我正在使用 Ubuntu 18.04 仿生并安装了 xfce4 包。但是，当我在登录管理器中选择“Xfce session”时，它不会让我登录到 Xfce4，而是让我直接回到登录窗口。为什么会这样，我该如何解决？
我在哪里可以查看内核的默认内核配置Xenial？我对 USB 电源管理配置特别感兴趣，包括：
CONFIG_SUSPENDCONFIG_HIBERNATIONCONFIG_PM_RUNTIMECONFIG_PM和CONFIG_USB_SUSPEND
uname -r给我：4.4.38-l4t-r28.2+g174510d
我在 Ubuntu 19.10 上重置我的 mysql 服务器的 root 密码时遇到问题：我按照https://websiteforstudents.com/resetting-mysql-root-password-on-ubuntu-16-04-17-10-and-上的说明进行操作18-04-lts/一切都按照说明进行，直到我到达我应该使用sudo mysql -u root. 我收到以下错误：
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
我检查了我的绑定地址/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf。我有三个，它们设置为：
127.0.0.1,
10.0.2.15 (my local ethernet iface) and
0.0.0.0
所以我不知道为什么它不让我连接，有什么提示吗？我已经设置
了sudo ufw enable& sudo ufw allow mysql- 即使sudo ufw disablle它不会让我连接！
我终于有时间将我的台式机从 16.04 升级到 18.04。
正如预期的那样，事情并没有那么顺利。好吧，我的电脑挂了，在我开始升级后我无法再解锁它（所以我把它放在那里大约 24 小时）。重新启动后，它只是在登录屏幕后卡住，切换到 shell 给了我：
$ sudo apt update;sudo apt -y upgrade
[sudo] password for ron:
...
...
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
ron@ronDesktopHome:~$ sudo apt install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
alembic calligraflow-data calligrawords-common cgmanager dh-python dleyna-server elks-libc emacs24-bin-common emacs24-common emacs24-common-non-dfsg emacs24-el
evolution-data-server-online-accounts fonts-font-awesome fonts-roboto-unhinted fonts-texgyre gcc-5-base:i386 gcc-6-base:i386 gir1.2-notify-0.7 imagemagick-common
kde-style-qtcurve kwin-style-qtcurve libapache2-mod-wsgi-py3 libautodie-perl libblas-common libbotan-1.10-1 libcauchy0.0v5 libclang1-3.6 libcloog-isl4
libconfig-file-perl libdata-alias-perl libdleyna-connector-dbus-1.0-1 libdleyna-core-1.0-3 libedataserverui-1.2-1 libextutils-depends-perl
libextutils-pkgconfig-perl libgdbussyncevo0 libgeos-3.5.0 libgl2ps0 libgoocanvas-common libgoocanvas3 libgps22 libgrilo-0.2-1 libgupnp-av-1.0-2 libgupnp-dlna-2.0-3
libgweather-3-6 libidn11:i386 libieee1284-3:i386 libio-multiplex-perl libjasper-dev libjavascriptcoregtk-3.0-0 libkadm5clnt-mit9 libkdcraw-data libkdcraw23
libkf5activitiesexperimentalstats1 libkf5dbusaddons-bin libkf5iconthemes-bin libkf5prison1 libkf5xmlrpcclient-data libkf5xmlrpcclient5 libkqoauth0 libkvkontakte1
liblivemedia50 libllvm3.6v5 libllvm6.0:i386 libm2mml0.0v5 libmediawiki1 libnet-cidr-perl libnet-server-perl libopencv-calib3d2.4v5 libopencv-contrib2.4v5
libopencv-features2d2.4v5 libopencv-flann2.4v5 libopencv-gpu2.4v5 libopencv-legacy2.4v5 libopencv-ml2.4v5 libopencv-ocl2.4v5 libopencv-photo2.4v5
libopencv-stitching2.4v5 libopencv-superres2.4v5 libopencv-ts2.4v5 libopencv-videostab2.4v5 libopencv2.4-jni libparams-validate-perl libphononexperimental4
libprocps4 libpst4 libqbscore1 libqbsqtprofilesetup1 libqt5clucene5 libqtgstreamer-1.0-0 libqtgstreamerutils-1.0-0 librpm3 librpmbuild3 librpmio3 librpmsign3
libsasl2-modules:i386 libsyncevo-dbus0 libustr-1.0-1 libvoikko1 libvpx3:i386 libwacom-bin libwebkitgtk-3.0-0 libwebpdemux1 libxapian-1.3-5 pgadmin4-doc
python-alembic python-babel-localedata python-gi-dev python-mako python-markupsafe python-sqlalchemy python-sqlalchemy-ext python3-alembic python3-babel
python3-blinker python3-crypto python3-dbus.mainloop.qt python3-ecdsa python3-flask python3-flask-babelex python3-flask-gravatar python3-flask-htmlmin
python3-flask-login python3-flask-mail python3-flask-migrate python3-flask-paranoid python3-flask-principal python3-flask-script python3-flask-security
python3-flask-sqlalchemy python3-flaskext.wtf python3-htmlmin python3-itsdangerous python3-jinja2 python3-paramiko python3-passlib python3-pyasn1 python3-pyinotify
python3-simplejson python3-sqlalchemy python3-sqlparse python3-sshtunnel python3-werkzeug python3-wtforms qml-module-org-kde-runnermodel qml-modules-org-kde-purpose
rename sonnet-plugins system-config-printer-gnome
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
apt apt-transport-https apt-utils aptitude aptitude-common cups-common emacs25 emacs25-bin-common emacs25-common gir1.2-gconf-2.0 gir1.2-glib-2.0
gobject-introspection imagemagick imagemagick-6.q16 libaribb24-0 libbasicusageenvironment1 libboost-filesystem1.65.1 libboost-iostreams1.65.1 libcupsfilters-dev
libcupsimage2-dev libdevmapper1.02.1 libebml4v5 libgirepository-1.0-1 libgroupsock8 libgutenprint2 liblirc-client0 liblircclient0 liblivemedia62
libmagickcore-6.q16-3-extra libmatroska6v5 libmicrodns0 libnfs11 libopenmpt-modplug1 libplacebo4 libpng-dev libpng-tools libprotobuf-lite10 libpython3.6-minimal
libsidplay2 libusageenvironment3 libva-wayland2 libvlc-bin libvlc-dev libvlc5 libvlccore-dev libvlccore9 obex-data-server openmpi-bin openmpi-common
python3.6-minimal vlc-bin vlc-data vlc-plugin-base vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-video-output
Suggested packages:
apt-doc aptitude-doc-en | aptitude-doc debtags emacs25-common-non-dfsg imagemagick-doc autotrace curl enscript gnuplot grads hp2xx html2ps povray radiance
ufraw-batch gutenprint-locales lirc libjxr-tools libdvdcss2
Recommended packages:
emacs25-el dmsetup
The following packages will be REMOVED:
emacs emacs24 libpng12-dev libreoffice libsidplay2v5 libvlccore8 pgadmin4 systemd-shim update-manager-kde vlc-nox
The following NEW packages will be installed:
emacs25 emacs25-bin-common emacs25-common libaribb24-0 libboost-filesystem1.65.1 libboost-iostreams1.65.1 libcupsfilters-dev libcupsimage2-dev liblirc-client0
liblivemedia62 libmagickcore-6.q16-3-extra libmicrodns0 libnfs11 libopenmpt-modplug1 libplacebo4 libpng-dev libpng-tools libprotobuf-lite10 libsidplay2
libva-wayland2 libvlc-bin libvlccore9 vlc-bin vlc-plugin-base vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-video-output
The following packages will be upgraded:
apt apt-transport-https apt-utils aptitude aptitude-common cups-common gir1.2-gconf-2.0 gir1.2-glib-2.0 gobject-introspection imagemagick imagemagick-6.q16
libbasicusageenvironment1 libdevmapper1.02.1 libebml4v5 libgirepository-1.0-1 libgroupsock8 libgutenprint2 liblircclient0 libmatroska6v5 libpython3.6-minimal
libusageenvironment3 libvlc-dev libvlc5 libvlccore-dev obex-data-server openmpi-bin openmpi-common python3.6-minimal vlc-data vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-samba
31 upgraded, 26 newly installed, 10 to remove and 2514 not upgraded.
1326 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/31.8 MB of archives.
After this operation, 46.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Extracting templates from packages: 100%
(Reading database ... 703286 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing systemd-shim (9-1bzr4ubuntu1) ...
Removing 'diversion of /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service to /usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.systemd
by systemd-shim'
dpkg-divert: error: rename involves overwriting '/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service' with
different file '/usr/share/dbus-1/system-services/org.freedesktop.systemd1.service.systemd', not allowed
dpkg: error processing package systemd-shim (--remove):
installed systemd-shim package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 2
Errors were encountered while processing:
systemd-shim
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
ron@ronDesktopHome:~$ :25 2019
.1) but 2:25: command not found
ron@ronDesktopHome:~$
我需要使用在我的系统上npm安装软件包redis和moment但它没有发生，我得到了这个：
$ npm install redis;npm install moment
/home/ron
└─┬ [email protected]
├── [email protected]
├── [email protected]
└── [email protected]
npm WARN enoent ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/home/ron/package.json'
npm WARN ron No description
npm WARN ron No repository field.
npm WARN ron No README data
npm WARN ron No license field.
/home/ron
├── [email protected]
└── [email protected]
npm WARN enoent ENOENT: no such file or directory, open '/home/ron/package.json'
npm WARN ron No description
npm WARN ron No repository field.
npm WARN ron No README data
npm WARN ron No license field.
我也尝试sudo过，但得到了相同的结果......我该如何解决这个问题？
我的系统中有一个 GeForce GT 520 双头，我正在试验它。我从 NVIDIA 安装了 CUDA 9.1，它说我应该重新启动以验证我的图形驱动程序是否仍然加载。
所以我重新启动，现在图形驱动程序不再加载，所以我再次卸载、清除和自动删除 cuda 并再次重新启动，但我仍然无法恢复 X。我下载并尝试安装 NVIDIA 驱动程序NVIDIA_Linux_x86_64-367.27.run，但它不想安装，而是告诉我运行sudo apt-get install nvidia-396 nvidia-modprobe nvidia-settings我也尝试过的，但我仍然无法回到我的 X。
如何取回我的图形？
我想摆脱 nginx，因为它给我带来了 apt-get 的麻烦，但我无法摆脱它，我不断得到：
$ sudo apt remove nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package 'nginx' is not installed, so not removed
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up nginx-core (1.10.3-0ubuntu0.16.04.2) ...
Job for nginx.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status nginx.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
invoke-rc.d: initscript nginx, action "start" failed.
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2018-05-22 06:49:55 PDT; 5ms ago
Process: 30212 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 30208 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
May 22 06:49:54 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to [::]:80, backlog 511 failed (98: Address already in use)
May 22 06:49:54 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to 0.0.0.0:80, backlog 511 failed (98: Address already in use)
May 22 06:49:54 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to [::]:80, backlog 511 failed (98: Address already in use)
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to 0.0.0.0:80, backlog 511 failed (98: Address already in use)
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] listen() to [::]:80, backlog 511 failed (98: Address already in use)
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome nginx[30212]: nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome systemd[1]: nginx.service: Control process exited, code=exited status=1
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome systemd[1]: Failed to start A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server.
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome systemd[1]: nginx.service: Unit entered failed state.
May 22 06:49:55 regDesktopHome systemd[1]: nginx.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
dpkg: error processing package nginx-core (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
nginx-core
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
$ systemctl status nginx.service
● nginx.service - A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2018-05-22 06:49:55 PDT; 1min 45s ago
Process: 30212 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/nginx -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 30208 ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/nginx -t -q -g daemon on; master_process on; (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
$ journalctl -xe
Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.
Users in the 'systemd-journal' group can see all messages. Pass -q to
turn off this notice.
No journal files were opened due to insufficient permissions.
$
我怎样才能解决这个问题？我上线了16.04
从 14.04 升级到 16.04 后，apt-get 在我的系统上搞砸了，我xenial不知道如何修复它。这是我得到的（之后apt update）。
任何人都可以就如何解决这个问题提供一些建议吗？
$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libsimgearcore3.4.0v5 libsimgearscene3.4.0v5 linux-headers-4.4.0-97 linux-headers-4.4.0-97-generic linux-image-4.4.0-97-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-97-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
Setting up snapd (2.28.5~14.04) ...
Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package snapd (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
snapd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我也尝试运行apt -f install并得到以下结果：
$ sudo apt -f install
[sudo] password for ron:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libsimgearcore3.4.0v5 libsimgearscene3.4.0v5 linux-headers-4.4.0-97 linux-headers-4.4.0-97-generic linux-image-4.4.0-97-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-97-generic
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up snapd (2.28.5~14.04) ...
Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package snapd (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
snapd
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
在哪里$ sudo dpkdg --configure -a给我：
$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up snapd (2.28.5~14.04) ...
Failed to execute operation: No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package snapd (--configure):
subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
snapd
哪里sudo apt-get --remove purge snapd返回：
$ sudo apt-get --remove purge snapd
[sudo] password for ron:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
cgroup-lite libsimgearcore3.4.0v5 libsimgearscene3.4.0v5 linux-generic-lts-xenial linux-headers-4.4.0-97 linux-headers-4.4.0-97-generic linux-image-4.4.0-97-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-97-generic squashfs-tools
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
snapd*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 74.5 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
(Reading database ... 661915 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing snapd (2.28.5~14.04) ...
Failed to stop snapd.autoimport.service: Unit snapd.autoimport.service not loaded.
Failed to stop snapd.socket: Unit snapd.socket not loaded.
Failed to stop snapd.service: Unit snapd.service not loaded.
dpkg: error processing package snapd (--purge):
subprocess installed pre-removal script returned error exit status 5
Errors were encountered while processing:
snapd
sudo aE: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
我有一些包冲突阻止我安装其他必需的软件：我想安装tftp但得到以下内容：
ron@jpax-build07:~/tmp$ sudo apt install tftp
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
kde-telepathy-minimal : Depends: kde-config-telepathy-accounts (>= 15.04.0) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
ron@jpax-build07:~/tmp$
好的，所以我尝试了：
ron@jpax-build07:~/tmp$ sudo apt -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libpthread-stubs0-dev:i386 libx11-dev:i386 libxau-dev:i386 libxcb1-dev:i386
libxdmcp-dev:i386 libxext-dev:i386 libxfixes-dev:i386 libxtst6:i386
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
kde-config-telepathy-accounts
The following NEW packages will be installed:
kde-config-telepathy-accounts
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
444 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/137 kB of archives.
After this operation, 825 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]
(Reading database ... 303598 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking kde-config-telepathy-accounts (4:15.12.3-0ubuntu1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
trying to overwrite '/usr/share/accounts/services/google-im.service', which is also in package account-plugin-google 0.12+16.04.20160126-0ubuntu1
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu9) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/kde-config-telepathy-accounts_4%3a15.12.3-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
ron@jpax-build07:~/tmp$
我怎样才能让自己摆脱这种混乱？
更新1
当我这样做时$ sudo apt remove kde-config-telepathy-accounts，我得到了Package 'kde-config-telepathy-accounts' is not installed, so not removed哪些地方$ sudo apt remove account-plugin-google给了我未满足的依赖关系 kde-telepathy-minimal——kde-config-telepathy-accounts这没有意义！
我正在运行没有kdesvn软件包的 Ubuntu 16.04。我想kdesvn从源代码编译，cmake安装所有依赖项后一切正常，但编译卡在：
[ 78%] Building CXX object src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/maintreewidget.cpp.o
/home/ron/src/kdesvn/src/svnfrontend/maintreewidget.cpp: In member function ‘void MainTreeWidget::enableActions()’:
/home/ron/src/kdesvn/src/svnfrontend/maintreewidget.cpp:826:46: error: ‘authorizeAction’ is not a member of ‘KAuthorized’
enableAction(QStringLiteral("openwith"), KAuthorized::authorizeAction("openwith") && single && !single_dir);
^
src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/build.make:850: recipe for target 'src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/maintreewidget.cpp.o' failed
make[2]: *** [src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/maintreewidget.cpp.o] Error 1
CMakeFiles/Makefile2:764: recipe for target 'src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/all' failed
make[1]: *** [src/svnfrontend/CMakeFiles/svnfrontend.dir/all] Error 2
Makefile:138: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 2
为什么会这样，我该如何解决？
我已经验证libkf5config-dev已安装，它包含KAuthorized：https ://packages.ubuntu.com/xenial/amd64/libkf5config-dev/filelist
突然间，我不断收到Aw snap！Chrome 中的错误，我无法摆脱它，我试过rm -rf .config/google-chrome/但没有帮助......有什么建议吗？
我在用着
$ google-chrome --version Google Chrome 39.0.2171.71
并从外壳启动它给了我这个：
$ google-chrome&
[1] 12762
ron@regDesktopHome:~$ [9:9:0531/192000:ERROR:nss_util.cc(207)] Error initializing NSS without a persistent database: NSS error code: -8023
[9:9:0531/192000:FATAL:nss_util.cc(209)] nss_error=-8023, os_error=0
[11:11:0531/192000:ERROR:nss_util.cc(207)] Error initializing NSS without a persistent database: NSS error code: -8023
[11:11:0531/192000:FATAL:nss_util.cc(209)] nss_error=-8023, os_error=0
[13:13:0531/192003:ERROR:nss_util.cc(207)] Error initializing NSS without a persistent database: NSS error code: -8023
[13:13:0531/192003:FATAL:nss_util.cc(209)] nss_error=-8023, os_error=0
[15:15:0531/192006:ERROR:nss_util.cc(207)] Error initializing NSS without a persistent database: NSS error code: -8023
[15:15:0531/192006:FATAL:nss_util.cc(209)] nss_error=-8023, os_error=0
[17:17:0531/192009:ERROR:nss_util.cc(207)] Error initializing NSS without a persistent database: NSS error code: -8023
[17:17:0531/192009:FATAL:nss_util.cc(209)] nss_error=-8023, os_error=0
我需要一个可以以用户身份运行的脚本，该脚本将修改eth0. 我想出了以下脚本：
#!/bin/bash
/etc/init.d/networking stop
ifconfig eth0 hw ether 00:50:56:98:00:19
/etc/init.d/networking start
我设置了 setuid 权限并将其分配给 root:
-rwsr-xr-x 1 root root 110 May 24 14:22 ChangeMac.sh
但是当我以用户身份运行它时，它仍然会给我以下输出：
$ ./ChangeMac.sh
stop: Rejected send message, 1 matched rules; type="method_call", sender=":1.100" (uid=1000 pid=6746 comm="stop networking ") interface="com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6.Job" member="Stop" error name="(unset)" requested_reply="0" destination="com.ubuntu.Upstart" (uid=0 pid=1 comm="/sbin/init")
SIOCSIFHWADDR: Operation not permitted
start: Rejected send message, 1 matched rules; type="method_call", sender=":1.103" (uid=1000 pid=6753 comm="start networking ") interface="com.ubuntu.Upstart0_6.Job" member="Start" error name="(unset)" requested_reply="0" destination="com.ubuntu.Upstart" (uid=0 pid=1 comm="/sbin/init")
为什么是这样？我怎样才能做到这一点，以便用户可以调用它，但它会以 root 身份执行？
我想在启动noip.com时启动 dyndns 客户端，并使用提供的 debian.noip2.sh 脚本（它从 shell 启动客户端就好了）。我将它复制到/etc/init.d，使其归 root 拥有并授予它755权限。现在当我想安装它时，我得到：
# update-rc.d debian.noip2.sh defaults
insserv: warning: script 'K01debian.noip2.sh' missing LSB tags and overrides
insserv: warning: script 'debian.noip2.sh' missing LSB tags and overrides
insserv: warning: script 'noip' missing LSB tags and overrides
insserv: script virtualbox: service vboxdrv already provided!
insserv: script virtualbox: service virtualbox already provided!
脚本看起来像：
# cat /etc/init.d/debian.noip2.sh
#! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/noip2.sh
# Supplied by no-ip.com
# Modified for Debian GNU/Linux by Eivind L. Rygge <[email protected]>
# corrected 1-17-2004 by Alex Docauer <[email protected]>
# . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # uncomment/modify for your killproc
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/noip2
NAME=noip2
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting dynamic address update: "
start-stop-daemon --start --exec $DAEMON
echo "noip2."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Shutting down dynamic address update:"
start-stop-daemon --stop --oknodo --retry 30 --exec $DAEMON
echo "noip2."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting dynamic address update: "
start-stop-daemon --stop --oknodo --retry 30 --exec $DAEMON
start-stop-daemon --start --exec $DAEMON
echo "noip2."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
我该如何解决这个问题？
我想启动我的虚拟机VirtualBox Manager，但它说它无法访问，我应该检查错误日志，上面写着：
Document is empty.
Location: '/home/ron/VirtualBox VMs/Semios Win7 /Semios Win7 .vbox', line 1 (0), column 1.
/home/vbox/vbox-5.0.12/src/VBox/Main/src-server/MachineImpl.cpp[740] (nsresult Machine::i_registeredInit()).
Result Code:
NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x80004005)
Component:
MachineWrap
Interface:
IMachine {f30138d4-e5ea-4b3a-8858-a059de4c93fd}
唯一的问题是，我不知道如何解释我所看到的。这是什么意思呢？
我想安装flashplugin-installer，但我得到以下信息：
ron@jpax-build11:~$ sudo apt-get install flashplugin-installer
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
x-ttcidfont-conf ttf-mscorefonts-installer ttf-bitstream-vera ttf-dejavu
ttf-xfree86-nonfree xfs
The following NEW packages will be installed:
flashplugin-installer
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 12 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/6,866 B of archives.
After this operation, 140 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package flashplugin-installer.
(Reading database ... 445615 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../flashplugin-installer_11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking flashplugin-installer (11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1) ...
Processing triggers for update-notifier-common (0.154.1ubuntu1) ...
flashplugin-installer: downloading http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20150811.1.orig.tar.gz
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader", line 239, in process_download_requests
dest_file = urllib.urlretrieve(files[i])[0]
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 94, in urlretrieve
return _urlopener.retrieve(url, filename, reporthook, data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 240, in retrieve
fp = self.open(url, data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 208, in open
return getattr(self, name)(url)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 345, in open_http
h.endheaders(data)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 975, in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 835, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 797, in send
self.connect()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 778, in connect
self.timeout, self.source_address)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 553, in create_connection
for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
IOError: [Errno socket error] [Errno -2] Name or service not known
Setting up flashplugin-installer (11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1) ...
ron@jpax-build11:~$
但是我可以下载http://archive.canonical.com/pool/partner/a/adobe-flashplugin/adobe-flashplugin_20150811.1.orig.tar.gz就好了wget但是我不知道之后怎么安装。我怎样才能做到这一点？
谢谢
EDIT1
不确定哪个版本的 Ubuntu，我认为它是12.04版（由于兼容性原因）
$ apt-cache policy flashplugin-installer
flashplugin-installer:
Installed: 11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1
Candidate: 11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1
Version table:
*** 11.2.202.508ubuntu0.14.04.1 0
500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
11.2.202.350ubuntu1 0
500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/multiverse amd64 Packages
ron@jpax-build11:~$
我有一个问题14.04，我的机器不会像往常一样从待机状态恢复到显示密码提示，而是在外壳屏幕上显示一些不包含太多信息的消息。因此，我重新启动我的机器并在启动时，我没有进入 X11 登录屏幕，而是让我进入 shell 登录。我已尝试sudo service lighdm start手动重新启动，但这只会让我黑屏，光标在左上角闪烁。现在我可以取回我的 X 吗？我不知道发生了什么，/var/log/Xorg.0.log我看到类似的东西Device(s) dtected, but none match those in the config file- 我怎样才能调整它以匹配我的两个屏幕？我的/etc/X11/xorg.conf样子：
$ cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf
# nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig
# nvidia-xconfig: version 331.49 (buildmeister@swio-display-x86-rhel47-10) Wed Feb 12 21:00:07 PST 2014
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Layout0"
Screen 0 "Screen0"
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
EndSection
Section "Files"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
# generated from default
Identifier "Mouse0"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/psaux"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
# generated from default
Identifier "Keyboard0"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "Unknown"
HorizSync 28.0 - 33.0
VertRefresh 43.0 - 72.0
Option "DPMS"
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Device0"
Driver "nvidia"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Device0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
$
我连接了两台显示器，一台是a HP 2511x，另一台是anacer AL2216W
编辑 1
自动xorg.conf创建nvidia-xconfig
$ cat /etc/X11/xorg.conf
# nvidia-xconfig: X configuration file generated by nvidia-xconfig
# nvidia-xconfig: version 331.38 (buildmeister@swio-display-x64-rhel04-15) Wed Jan 8 19:53:14 PST 2014
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Layout0"
Screen 0 "Screen0" 0 0
InputDevice "Keyboard0" "CoreKeyboard"
InputDevice "Mouse0" "CorePointer"
EndSection
Section "Files"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
# generated from default
Identifier "Mouse0"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "auto"
Option "Device" "/dev/psaux"
Option "Emulate3Buttons" "no"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
# generated from default
Identifier "Keyboard0"
Driver "kbd"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Monitor0"
VendorName "Unknown"
ModelName "Unknown"
HorizSync 28.0 - 33.0
VertRefresh 43.0 - 72.0
Option "DPMS"
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Device0"
Driver "nvidia"
VendorName "NVIDIA Corporation"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen0"
Device "Device0"
Monitor "Monitor0"
DefaultDepth 24
SubSection "Display"
Depth 24
EndSubSection
EndSection
/var/log/Xorg.0.log:
$ cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log
[ 2426.198]
X.Org X Server 1.15.1
Release Date: 2014-04-13
[ 2426.198] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 2426.198] Build Operating System: Linux 3.2.0-61-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
[ 2426.198] Current Operating System: Linux regDesktopHome 3.13.0-40-generic #69-Ubuntu SMP Thu Nov 13 17:53:56 UTC 2014 x86_64
[ 2426.198] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-40-generic root=UUID=b0488ebc-79a6-49dc-b86f-fd3d9b1d746a ro quiet splash nomdmonddf nomdmonisw nomdmonddf nomdmonisw
[ 2426.198] Build Date: 30 July 2014 12:21:54AM
[ 2426.198] xorg-server 2:1.15.1-0ubuntu2.1 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
[ 2426.198] Current version of pixman: 0.30.2
[ 2426.198] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 2426.198] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 2426.198] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sat Dec 6 12:56:33 2014
[ 2426.199] (==) Using config file: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf"
[ 2426.199] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 2426.199] (==) ServerLayout "Layout0"
[ 2426.199] (**) |-->Screen "Screen0" (0)
[ 2426.199] (**) | |-->Monitor "Monitor0"
[ 2426.199] (**) | |-->Device "Device0"
[ 2426.199] (**) |-->Input Device "Keyboard0"
[ 2426.199] (**) |-->Input Device "Mouse0"
[ 2426.199] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 2426.199] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 2426.199] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 2426.199] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 2426.199] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 2426.199] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[ 2426.199] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 2426.199] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[ 2426.199] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 2426.199] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[ 2426.199] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 2426.199] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[ 2426.200] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 2426.200] (==) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
built-ins
[ 2426.200] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 2426.200] (WW) Hotplugging is on, devices using drivers 'kbd', 'mouse' or 'vmmouse' will be disabled.
[ 2426.200] (WW) Disabling Keyboard0
[ 2426.200] (WW) Disabling Mouse0
[ 2426.200] (II) Loader magic: 0x7fd6d26ead40
[ 2426.200] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 2426.200] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 2426.200] X.Org Video Driver: 15.0
[ 2426.200] X.Org XInput driver : 20.0
[ 2426.200] X.Org Server Extension : 8.0
[ 2426.200] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 2426.201] (--) PCI:*(0:1:0:0) 10de:1040:1043:83c6 rev 161, Mem @ 0xfa000000/16777216, 0xe8000000/134217728, 0xf0000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x0000e000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension Generic Event Extension
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension SHAPE
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SHM
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XInputExtension
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XTEST
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension BIG-REQUESTS
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension SYNC
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XKEYBOARD
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XC-MISC
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension SECURITY
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XINERAMA
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XFIXES
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension RENDER
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension RANDR
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension COMPOSITE
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension DAMAGE
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension DOUBLE-BUFFER
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension RECORD
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension DPMS
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension Present
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension DRI3
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension X-Resource
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XVideo
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XVideo-MotionCompensation
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension SELinux
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-VidModeExtension
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DGA
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension XFree86-DRI
[ 2426.201] Initializing built-in extension DRI2
[ 2426.201] (WW) "glamoregl" will not be loaded unless you've specified it to be loaded elsewhere.
[ 2426.201] (II) "glx" will be loaded by default.
[ 2426.201] (WW) "xmir" is not to be loaded by default. Skipping.
[ 2426.201] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 2426.201] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 2426.213] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.213] compiled for 1.15.1, module version = 1.0.0
[ 2426.213] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 8.0
[ 2426.213] (==) AIGLX enabled
[ 2426.213] Loading extension GLX
[ 2426.213] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[ 2426.213] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia
[ 2426.213] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia"
[ 2426.213] (II) Unloading nvidia
[ 2426.213] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 2426.213] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 5
[ 2426.214] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 6
[ 2426.214] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 2426.214] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[ 2426.214] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia
[ 2426.214] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia"
[ 2426.214] (II) Unloading nvidia
[ 2426.214] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 2426.214] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 2426.214] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 2426.215] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.215] compiled for 1.15.0, module version = 1.0.10
[ 2426.215] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 2426.215] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 2426.215] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 2426.215] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module modesetting
[ 2426.215] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 2426.215] (II) Unloading modesetting
[ 2426.215] (EE) Failed to load module "modesetting" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 2426.215] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 2426.215] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 2426.215] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.215] compiled for 1.15.0, module version = 0.4.4
[ 2426.215] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 2426.215] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 2426.215] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 2426.215] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 2426.216] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.216] compiled for 1.15.0, module version = 2.3.3
[ 2426.216] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 2426.216] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 2426.216] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date: Thu Nov 7 14:56:48 2013 +1000
[ 2426.216] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families :
[ 2426.216] RIVA TNT (NV04)
[ 2426.216] RIVA TNT2 (NV05)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 256 (NV10)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 2 (NV11, NV15)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 4MX (NV17, NV18)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 3 (NV20)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 4Ti (NV25, NV28)
[ 2426.216] GeForce FX (NV3x)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 6 (NV4x)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 7 (G7x)
[ 2426.216] GeForce 8 (G8x)
[ 2426.216] GeForce GTX 200 (NVA0)
[ 2426.216] GeForce GTX 400 (NVC0)
[ 2426.216] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[ 2426.216] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[ 2426.216] (++) using VT number 7
[ 2426.220] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 2426.220] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 2426.220] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 2426.220] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 2426.220] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 2426.220] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 2426.220] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 2426.220] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 2426.221] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.221] compiled for 1.15.1, module version = 0.0.2
[ 2426.221] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 2426.221] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 2426.221] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[ 2426.221] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 2426.221] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 2426.222] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 2426.222] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 2426.222] compiled for 1.15.1, module version = 0.0.2
[ 2426.222] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 15.0
[ 2426.222] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 2426.222] vesa: Ignoring device with a bound kernel driver
[ 2426.222] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
[ 2426.222] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 2426.222] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 2426.222] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 2426.222] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 2426.222] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[ 2426.222] (EE) Device(s) detected, but none match those in the config file.
[ 2426.222] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 2426.222] (EE) no screens found(EE)
[ 2426.222] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 2426.222] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 2426.222] (EE)
[ 2426.223] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
$
编辑 2
$ sudo apt-get install nvidia-331
[sudo] password for ron:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
nvidia-331 is already the newest version.
所以我做了一个，sudo apt-get remove nvidia-331然后是一个sudo apt-get install nvidia-331
我想在我的盒子上安装 LAMP，我安装了apache2, mysql-server, php5& libapache，用 重新启动了 apache sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart，成功执行php -r 'echo "\n\nYour PHP installation is working fine.\n\n\n";'了 我现在得到了默认的Apache2 Ubuntu 默认页面，http://127.0.0.1/但是我的php文件去哪里了？看起来 php 没有从内部执行，/var/www/html/浏览器在/var/www/. 我的 php 应用程序应该去哪里？
谢谢！
我需要重置本地 mysql 安装的 root 密码，但它不会让我这样做。我试过这个：
$ sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop
* Stopping MySQL database server mysqld [ OK ]
[1]- Exit 1 sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
[2]+ Exit 1 sudo /usr/sbin/mysqld --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
reg@regDesktopHome:~$ sudo mysqld --skip-grant-tables &
[1] 13651
reg@regDesktopHome:~$ 140627 19:02:02 [Warning] Using unique option prefix key_buffer instead of key_buffer_size is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use the full name instead.
reg@regDesktopHome:~$ mysql -u root mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
reg@regDesktopHome:~$ sudo mysql -u root mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[1]+ Exit 1 sudo mysqld --skip-grant-tables
我怎样才能重设密码？ 编辑 1 我得到这个：
$ ps ax| grep mysql
16515 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
16551 pts/23 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios/v3upgrade$ sudo kill -9 16515
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios/v3upgrade$ ps ax| grep mysql
16678 ? Ssl 0:00 /usr/sbin/mysqld
16715 pts/23 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios/v3upgrade$ mysql -u root
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
看起来一个进程在我杀死它后会自动重新启动 mysql ...
我升级到 14.04，现在我的笔记本电脑无法再“休眠”，即暂停到 RAM 不起作用。我怎样才能找出问题所在并解决这个问题？
编辑 1
我的硬件是ASUS Zenbook UX32A
编辑 2
好吧，我的机器上没有脚本/etc/acpi/sleep.sh。我安装得很巧妙，这就是我得到的：
$ sudo hibernate-ram
hibernate-ram:Warning: Tuxonice binary signature file not found.
s2ram: unknown machine, see s2ram(8) and the USuspendRamForce option
hibernate-ram: Aborting.
$
我刚刚将我的盒子升级到 14.04 并且在启动时我收到一条消息，我的 RAID 设备无法自动安装所以我选择跳过它并在启动时间后完成它。现在启动，A mount -a 给我：
$ sudo mount -a
[sudo] password for reg:
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md0,
missing codepage or helper program, or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/md1,
missing codepage or helper program, or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
$
而我的 mdadm.conf 看起来像：
$ cat /etc/mdadm/mdadm.conf
# mdadm.conf
#
# Please refer to mdadm.conf(5) for information about this file.
#
# by default (built-in), scan all partitions (/proc/partitions) and all
# containers for MD superblocks. alternatively, specify devices to scan, using
# wildcards if desired.
#DEVICE partitions containers
# auto-create devices with Debian standard permissions CREATE owner=root group=disk mode=0660 auto=yes
# automatically tag new arrays as belonging to the local system HOMEHOST <system>
# instruct the monitoring daemon where to send mail alerts MAILADDR root
# next line added by reg 09/01/2009 ARRAY /dev/md0 devices=/dev/sdb6,/dev/sdc6 ARRAY /dev/md1 devices=/dev/sdb7,/dev/sdc7
#ARRAY /dev/md2 devices=/dev/sdb8,/dev/sdc8
# definitions of existing MD arrays
# This file was auto-generated on Tue, 08 May 2012 18:26:22 -0700
# by mkconf $Id$ $
刚刚快速启动 gparted 以检查我的所有 dirves 是否都显示出来并且足够公平，我的分区 6 和 7 在驱动器 sdb 和 sdc 上显示得很好。此外，似乎 mdadm 运行得很好：
$ ps ax | grep mdadm
1945 ? Ss 0:00 /sbin/mdadm --monitor --pid-file /run/mdadm/monitor.pid --daemonise --scan --syslog
7869 pts/8 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto mdadm
$
我的问题可能是什么，我不太理解：
$ dmesg | tail
[ 1437.716819] EXT4-fs (md0): bad geometry: block count 61034935 exceeds size of device (61034912 blocks)
[ 1437.717197] EXT4-fs (md1): mounting ext3 file system using the ext4 subsystem
[ 1437.717422] EXT4-fs (md1): bad geometry: block count 59585077 exceeds size of device (59585056 blocks)
[ 3030.508560] init: nvidia-persistenced main process (21110) terminated with status 1
[ 3757.003367] current rate 16719823 is different from the runtime rate 48000
[ 3757.006356] current rate 10357448 is different from the runtime rate 48000
[ 3850.605129] EXT4-fs (md0): mounting ext3 file system using the ext4 subsystem
[ 3850.605299] EXT4-fs (md0): bad geometry: block count 61034935 exceeds size of device (61034912 blocks)
[ 3850.605585] EXT4-fs (md1): mounting ext3 file system using the ext4 subsystem
[ 3850.605782] EXT4-fs (md1): bad geometry: block count 59585077 exceeds size of device (59585056 blocks)
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$
系统日志只说 mdadm：
$ sudo mdadm --detail --scan
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md/127_0: No such file or directory
ARRAY /dev/md1 metadata=0.90 UUID=0abe503f:401d8d09:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
ARRAY /dev/md0 metadata=0.90 UUID=91e560f1:4e51d8eb:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
$
和 mdstat
$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md0 : active raid1 sdb6[1] sdc6[0]
244139648 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md1 : active raid1 sdb7[1] sdc7[0]
238340224 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md127 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sdc3[0]
390628416 blocks [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
$
和 mdadm --detail md0:
$ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Tue Sep 1 19:15:33 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Used Dev Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
UUID : 91e560f1:4e51d8eb:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Events : 0.75007
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 38 0 active sync /dev/sdc6
1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6\
mdadm——细节md1：
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 0.90
Creation Time : Tue Sep 8 21:19:15 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Used Dev Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
UUID : 0abe503f:401d8d09:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Events : 0.3973383
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 39 0 active sync /dev/sdc7
1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
$
mdadm -- 检查 sdb6
$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdb6
/dev/sdb6:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 0.90.00
UUID : 91e560f1:4e51d8eb:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Creation Time : Tue Sep 1 19:15:33 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Used Dev Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Array Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : bfa701ff - correct
Events : 75007
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
0 0 8 38 0 active sync /dev/sdc6
1 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
mdadm -- 检查 sdb7
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdb7
/dev/sdb7:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 0.90.00
UUID : 0abe503f:401d8d09:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Creation Time : Tue Sep 8 21:19:15 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Used Dev Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Array Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 1
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 2a7376fd - correct
Events : 3973383
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
0 0 8 39 0 active sync /dev/sdc7
1 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
mdadm -- 检查 sdc6
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdc6
/dev/sdc6:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 0.90.00
UUID : 91e560f1:4e51d8eb:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Creation Time : Tue Sep 1 19:15:33 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Used Dev Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Array Size : 244139648 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 0
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : bfa7020d - correct
Events : 75007
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 38 0 active sync /dev/sdc6
0 0 8 38 0 active sync /dev/sdc6
1 1 8 22 1 active sync /dev/sdb6
mdadm -- 检查 sdc7
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$ sudo mdadm --examine /dev/sdc7
/dev/sdc7:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 0.90.00
UUID : 0abe503f:401d8d09:cd707cc0:bc3f8165
Creation Time : Tue Sep 8 21:19:15 2009
Raid Level : raid1
Used Dev Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Array Size : 238340224 (227.30 GiB 244.06 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Preferred Minor : 1
Update Time : Sun May 4 21:32:24 2014
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Checksum : 2a73770b - correct
Events : 3973383
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
this 0 8 39 0 active sync /dev/sdc7
0 0 8 39 0 active sync /dev/sdc7
1 1 8 23 1 active sync /dev/sdb7
$
parted 是这样描述 sdb 的：
$ sudo parted /dev/sdb unit mib print free
Model: ATA ST31000528AS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 953870MiB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 0.03MiB 95370MiB 95370MiB primary ext4 boot
3 95370MiB 476843MiB 381473MiB primary ext4
2 476843MiB 953859MiB 477016MiB extended
6 476843MiB 715261MiB 238418MiB logical ext3
7 715261MiB 948015MiB 232754MiB logical ext3
5 948015MiB 953859MiB 5844MiB logical linux-swap(v1)
953859MiB 953870MiB 10.3MiB Free Space
这是关于 sdc 的：
reg@regDesktopHome:~/semios$ sudo parted /dev/sdc unit mib print free
Model: ATA ST31000528AS (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 953870MiB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 0.03MiB 95370MiB 95370MiB primary ext4 boot
3 95370MiB 476843MiB 381473MiB primary ext4
2 476843MiB 953859MiB 477016MiB extended
6 476843MiB 715261MiB 238418MiB logical ext3
7 715261MiB 948015MiB 232754MiB logical ext3
5 948015MiB 953859MiB 5844MiB logical linux-swap(v1)
953859MiB 953870MiB 10.3MiB Free Space
$
那么如何让我的阵列 abck 启动并运行呢？我在这些磁盘上有一些重要数据，我认为它是 RAID 1 阵列的安全...