddons-data libkf5widgetsaddons5 libkf5windowsystem-data libkf5windowsystem5 libkf5xmlgui-bin libkf5xmlgui-data libkf5xmlgui5
libkf5xmlrpcclient-data libkf5xmlrpcclient5 libkfontinst5 libkfontinstui5 libkscreenlocker5 libksgrd7 libksignalplotter7 libkwalletbackend5-5 libkwin4-effect-builtins1
libkwineffects11 libkwinglutils11 libkwinxrenderutils11 libkworkspace5-5 liblivemedia62 liblmdb0 libmatroska6v5 libmicrodns0 libmpcdec6 libnfs11 libopenmpt-modplug1
liboxygenstyle5-5 liboxygenstyleconfig5-5 libpackagekitqt5-1 libpam-kwallet-common libpam-kwallet5 libphonon4qt5-4 libplacebo4 libplasma-geolocation-interface5
libpolkit-qt5-1-1 libpoppler-qt5-1 libpowerdevilcore2 libpowerdevilui5 libprocesscore7 libprocessui7 libprotobuf-lite10 libproxy-tools libqalculate6 libqalculate6-data
libqapt3 libqapt3-runtime libqrencode3 libqt4-svg libqt5multimediaquick-p5 libqt5quickcontrols2-5 libqt5quicktemplates2-5 libqt5texttospeech5 libqt5waylandclient5
libqt5waylandcompositor5 libresid-builder0c2a libscim8v5 libsdl-image1.2 libsidplay2 libtaskmanager6 libupnp6 libusageenvironment3 libva-wayland2 libvlc-bin libvlc5
libvlccore9 libvoikko1 libweather-ion7 libxcb-composite0 libxcb-cursor0 libxcb-damage0 libxcb-dpms0 libxcb-record0 libxml2-utils libzip4 milou oxygen-sounds phonon4qt5
phonon4qt5-backend-vlc plasma-desktop plasma-desktop-data plasma-discover plasma-discover-common plasma-framework plasma-integration
plasma-look-and-feel-org-kde-breezedark-desktop plasma-pa plasma-workspace polkit-kde-agent-1 powerdevil powerdevil-data pulseaudio-module-gconf python3-dbus.mainloop.pyqt5
python3-icu python3-pam python3-pyqt5.qtsvg python3-xapian qapt-batch qdbus-qt5 qml-module-org-kde-activities qml-module-org-kde-bluezqt qml-module-org-kde-draganddrop
qml-module-org-kde-extensionplugin qml-module-org-kde-kcm qml-module-org-kde-kconfig qml-module-org-kde-kcoreaddons qml-module-org-kde-kholidays qml-module-org-kde-kio
qml-module-org-kde-kirigami2 qml-module-org-kde-kquickcontrols qml-module-org-kde-kquickcontrolsaddons qml-module-org-kde-kwindowsystem qml-module-org-kde-newstuff
qml-module-org-kde-qqc2desktopstyle qml-module-org-kde-runnermodel qml-module-org-kde-solid qml-module-qt-labs-folderlistmodel qml-module-qt-labs-settings
qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects qml-module-qtmultimedia qml-module-qtqml-models2 qml-module-qtquick-controls qml-module-qtquick-controls-styles-breeze
qml-module-qtquick-controls2 qml-module-qtquick-dialogs qml-module-qtquick-layouts qml-module-qtquick-privatewidgets qml-module-qtquick-templates2
qml-module-qtquick-virtualkeyboard qml-module-qtquick-window2 qml-module-qtquick2 qtvirtualkeyboard-plugin qtwayland5 rdate sgml-data sni-qt socat software-properties-kde
sonnet-plugins systemsettings ubiquity ubiquity-casper ubiquity-frontend-kde ubiquity-ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-release-upgrader-qt user-manager vlc-data vlc-plugin-base
vlc-plugin-video-output
Suggested packages:
app-install-data keyutils docbook docbook-dsssl docbook-defguide dbtoepub docbook-xsl-doc-html | docbook-xsl-doc-pdf | docbook-xsl-doc-text | docbook-xsl-doc
docbook-xsl-saxon fop libsaxon-java libxalan2-java libxslthl-java xalan kde-config-gtk-style-preview kwin-addons pi fam gpsd hspell voikko-fi phonon4qt5-backend-gstreamer
python3-pam-dbg xapian-doc perlsgml w3-recs opensp libdvdcss2
The following packages will be REMOVED:
apturl* aspell* aspell-en* chrome-gnome-shell* deja-dup* dictionaries-common* emacsen-common* enchant* gdm3* gedit* gir1.2-webkit2-4.0* gnome-calendar*
gnome-control-center* gnome-getting-started-docs* gnome-initial-setup* gnome-online-accounts* gnome-shell* gnome-shell-extensions* gnome-software*
gnome-software-plugin-snap* gnome-todo* gnome-user-docs* gnome-user-guide* hunspell-en-au* hunspell-en-ca* hunspell-en-gb* hunspell-en-us* hunspell-en-za* hyphen-en-ca*
hyphen-en-gb* hyphen-en-us* libedataserverui-1.2-2* libenchant1c2a* libgoa-backend-1.0-1* libgspell-1-1* libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37* libyelp0* metacity* mutter* mythes-en-au*
mythes-en-us* nautilus-share* python3-enchant* retext* rhythmbox-plugins* shotwell* ubuntu-docs* ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk* ubuntu-session* ubuntu-software*
update-manager* update-notifier* wbritish* yelp* zenity*
The following NEW packages will be installed:
apt-clone apt-config-icons-hidpi apt-config-icons-large apt-config-icons-large-hidpi apt-xapian-index archdetect-deb baloo-kf5 bluedevil breeze breeze-cursor-theme
breeze-gtk-theme breeze-icon-theme btrfs-tools catdoc cryptsetup cryptsetup-bin dmraid docbook-xml docbook-xsl drkonqi fonts-hack fonts-hack-ttf fonts-noto
fonts-noto-hinted fonts-noto-unhinted fonts-oxygen frameworkintegration ieee-data kactivities-bin kactivitymanagerd kde-cli-tools kde-cli-tools-data kde-config-gtk-style
kde-config-screenlocker kde-config-sddm kde-style-breeze kde-style-breeze-qt4 kde-style-oxygen-qt5 kde-window-manager kded5 kdelibs5-data kdoctools5 kgamma5 khelpcenter
khotkeys khotkeys-data kinfocenter kinit kio kio-extras kio-extras-data kmenuedit kpackagelauncherqml kpackagetool5 kpartx kpartx-boot kscreen ksshaskpass ksysguard
ksysguard-data ksysguardd ktexteditor-data ktexteditor-katepart kwalletmanager kwayland-data kwayland-integration kwin-common kwin-data kwin-style-breeze kwin-x11 kwrited
libappstreamqt2 libaribb24-0 libattica0.4 libbasicusageenvironment1 libcddb2 libcln6 libcolorcorrect5 libdbusmenu-qt2 libdbusmenu-qt5-2 libdca0 libdebian-installer4
libdlrestrictions1 libdmraid1.0.0.rc16 libdmtx0a libdvbpsi10 libebml4v5 libeditorconfig0 libepub0 libfaad2 libfam0 libgit2-26 libgps23 libgrantlee-templates5 libgroupsock8
libhfstospell9 libhttp-parser2.7.1 libjs-underscore libkate1 libkdecorations2-5v5 libkdecorations2private5v5 libkdecore5 libkdeui5 libkf5activities5 libkf5activitiesstats1
libkf5archive5 libkf5attica5 libkf5auth-data libkf5auth5 libkf5baloo5 libkf5balooengine5 libkf5bluezqt-data libkf5bluezqt6 libkf5bookmarks-data libkf5bookmarks5
libkf5calendarevents5 libkf5codecs-data libkf5codecs5 libkf5completion-data libkf5completion5 libkf5config-bin libkf5config-data libkf5configcore5 libkf5configgui5
libkf5configwidgets-data libkf5configwidgets5 libkf5coreaddons-data libkf5coreaddons5 libkf5crash5 libkf5dbusaddons-bin libkf5dbusaddons-data libkf5dbusaddons5
libkf5declarative-data libkf5declarative5 libkf5dnssd-data libkf5dnssd5 libkf5doctools5 libkf5emoticons-bin libkf5emoticons-data libkf5emoticons5 libkf5filemetadata-bin
libkf5filemetadata-data libkf5filemetadata3 libkf5globalaccel-bin libkf5globalaccel-data libkf5globalaccel5 libkf5globalaccelprivate5 libkf5guiaddons5 libkf5holidays-data
libkf5holidays5 libkf5i18n-data libkf5i18n5 libkf5iconthemes-bin libkf5iconthemes-data libkf5iconthemes5 libkf5idletime5 libkf5itemmodels5 libkf5itemviews-data
libkf5itemviews5 libkf5jobwidgets-data libkf5jobwidgets5 libkf5js5 libkf5jsembed-data libkf5jsembed5 libkf5kcmutils-data libkf5kcmutils5 libkf5kdelibs4support-data
libkf5kdelibs4support5 libkf5kdelibs4support5-bin libkf5khtml-bin libkf5khtml-data libkf5khtml5 libkf5kiocore5 libkf5kiofilewidgets5 libkf5kiogui5 libkf5kiontlm5
libkf5kiowidgets5 libkf5kirigami2-5 libkf5networkmanagerqt6 libkf5newstuff-data libkf5newstuff5 libkf5newstuffcore5 libkf5notifications-data libkf5notifications5
libkf5notifyconfig-data libkf5notifyconfig5 libkf5package-data libkf5package5 libkf5parts-data libkf5parts-plugins libkf5parts5 libkf5people-data libkf5people5
libkf5peoplebackend5 libkf5peoplewidgets5 libkf5plasma5 libkf5plasmaquick5 libkf5prison5 libkf5pty-data libkf5pty5 libkf5quickaddons5 libkf5runner5 libkf5screen-bin
libkf5screen7 libkf5service-bin libkf5service-data libkf5service5 libkf5solid5 libkf5solid5-data libkf5sonnet5-data libkf5sonnetcore5 libkf5sonnetui5 libkf5style5
libkf5su-bin libkf5su-data libkf5su5 libkf5syntaxhighlighting-data libkf5syntaxhighlighting5 libkf5sysguard-bin libkf5sysguard-data libkf5texteditor5
libkf5texteditor5-libjs-underscore libkf5textwidgets-data libkf5textwidgets5 libkf5threadweaver5 libkf5wallet-bin libkf5wallet-data libkf5wallet5 libkf5waylandclient5
libkf5waylandserver5 libkf5widgetsaddons-data libkf5widgetsaddons5 libkf5windowsystem-data libkf5windowsystem5 libkf5xmlgui-bin libkf5xmlgui-data libkf5xmlgui5
libkf5xmlrpcclient-data libkf5xmlrpcclient5 libkfontinst5 libkfontinstui5 libkscreenlocker5 libksgrd7 libksignalplotter7 libkwalletbackend5-5 libkwin4-effect-builtins1
libkwineffects11 libkwinglutils11 libkwinxrenderutils11 libkworkspace5-5 liblivemedia62 liblmdb0 libmatroska6v5 libmicrodns0 libmpcdec6 libnfs11 libopenmpt-modplug1
liboxygenstyle5-5 liboxygenstyleconfig5-5 libpackagekitqt5-1 libpam-kwallet-common libpam-kwallet5 libphonon4qt5-4 libplacebo4 libplasma-geolocation-interface5
libpolkit-qt5-1-1 libpoppler-qt5-1 libpowerdevilcore2 libpowerdevilui5 libprocesscore7 libprocessui7 libprotobuf-lite10 libproxy-tools libqalculate6 libqalculate6-data
libqapt3 libqapt3-runtime libqrencode3 libqt4-svg libqt5multimediaquick-p5 libqt5quickcontrols2-5 libqt5quicktemplates2-5 libqt5texttospeech5 libqt5waylandclient5
libqt5waylandcompositor5 libresid-builder0c2a libscim8v5 libsdl-image1.2 libsidplay2 libtaskmanager6 libupnp6 libusageenvironment3 libva-wayland2 libvlc-bin libvlc5
libvlccore9 libvoikko1 libweather-ion7 libxcb-composite0 libxcb-cursor0 libxcb-damage0 libxcb-dpms0 libxcb-record0 libxml2-utils libzip4 milou oxygen-sounds phonon4qt5
phonon4qt5-backend-vlc plasma-desktop plasma-desktop-data plasma-discover plasma-discover-common plasma-framework plasma-integration
plasma-look-and-feel-org-kde-breezedark-desktop plasma-pa plasma-workspace polkit-kde-agent-1 powerdevil powerdevil-data pulseaudio-module-gconf python3-dbus.mainloop.pyqt5
python3-icu python3-pam python3-pyqt5.qtsvg python3-xapian qapt-batch qdbus-qt5 qml-module-org-kde-activities qml-module-org-kde-bluezqt qml-module-org-kde-draganddrop
qml-module-org-kde-extensionplugin qml-module-org-kde-kcm qml-module-org-kde-kconfig qml-module-org-kde-kcoreaddons qml-module-org-kde-kholidays qml-module-org-kde-kio
qml-module-org-kde-kirigami2 qml-module-org-kde-kquickcontrols qml-module-org-kde-kquickcontrolsaddons qml-module-org-kde-kwindowsystem qml-module-org-kde-newstuff
qml-module-org-kde-qqc2desktopstyle qml-module-org-kde-runnermodel qml-module-org-kde-solid qml-module-qt-labs-folderlistmodel qml-module-qt-labs-settings
qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects qml-module-qtmultimedia qml-module-qtqml-models2 qml-module-qtquick-controls qml-module-qtquick-controls-styles-breeze
qml-module-qtquick-controls2 qml-module-qtquick-dialogs qml-module-qtquick-layouts qml-module-qtquick-privatewidgets qml-module-qtquick-templates2
qml-module-qtquick-virtualkeyboard qml-module-qtquick-window2 qml-module-qtquick2 qtvirtualkeyboard-plugin qtwayland5 rdate sgml-data sni-qt socat software-properties-kde
sonnet-plugins systemsettings ubiquity ubiquity-casper ubiquity-frontend-kde ubiquity-ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-release-upgrader-qt user-manager vlc-data vlc-plugin-base
vlc-plugin-video-output
0 upgraded, 379 newly installed, 55 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
我在带有 Pulse Audio 和 Gnome 桌面的戴尔笔记本电脑上安装了 Unbuntu 18.04。我将笔记本电脑连接到 USB 3.0 扩展坞（不是 USB-C），同时外部扬声器和 USB 耳机插入该扩展坞。从暂停中醒来后，我发现：
- Pulse 音频服务器 via
pactl表示默认接收器是扩展坞上的扬声器，就像我在挂起之前使用的那样。 - Sound 的桌面 GUI 显示耳机是默认接收器。
- 当我在 Firefox 浏览器中继续播放来自亚马逊的流媒体音乐时，它会转到基座扬声器。
- 当我在 Slack 桌面客户端中播放带声音的视频时，它会转到耳机。
- 当我在声音 GUI 中重新选择基座扬声器时，Slack 视频播放会转到基座扬声器。
因此，每次从挂起状态恢复时，我都必须进入桌面声音 GUI 并选择基座扬声器。快速简单，当然，但我喜欢我的电脑为我工作，而不是我为它工作。
那么，关于差异来源的任何想法？我想可能会对暂停/恢复配置进行调整，这可能会有所帮助。我还想有一个解决默认接收器差异的方法。有任何想法吗？
这是我所指的声音 GUI 的快照：
我正在尝试使用 iptables 在 Ubuntu 14.04 服务器（IP=192.168.36.217）上完成简单的数据包转发。我想在特定端口上接收发往服务器的传入数据包，并将它们重写到新的目标，指定端口（HTTPS）和源 IP 设置为此服务器，源端口设置为 NAT，因此可以反转在返回数据包上。
表 mangle、raw 和 security 是空的。所有表的所有规则都有一个默认值 ACCEPT。我在 PREROUTING 中有 1 个 DNAT 规则，在 POSTROUTING 中有 1 个 SNAT 规则。然后我添加了一些 LOG 规则来检查发生了什么。以下是 nat 和 filter 表的样子：
过滤表
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 249 packets, 15888 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 143 8348 LOG tcp -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: INP of interest: "
Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 169 packets, 12148 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 0 0 LOG tcp -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 45.45.45.45 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: filter\OUTPUT : "
nat 表
Chain PREROUTING (policy ACCEPT 2762 packets, 279K bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 33 1672 LOG tcp -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:65001 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat PRE "
2 15 760 DNAT tcp -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:65001 to:45.45.45.45:45001
3 0 0 LOG tcp -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat PRE BOT"
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 263 packets, 46239 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 0 0 LOG all -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat INP: "
Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 60 packets, 4285 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 60 packets, 4285 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 0 0 LOG tcp -- * * 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat POST end: "
2 0 0 SNAT tcp -- * em1 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 to:192.168.36.217
3 0 0 LOG tcp -- * em1 192.168.36.217 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat POST after SNAT: "
4 0 0 LOG tcp -- * em1 10.15.4.115 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix "l++: nat POST after SNAT what"
当我测试时（从 10.15.4.115：telnet 192.168.36.217 65001），这就是我在系统消息日志中看到的全部内容：
May 19 15:20:40 LDAP-Proxy kernel: [1891508.926283] l++: nat PRE IN=em1 OUT=
MAC=<omitted> SRC=10.15.4.115 DST=192.168.36.217 LEN=52 TOS=0x00 PREC=0x00
TTL=127 ID=21164 DF PROTO=TCP SPT=59394 DPT=65001 WINDOW=64512 RES=0x00 SYN
URGP=0
我相信我已经将 PREROUTING 规则与 LOG 规则绑定在一起。数据包进入，进入 DNAT 规则并立即消失。
我很乐意收到任何关于这种不当行为的建议、想法和猜测。谢谢！