如何找到在 debian 包管理系统之外修改或添加的每个文件的列表？
Cruft 没有维护，也不知道当今的 debian 包管理工具等的工作方式。例如，它错过了 postinst 创建的文件和日志，这些文件和日志实际上被列为由包处理并且自安装日期/时间以来没有被修改。
我使用了一个工具来计算您可以安装的最小软件包集，以获取您拥有的当前软件包集。这不同于告诉您您的选择是什么。它确实找到了最短的包列表，这些包将通过依赖项为您提供当前拥有的内容。
我忘了在哪里可以找到这个工具。这叫什么？
出于内核日志记录的目的，为什么我在 、 和 之间有三个不同的、不包含在内的日志/var/log/messages记录/var/log/syslog级别/var/log/kern.log？
我的 MacBook Pro 运行时间越长，运行速度就越慢。我收到内核警告。
一些（但不是全部）重置与交流电源的连接和断开相关。我认为警告不会。（我怎么知道？）
这些错误是什么？是什么原因造成的？
这会损坏驱动器或损坏数据吗？是什么激发了这些？
02:37:16[ 0.791992] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: PCI INT A -> Link[LSI0] -> GSI 20 (level, low) -> IRQ 20
02:37:16[ 0.792047] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: irq 43 for MSI/MSI-X
02:37:16[ 0.792053] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: controller can't do PMP, turning off CAP_PMP
02:37:16[ 0.792104] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: AHCI 0001.0200 32 slots 6 ports 1.5 Gbps 0x3 impl IDE mode
02:37:16[ 0.792107] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: flags: 64bit ncq sntf pm led pio slum part boh
02:37:16[ 0.792111] ahci 0000:00:0b.0: setting latency timer to 64
02:37:16[ 0.813473] scsi0 : ahci
02:37:16[ 0.823340] scsi1 : ahci
02:37:16[ 0.848164] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m8192@0xe7484000 port 0xe7484100 irq 43
02:37:16[ 0.848166] ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m8192@0xe7484000 port 0xe7484180 irq 43
02:37:16[ 1.190132] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:16[ 1.190153] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:16[ 1.213568] ata1.00: ATA-8: OCZ-VERTEX2, 1.23, max UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 1.213572] ata1.00: 195371568 sectors, multi 1: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)
02:37:16[ 1.227293] ata2.00: ATA-8: ST9500420ASG, 0002SDM1, max UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 1.227297] ata2.00: 976773168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)
02:37:16[ 1.229570] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 1.240120] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5850000 action 0xe frozen
02:37:16[ 1.240123] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:16[ 1.240127] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:16[ 1.240133] ata2: hard resetting link
02:37:16[ 1.260738] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 1.280111] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5850000 action 0xe frozen
02:37:16[ 1.280114] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:16[ 1.280118] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:16[ 1.280122] ata1: hard resetting link
02:37:16[ 1.990101] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:16[ 1.994215] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 1.994220] ata2: EH complete
02:37:16[ 2.030097] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:16[ 2.090773] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:16[ 2.090778] ata1: EH complete
02:37:16[ 2.090931] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA OCZ-VERTEX2 1.23 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
02:37:16[ 2.091045] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
02:37:16[ 2.091121] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 195371568 512-byte logical blocks: (100 GB/93.1 GiB)
02:37:16[ 2.091159] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access ATA ST9500420ASG 0002 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5
02:37:16[ 2.091163] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
02:37:16[ 2.091165] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
02:37:16[ 2.091183] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
02:37:16[ 2.091252] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg1 type 0
02:37:16[ 2.091446] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] 976773168 512-byte logical blocks: (500 GB/465 GiB)
02:37:16[ 2.091580] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
02:37:16[ 2.091582] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 3a 00 00
02:37:16[ 2.091637] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Write cache: enabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
02:37:16[ 2.093140] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI disk
02:37:16[ 2.093773] sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
02:37:16[ 2.693899] EXT4-fs (dm-0): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
02:37:16[ 5.483492] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro
02:37:16[ 7.905040] EXT4-fs (dm-2): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
02:37:25[ 19.553095] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:37:25[ 19.555266] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:37:25[ 19.641532] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:37:25[ 19.641532] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:25[ 19.641532] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:25[ 19.641533] ata1: hard resetting link
02:37:25[ 19.642076] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:37:25[ 19.642078] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:25[ 19.642081] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:25[ 19.642084] ata2: hard resetting link
02:37:26[ 20.392606] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:26[ 20.392610] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:26[ 20.396697] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:26[ 20.396703] ata2: EH complete
02:37:26[ 20.451491] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:26[ 20.451498] ata1: EH complete
02:37:30[ 24.563725] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:37:30[ 24.565939] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:37:30[ 24.627236] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5900000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:37:30[ 24.627240] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:30[ 24.627242] ata1: SError: { Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:30[ 24.627246] ata1: hard resetting link
02:37:30[ 24.632241] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:37:30[ 24.632244] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:37:30[ 24.632247] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:37:30[ 24.632250] ata2: hard resetting link
02:37:31[ 25.372582] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:31[ 25.382615] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
02:37:31[ 25.386782] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:31[ 25.386788] ata2: EH complete
02:37:31[ 25.431668] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:37:31[ 25.431674] ata1: EH complete
02:45:54[ 529.141844] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=0
02:45:55[ 529.544529] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=0
02:45:55[ 529.622561] ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps
02:45:55[ 529.622568] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5850000 action 0xe frozen
02:45:55[ 529.622572] ata1: irq_stat 0x00400040, connection status changed
02:45:55[ 529.622576] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:55[ 529.622583] ata1: hard resetting link
02:45:55[ 529.622609] ata2: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps
02:45:55[ 529.622613] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen
02:45:55[ 529.622616] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:45:55[ 529.622620] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:55[ 529.622624] ata2: hard resetting link
02:45:56[ 530.380135] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:45:56[ 530.380157] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:45:56[ 530.384305] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:45:56[ 530.384314] ata2: EH complete
02:45:56[ 530.399225] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:45:56[ 530.399233] ata1: EH complete
02:45:58[ 532.395990] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:45:58[ 532.518270] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:45:58[ 532.590968] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5840000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:45:58[ 532.590973] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:45:58[ 532.590977] ata1: SError: { CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:58[ 532.590983] ata1: hard resetting link
02:45:58[ 532.591034] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:45:58[ 532.591037] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:45:58[ 532.591041] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:58[ 532.591045] ata2: hard resetting link
02:45:59[ 533.340147] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:45:59[ 533.340168] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:45:59[ 533.344416] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:45:59[ 533.344424] ata2: EH complete
02:45:59[ 533.360839] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:45:59[ 533.360847] ata1: EH complete
02:45:59[ 533.584449] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=0
02:45:59[ 533.586999] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=0
02:45:59[ 533.660117] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen
02:45:59[ 533.660122] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:45:59[ 533.660126] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:59[ 533.660132] ata2: hard resetting link
02:45:59[ 533.660141] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5850000 action 0xe frozen
02:45:59[ 533.660143] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:45:59[ 533.660147] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:45:59[ 533.660151] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:00[ 534.412536] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:00[ 534.412562] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:00[ 534.416768] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:46:00[ 534.416777] ata2: EH complete
02:46:00[ 534.431396] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:46:00[ 534.431401] ata1: EH complete
02:46:03[ 537.384649] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:46:03[ 537.504214] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:46:03[ 537.585992] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5900000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:03[ 537.585996] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:03[ 537.585999] ata1: SError: { Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:03[ 537.586002] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:03[ 537.586028] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:03[ 537.586030] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:03[ 537.586033] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:03[ 537.586036] ata2: hard resetting link
02:46:04[ 538.330147] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:04[ 538.330168] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:04[ 538.334389] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:46:04[ 538.334398] ata2: EH complete
02:46:04[ 538.343511] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
02:46:04[ 538.343519] ata1: EH complete
02:46:04[ 538.456413] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=0
02:46:04[ 538.459404] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=0
02:46:04[ 538.540138] ata1.00: limiting speed to UDMA/100:PIO4
02:46:04[ 538.540144] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5850000 action 0xe frozen
02:46:04[ 538.540148] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:04[ 538.540153] ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:04[ 538.540159] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:04[ 538.540202] ata2.00: limiting speed to UDMA/100:PIO4
02:46:04[ 538.540207] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5950000 action 0xe frozen
02:46:04[ 538.540211] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:04[ 538.540215] ata2: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:04[ 538.540220] ata2: hard resetting link
02:46:05[ 539.290054] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:05[ 539.290041] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:05[ 539.294100] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/100
02:46:05[ 539.294106] ata2: EH complete
02:46:05[ 539.314125] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/100
02:46:05[ 539.314132] ------------[ cut here ]------------
02:46:05[ 539.314140] WARNING: at /build/buildd/linux-2.6.35/drivers/ata/libata-eh.c:3638 ata_eh_finish+0xdf/0xf0()
02:46:05[ 539.314144] Hardware name: MacBookPro5,3
02:46:05[ 539.314146] Modules linked in: michael_mic arc4 xt_multiport binfmt_misc rfcomm sco bnep l2cap parport_pc ppdev nvidia(P) ipt_REJECT xt_recent snd_hda_codec_cirrus xt_limit xt_tcpudp ipt_addrtype xt_state snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi applesmc led_class ip6table_filter lib80211_crypt_tkip snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event ip6_tables input_polldev hid_apple snd_seq wl(P) snd_timer snd_seq_device snd joydev bcm5974 usbhid mbp_nvidia_bl uvcvideo btusb videodev v4l1_compat v4l2_compat_ioctl32 nf_nat_irc hid nf_conntrack_irc soundcore snd_page_alloc i2c_nforce2 coretemp lib80211 bluetooth nf_nat_ftp nf_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_conntrack_ftp nf_conntrack lp parport iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables usb_storage firewire_ohci firewire_core forcedeth crc_itu_t ahci libahci
02:46:05[ 539.314221] Pid: 202, comm: scsi_eh_0 Tainted: P 2.6.35-25-generic #44-Ubuntu
02:46:05[ 539.314224] Call Trace:
02:46:05[ 539.314233] [<ffffffff8106091f>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7f/0xc0
02:46:05[ 539.314237] [<ffffffff8106097a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
02:46:05[ 539.314242] [<ffffffff813dc77f>] ata_eh_finish+0xdf/0xf0
02:46:05[ 539.314246] [<ffffffff813e441e>] sata_pmp_error_handler+0x2e/0x40
02:46:05[ 539.314256] [<ffffffffa00021bf>] ahci_error_handler+0x1f/0x90 [libahci]
02:46:05[ 539.314261] [<ffffffff813dd6d2>] ata_scsi_error+0x492/0x5e0
02:46:05[ 539.314266] [<ffffffff813b24cd>] scsi_error_handler+0x10d/0x190
02:46:05[ 539.314270] [<ffffffff813b23c0>] ? scsi_error_handler+0x0/0x190
02:46:05[ 539.314275] [<ffffffff8107f266>] kthread+0x96/0xa0
02:46:05[ 539.314280] [<ffffffff8100aee4>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
02:46:05[ 539.314284] [<ffffffff8107f1d0>] ? kthread+0x0/0xa0
02:46:05[ 539.314288] [<ffffffff8100aee0>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10
02:46:05[ 539.314291] ---[ end trace 76dbffc2d5d49d9b ]---
02:46:05[ 539.314296] ata1: EH complete
02:46:12[ 547.040091] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen
02:46:12[ 547.040098] ata1.00: failed command: IDENTIFY DEVICE
02:46:12[ 547.040106] ata1.00: cmd ec/00:00:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/40 tag 0 pio 512 in
02:46:12[ 547.040108] res 40/00:01:00:00:00/00:00:00:00:00/e0 Emask 0x4 (timeout)
02:46:12[ 547.040111] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }
02:46:12[ 547.040117] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:13[ 547.390144] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:13[ 547.408430] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/100
02:46:13[ 547.408438] ------------[ cut here ]------------
02:46:13[ 547.408447] WARNING: at /build/buildd/linux-2.6.35/drivers/ata/libata-eh.c:3638 ata_eh_finish+0xdf/0xf0()
02:46:13[ 547.408451] Hardware name: MacBookPro5,3
02:46:13[ 547.408453] Modules linked in: michael_mic arc4 xt_multiport binfmt_misc rfcomm sco bnep l2cap parport_pc ppdev nvidia(P) ipt_REJECT xt_recent snd_hda_codec_cirrus xt_limit xt_tcpudp ipt_addrtype xt_state snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi applesmc led_class ip6table_filter lib80211_crypt_tkip snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event ip6_tables input_polldev hid_apple snd_seq wl(P) snd_timer snd_seq_device snd joydev bcm5974 usbhid mbp_nvidia_bl uvcvideo btusb videodev v4l1_compat v4l2_compat_ioctl32 nf_nat_irc hid nf_conntrack_irc soundcore snd_page_alloc i2c_nforce2 coretemp lib80211 bluetooth nf_nat_ftp nf_nat nf_conntrack_ipv4 nf_defrag_ipv4 nf_conntrack_ftp nf_conntrack lp parport iptable_filter ip_tables x_tables usb_storage firewire_ohci firewire_core forcedeth crc_itu_t ahci libahci
02:46:13[ 547.408528] Pid: 202, comm: scsi_eh_0 Tainted: P W 2.6.35-25-generic #44-Ubuntu
02:46:13[ 547.408531] Call Trace:
02:46:13[ 547.408540] [<ffffffff8106091f>] warn_slowpath_common+0x7f/0xc0
02:46:13[ 547.408544] [<ffffffff8106097a>] warn_slowpath_null+0x1a/0x20
02:46:13[ 547.408549] [<ffffffff813dc77f>] ata_eh_finish+0xdf/0xf0
02:46:13[ 547.408553] [<ffffffff813e441e>] sata_pmp_error_handler+0x2e/0x40
02:46:13[ 547.408563] [<ffffffffa00021bf>] ahci_error_handler+0x1f/0x90 [libahci]
02:46:13[ 547.408567] [<ffffffff813dd6d2>] ata_scsi_error+0x492/0x5e0
02:46:13[ 547.408572] [<ffffffff813b24cd>] scsi_error_handler+0x10d/0x190
02:46:13[ 547.408577] [<ffffffff813b23c0>] ? scsi_error_handler+0x0/0x190
02:46:13[ 547.408582] [<ffffffff8107f266>] kthread+0x96/0xa0
02:46:13[ 547.408587] [<ffffffff8100aee4>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
02:46:13[ 547.408591] [<ffffffff8107f1d0>] ? kthread+0x0/0xa0
02:46:13[ 547.408595] [<ffffffff8100aee0>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10
02:46:13[ 547.408598] ---[ end trace 76dbffc2d5d49d9c ]---
02:46:13[ 547.408620] ata1: EH complete
02:46:13[ 547.562470] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:46:13[ 547.671380] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:46:13[ 547.738198] ata1.00: limiting speed to UDMA/33:PIO4
02:46:13[ 547.738204] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5800000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:13[ 547.738208] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:13[ 547.738212] ata1: SError: { LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:13[ 547.738218] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:13[ 547.738262] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5900000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:13[ 547.738265] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:13[ 547.738269] ata2: SError: { Dispar LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:13[ 547.738274] ata2: hard resetting link
02:46:14[ 548.482561] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:14[ 548.484083] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:14[ 548.486809] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/100
02:46:14[ 548.486818] ata2: EH complete
02:46:14[ 548.498998] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/33
02:46:14[ 548.499004] ata1: EH complete
02:46:18[ 552.410499] EXT4-fs (dm-0): re-mounted. Opts: errors=remount-ro,commit=600
02:46:18[ 552.522521] EXT4-fs (dm-2): re-mounted. Opts: commit=600
02:46:18[ 552.529674] ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5800000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:18[ 552.529678] ata1: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:18[ 552.529680] ata1: SError: { LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:18[ 552.529684] ata1: hard resetting link
02:46:18[ 552.529716] ata2: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x5800000 action 0xe frozen t4
02:46:18[ 552.529718] ata2: irq_stat 0x00000040, connection status changed
02:46:18[ 552.529720] ata2: SError: { LinkSeq TrStaTrns DevExch }
02:46:18[ 552.529723] ata2: hard resetting link
02:46:19[ 553.280059] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:19[ 553.280068] ata2: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 310)
02:46:19[ 553.284141] ata2.00: configured for UDMA/100
02:46:19[ 553.284150] ata2: EH complete
02:46:19[ 553.301629] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/33
02:46:19[ 553.301637] ata1: EH complete
我有一台服务器，在升级到 10.04 时，它现在正在运行“按需”CPU 缩放守护程序。为什么会自动安装这个？我不希望我的服务器以牺牲性能为代价来节省电力。
我有一个运行 ufw 的 NAT 盒（Ubu 10.04），其内容如下sudo ufw status verbose：
Status: active
Logging: on (low)
Default: deny (incoming), allow (outgoing)
New profiles: skip
To Action From
-- ------ ----
22480/tcp LIMIT IN Anywhere
当我nmap -PN -p 22 192.168.0.0/24找到在我的 NATed（工作正常）内部网络上运行的所有 SSH 时，我得到以下信息：
Starting Nmap 5.00 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2010-08-16 23:06 EDT
0 ports scanned on 192.168.0.0
Interesting ports on 192.168.0.1:
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp closed ssh
Interesting ports on 192.168.0.2:
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp filtered ssh
Interesting ports on 192.168.0.3:
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp filtered ssh
Interesting ports on 192.168.0.4:
PORT STATE SERVICE
22/tcp filtered ssh
... Continuing for all 254 IPs ...
请注意，其他 IP（2、3、4、...）上没有机器。
为什么这个 UFW 规则会导致这种情况？为什么 UFW 输入规则会干扰从路由器到内部网络的 nmap 功能？这不是输入，并且 ufw 设置为阻塞输入端口而不阻塞输出到端口的默认配置（上述除外）。
另外，我怎样才能让它停止记录它收到的所有不重要的废话？我确实希望它记录发往我 IP 的内容，但不希望在外部（可路由）网络上广播来自 Windows 机器的流量。这些东西的日志记录确实使日志变得巨大。
qemu-kqemu 和 Ubuntu 10.04 的 kqemu 模块构建器在哪里有一个好的（工作，没有依赖问题）PPA？
从中获取 10.04 的 kqemu 的一个好的 PPA 将是一个具有设置为正确处理依赖项的工作包的 PPA，并且可以安装而无需保留包或覆盖以将 qemu 和 kqemu 保持在 PPA 版本。由于上游支持已经消失，因此不太可能进行更新。
请不要建议替代方案，除非您可以证明它们在磁盘 I/O 和无 VT 机器上的网络上比 kqemu 更快。我很清楚 kqemu 开发已经停止，Canonical 也停止了对 KQEMU 的支持，让需要快速虚拟化的无 VT 用户望而却步。
Ubuntu 存储库中是否有可用的网络同步多用户 IDE？
如果是这样，你是怎么知道的？这不是那种有一个易于搜索的名字的东西......