Andreas Hartmann's questions

我有一台新笔记本电脑（带有 Ryzen 4000 SoC 的联想 IdeaPad 5 14ARE05）。为了支持它的硬件，我必须在我新安装的 20.04 Kubuntu 上安装最新的 5.8.0 主线内核。但是，我还需要 acpi-call-dkms 来控制省电功能等。但是，安装失败：

Unpacking acpi-call-dkms (1.1.0-5) ...
Setting up acpi-call-dkms (1.1.0-5) ...
Loading new acpi-call-1.1.0 DKMS files...
Building for 5.8.0-050800-generic
Building initial module for 5.8.0-050800-generic
ERROR (dkms apport): kernel package linux-headers-5.8.0-050800-generic is not supported
Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 5.8.0-050800-generic (x86_64)
Consult /var/lib/dkms/acpi-call/1.1.0/build/make.log for more information.
dpkg: error processing package acpi-call-dkms (--configure):
 installed acpi-call-dkms package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 10
Errors were encountered while processing:
 acpi-call-dkms
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

基本上它只是说它不受支持。是否有一些 PPA 可以在其中获得受支持的该软件包的更新版本？或者（如何）我可以从源代码构建那个东西？

我有一个运行带有 minidlna 的 Ubuntu Server 18.04 的 NAS。Minidlna 已经很久没有维护了，现在它有点糟糕。我读到 19.10 有一个集成的 dlna 服务器，但我找不到任何关于如何在没有 GUI 的情况下在 Ubuntu 服务器上使用它的说明。如果它能给我更好的 DLNA 体验，我愿意升级到非 LTS 版本，但我现在想知道是否以及如何在没有 GUI 的情况下使用该功能。

我想使用最新的主线内核使 Ubuntu Server 18.04 保持最新。在桌面上我只使用 Ukuu，但我正在寻找一种通过 ssh 使用的便捷方法。我发现了这个： http: //kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/ 这有助于我避免自己从源代码构建，我可以编写一个脚本来获取并安装最新的相应 deb 文件，但不是不是已经有类似的东西了，比如ppa吗？

在 Windows 上，我可以只使用键盘的媒体键来暂停/恢复和跳过曲目。在 Ubuntu 中（在我的情况下使用 KDE，但它也不适用于 Gnome - 17.04），这不起作用。Chrome 确实有 Google Play 音乐的键盘快捷键设置，默认情况下它们设置为媒体键，但什么也不做。在尝试重新分配它们时，我注意到无法识别媒体密钥，因此我猜测它们要么不起作用，要么在操作系统级别被捕获。有什么提示吗？

上周的某个时候，我的声音输出从 gnome 的声音设置面板中消失了。仅保留 HDMI 输出。

缩写 alsa-info.sh 输出：

upload=true&script=true&cardinfo=
!!################################
!!ALSA Information Script v 0.4.64
!!################################

!!Script ran on: Mon Oct  9 08:35:32 UTC 2017


!!Linux Distribution
!!------------------

Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS \n \l DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS" NAME="Ubuntu" ID=ubuntu ID_LIKE=debian PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS" HOME_URL="http://www.ubuntu.com/" SUPPORT_URL="http://help.ubuntu.com/" BUG_REPORT_URL="http://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/" UBUNTU_CODENAME=xenial


!!DMI Information
!!---------------

Manufacturer:      Dell Inc.
Product Name:      Precision M4800
Product Version:   01
Firmware Version:  A14
Board Vendor:      Dell Inc.
Board Name:        0X3C7N


!!ACPI Device Status Information
!!---------------

/sys/bus/acpi/devices/ACPI0003:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/DELLABCE:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/DLLK05CC:00/status     15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/INT33CA:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/INT3F0D:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0103:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0401:00/status      13
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C01:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C04:00/status      31
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C09:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0A:00/status      31
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0A:01/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:00/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:01/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:02/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:03/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:04/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:05/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:06/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/PNP0C0F:07/status      9
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/SMO8810:00/status      15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:01/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:05/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:07/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:09/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:0d/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2a/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2b/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2c/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2d/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2e/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:2f/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:30/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:31/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:32/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:33/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:34/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:36/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:37/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:38/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:39/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3a/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3b/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3c/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3d/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3e/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:3f/status   15
/sys/bus/acpi/devices/device:41/status   15


!!Kernel Information
!!------------------

Kernel release:    4.4.0-96-generic
Operating System:  GNU/Linux
Architecture:      x86_64
Processor:         x86_64
SMP Enabled:       Yes


!!ALSA Version
!!------------

Driver version:     k4.4.0-96-generic
Library version:    1.1.0
Utilities version:  1.1.0


!!Loaded ALSA modules
!!-------------------

snd_hda_intel


!!Sound Servers on this system
!!----------------------------

Pulseaudio:
      Installed - Yes (/usr/bin/pulseaudio)
      Running - Yes


!!Soundcards recognised by ALSA
!!-----------------------------

 1 [HDMI           ]: HDA-Intel - HDA ATI HDMI
                      HDA ATI HDMI at 0xf7e60000 irq 32


!!PCI Soundcards installed in the system
!!--------------------------------------

00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
01:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7700/7800 Series]


!!Advanced information - PCI Vendor/Device/Subsystem ID's
!!-------------------------------------------------------

00:1b.0 0403: 8086:8c20 (rev 04)
    Subsystem: 1028:05cc
--
01:00.1 0403: 1002:aab0
    Subsystem: 1028:15cc


!!Modprobe options (Sound related)
!!--------------------------------

snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_atiixp_modem: index=-2
snd_intel8x0m: index=-2
snd_via82xx_modem: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2
snd_usb_caiaq: index=-2
snd_usb_ua101: index=-2
snd_usb_us122l: index=-2
snd_usb_usx2y: index=-2
snd_cmipci: mpu_port=0x330 fm_port=0x388
snd_pcsp: index=-2
snd_usb_audio: index=-2


!!Loaded sound module options
!!---------------------------

!!Module: snd_hda_intel
    align_buffer_size : -1
    bdl_pos_adj : 1,32,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
    beep_mode : N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N,N
    enable : Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y,Y
    enable_msi : -1
    id : (null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null)
    index : -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
    jackpoll_ms : 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
    model : (null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null)
    patch : (null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null),(null)
    position_fix : -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
    power_save : 0
    power_save_controller : Y
    probe_mask : -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1
    probe_only : 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
    single_cmd : N
    snoop : -1


!!HDA-Intel Codec information
!!---------------------------
--startcollapse--

Codec: ATI R6xx HDMI
Address: 0
AFG Function Id: 0x1 (unsol 0)
Vendor Id: 0x1002aa01
Subsystem Id: 0x00aa0100
Revision Id: 0x100300
No Modem Function Group found
Default PCM:
    rates [0x70]: 32000 44100 48000
    bits [0x2]: 16
    formats [0x1]: PCM
Default Amp-In caps: N/A
Default Amp-Out caps: N/A
State of AFG node 0x01:
  Power states:  D0 D3 CLKSTOP EPSS
  Power: setting=D0, actual=D0, Clock-stop-OK
GPIO: io=0, o=0, i=0, unsolicited=0, wake=0
Node 0x02 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=1, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled GenLevel
  Digital category: 0x2
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x03 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=0, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=0, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=0, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=0, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=3
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=01, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x02
Node 0x04 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=0, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled
  Digital category: 0x0
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x05 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=1, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=1, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=1, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=1, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=7
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=02, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x04
Node 0x06 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=0, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled
  Digital category: 0x0
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x07 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=2, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=2, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=2, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=2, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=8
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=03, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x06
Node 0x08 [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=0, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled
  Digital category: 0x0
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x09 [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=3, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=3, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=3, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=3, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=9
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=04, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x08
Node 0x0a [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=0, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled
  Digital category: 0x0
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x0b [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=4, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=4, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=4, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=4, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=10
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=05, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x0a
Node 0x0c [Audio Output] wcaps 0x221: Stereo Digital Stripe
  Converter: stream=0, channel=0
  Digital: Enabled
  Digital category: 0x0
  IEC Coding Type: 0x0
Node 0x0d [Pin Complex] wcaps 0x400381: Stereo Digital
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Con Mask", index=5, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Pro Mask", index=5, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Default", index=5, device=0
  Control: name="IEC958 Playback Switch", index=5, device=0
  Control: name="ELD", index=0, device=11
  Pincap 0x00000094: OUT Detect HDMI
  Pin Default 0x185600f0: [Jack] Digital Out at Int HDMI
    Conn = Digital, Color = Unknown
    DefAssociation = 0xf, Sequence = 0x0
  Pin-ctls: 0x40: OUT
  Unsolicited: tag=06, enabled=1
  Connection: 1
     0x0c
--endcollapse--


!!ALSA Device nodes
!!-----------------

crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  2 Oct  9 10:22 /dev/snd/controlC1
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  9 Oct  9 10:22 /dev/snd/hwC1D0
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  7 Oct  9 10:23 /dev/snd/pcmC1D10p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  8 Oct  9 10:23 /dev/snd/pcmC1D11p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  3 Oct  9 10:30 /dev/snd/pcmC1D3p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  4 Oct  9 10:23 /dev/snd/pcmC1D7p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  5 Oct  9 10:23 /dev/snd/pcmC1D8p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  6 Oct  9 10:23 /dev/snd/pcmC1D9p
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116,  1 Oct  9 10:34 /dev/snd/seq
crw-rw----+ 1 root audio 116, 33 Oct  9 10:22 /dev/snd/timer

/dev/snd/by-path:
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  60 Oct  9 10:22 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 260 Oct  9 10:22 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  12 Oct  9 10:22 pci-0000:01:00.1 -> ../controlC1


!!Aplay/Arecord output
!!--------------------

APLAY

**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

ARECORD

**** List of CAPTURE Hardware Devices ****

!!Amixer output
!!-------------

!!-------Mixer controls for card 1 [HDMI]

Card hw:1 'HDMI'/'HDA ATI HDMI at 0xf7e60000 irq 32'
  Mixer name    : 'ATI R6xx HDMI'
  Components    : 'HDA:1002aa01,00aa0100,00100300'
  Controls      : 42
  Simple ctrls  : 6
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',0
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',1
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',2
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',3
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',4
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]
Simple mixer control 'IEC958',5
  Capabilities: pswitch pswitch-joined
  Playback channels: Mono
  Mono: Playback [on]

基本上它似乎识别声卡：00:1b.0 音频设备：英特尔公司 8 系列/C220 系列芯片组高清音频控制器（rev 04）

但它不会将其用作输出。我尝试重置脉冲音频配置，但它什么也没做。

我从现场 USB 驱动器启动，它仍然无法正常工作。我也尝试过重置bios：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/asound/cards
 1 [HDMI           ]: HDA-Intel - HDA ATI HDMI
                      HDA ATI HDMI at 0xf7e60000 irq 32
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ lspci | grep -i audio 
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)
01:00.1 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7700/7800 Series]
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ aplay /usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav 
Playing WAVE '/usr/share/sounds/alsa/Front_Center.wav' : Signed 16 bit Little Endian, Rate 48000 Hz, Mono
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ echo normal:; aplay -l; echo sudo:; sudo aplay -l 
normal:
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
sudo:
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 7: HDMI 1 [HDMI 1]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 8: HDMI 2 [HDMI 2]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 9: HDMI 3 [HDMI 3]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 10: HDMI 4 [HDMI 4]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: HDMI [HDA ATI HDMI], device 11: HDMI 5 [HDMI 5]
  Subdevices: 1/1
  Subdevice #0: subdevice #0

使用 lspci 识别卡，但仅识别 hdmi 播放设备。

我有一台电脑：

VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Venus XT [Radeon HD 8870M / R9 M270X/M370X] [1002:6821] (rev ff) (prog-if ff)

我怎样才能让 OpenCL 处理它？我没有在软件源工具中提供专有驱动程序，并且 AFAIK 不再支持 16.04。

clinfo 当前列出零个设备。

无论我的 RAM 有多满，我的交换都没有被使用。这是我的交换输出：

NAME      TYPE       SIZE USED PRIO
/dev/dm-2 partition 31,9G 3,5M   -1

PRIO -1会是个问题吗？

cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
60

我的swappiness是60。

cat /proc/swaps
Filename             Type       Size        Used    Priority
/dev/dm-2            partition  33456124    3524    -1

我有 32GB 的 RAM 和 32GB 的交换空间，但目前当我的内存运行时，我的系统将永久锁定而不是开始交换。我能做些什么吗？

基本上我正在尝试运行一个会占用大约 30GB 内存的应用程序，而我的物理内存已经一半满了。当它启动并将数据加载到内存中时，一旦物理内存已满，我的系统就会冻结。不，它似乎不会在交换时锁定，因为即使过了一段时间也不会解冻。

在 Windows 下，有一些驱动程序支持 OpenCL 的这种芯片。Linux 驱动程序是否也支持这一点？

官方 PPA 不提供可信赖的软件包。我仍然可以使用它们来安装例如 utopic 的软件包，风险自负吗？或者是否有一个 PPA 包含值得信赖的软件包？不，我现在不能升级到 utopic。

我在 Raspi 上安装了 Snappy Ubuntu Core，希望将它用作网络服务器，但是我无法使用 apt-get 安装包，而且 snappy install 几乎没有可用的包（现在）。我是否必须在没有任何包管理的情况下手动编译和设置所有内容？如果没有可用的软件，那么 snappy 有什么意义呢？

我升级到 15.10，现在 Notes 无法启动（可能是因为他们更改了滚动条）。

Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "overlay-scrollbar"
Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "unity-gtk-module"

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

(notes:12215): Gtk-WARNING **: Unable to locate theme engine in module_path: "murrine",

有什么解决方法吗？

SVP 是一个 Windows 软件应用程序，可在视频在播放器中运行时实时计算视频帧，使其以 60 fps 的速度流畅运行。它不适用于葡萄酒。有没有 linux 的替代品？

我的 14.10 Ubuntu 服务器出现问题。在执行某些操作后，我的 apache2 重新启动并出现分段错误。为了调试这个问题，我想创建一个核心转储。我做了以下事情：

• 添加CoreDumpDirectory /tmp/apache-coredumps到配置文件
• 跑ulimit -c unlimited
• 跑apt-get install apache2-dbg php5-dbg
• 重新启动apache并导致错误。日志声称目录中可能有一个核心转储，但它是空的。

apachectl我还尝试直接在 apache2 的可执行文件上使用 gdb，但除非通过or启动，否则 apache 不会启动service apache2 start。

如何获取核心转储来调试我的问题或者如何gdb直接附加到 apache？

每当我启动 Hydrogen 时，它会破坏所有其他使用 Pulse 的应用程序中的音频，例如，在启动 Hydrogen 一次后，我无法再在 Chrome 中播放视频，直到我重新启动我的 PC 或执行 sudo alsa force-reload。我发现有人有类似的问题，但没有解决这个问题的实际指南，通常有指向 http://jackaudio.org/pulseaudio_and_jack 的链接（已移至http://jackaudio.org/faq/pulseaudio_and_jack.html）我我正在使用 Ubuntu Studio 14.04 64 位。

或者，如果这真的不可能实现，有人能告诉我如何在一个声卡上使用 Jack 而在另一个声卡上使用 Pulse 吗？这样我就可以只在需要 JACK 时插入 USB 声卡。

请不要让我使用Windows。

令人惊讶的是，我在任何地方都找不到它的名字，尽管从屏幕截图中它类似于 lxde、xfce gnome2，但它到底是哪一个？

另外，是否可以安装 x64 内核，将其转换为完整的 64 位安装？

我已经在我的 Ubuntu 14.04 服务器上运行了几个 MySQL 数据库，我想尽可能顺利地将它们迁移到兼容的 MariaDB。我也在使用 PHPMyAdmin。除了导出所有数据然后在安装后重新导入所有数据之外，还有其他方法可以做到这一点吗？

我有一台配备 GeForce 9300M 图形芯片的旧笔记本电脑。我不在上面玩游戏，但我希望使用 Unity 获得流畅的桌面体验。具体在我的情况下，开源驱动程序是否比专有的 Nvidia 驱动程序更好？还是开源驱动程序存在的唯一原因是它们是开源的？我也在编写 OpenCL 应用程序。我可以将我的 GeForces 流处理器用于 OpenCL 和开源驱动程序吗？

更新：我所说的更好，是指在桌面、GPU 计算以及出于对游戏的好奇心方面的可靠性、能源效率和性能方面。

我正在按照本教程让我的读卡器工作：http ://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=636867

但是我无法卸载我的 sdhci 模块：

sudo modprobe -rv sdhci mmc_core mmc_block
modprobe: FATAL: Module sdhci is in use.

我该如何进行？

或者：如何为所有用户设置写保护目录，直到再次解锁？