问题[initramfs](ubuntu)

对于某些错误，initramfs 将进入恢复控制台，以允许用户在启动前修复问题。

这对于安全性（例如，在面向客户的信息亭）和恢复系统的能力（例如，无人值守系统和物联网设备）方面都可能是一个问题

有没有办法重新配置它以便重新启动？

我可以配置 grub，以便在系统未达到稳定状态时它会尝试不同的引导选项，但如果它只是坐在那里等待永远不会出现的用户输入，我就无能为力。

请注意，系统并非完全不可恢复，引导失败通常可以通过回滚到以前的工作配置在引​​导加载程序中解决。这种技术在物联网中非常常见。但是，物联网设备可能会在出现故障时自动重启。

在我的 Ubuntu 20.04 系统硬重启后，我遇到了这个启动问题。

到目前为止，我尝试过的一切都没有结果：

1. boot-repair从 Live CD修复引导。
2. 重建我的 ramdisk sudo update-initramfs -c -k $(uname -r)。

这两种解决方案似乎都是 initramfs 启动问题的典型故障排除方法，但它们对我不起作用。有人可以提出其他建议吗？

在使用 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 时我无法再做任何事情后，我不得不强制关闭电源，现在它不再启动了。我进行了硬件检查，一切似乎都很好（显然我特别担心硬盘驱动器）。

当我尝试启动 Ubuntu 时，最终会出现在 BusyBox shell 中。在输入“exit”以获取更多信息（如许多其他线程中所建议的那样）后，我得到了这个： 输出

无论我尝试内核 5.4.0-53 还是 5.4.0-52，都会发生这种情况。在启动过程中我没有任何其他选择。

切换到恢复模式（同样不管哪个内核）我得到了更多的输出，然后重复这个：输出

我尝试使用 Ubuntu Live CD 访问我的数据，但没有 /dev/sda*，只有两个分区（UEFI 和 LVM Linux）。

现在我开始担心了。我希望有一个人可以帮助我。先感谢您。

我最近擦拭了我的盒子并安装了我喜欢并且很棒的 20.10！这一次我决定我想生活在边缘并使用实验性的 zfs 支持，但是在安装包和更新一段时间后，我现在有一个奇怪的问题，我的引导 zpool 太满了。

每当我在软件更新程序中点击“立即更新”时，我都会收到如下消息：

The upgrade needs a total of 254 M free space on disk '/boot'. Please free at least an additional 194 M of disk space on '/boot'. You can remove old kernels using 'sudo apt autoremove', and you could also set COMPRESS=xz in /etc/initramfs-tools/initramfs.conf to reduce the size of your initramfs.

我运行sudo apt autoremove了它并没有删除任何内容，我犹豫要更改我的 initramfs 上的压缩，因为这更像是对可能的较低问题的补丁（也许我错了哈哈）。

我仍然可以手动升级，sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade但每次都会收到此错误：

ERROR couldn't save system state: Minimum free space to take a snapshot and preserve ZFS performance is 20%.

当我跑步时，zpool list我得到：

NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  CKPOINT  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP    HEALTH  ALTROOT
bpool  1.88G  1.69G   185M        -         -    47%    90%  1.00x    ONLINE  -
rpool   460G   165G   295G        -         -    10%    35%  1.00x    ONLINE  -

所以我的引导池容量为 90%...

我还尝试zsysctl service gc -a删除快照，但这似乎并没有改变 bpool 的使用...

所以也许我需要改变我的 bpool 分配大小？我怎么做？

当我升级/安装时，我也遇到了一些奇怪的 initramfs 故障，但我不确定这是否相关？

Setting up initramfs-tools (0.137ubuntu12) ...
update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
Setting up linux-firmware (1.190.1+system76~1605123765~20.10~3894207) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.8.0-29-generic
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/nvme0n1p2
I: (UUID=05a735a7-9e82-494e-be9b-171b1c132af5)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
Error 24 : Write error : cannot write compressed block 
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 lz4 -9 -l 24
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.8.0-29-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing package linux-firmware (--configure):
 installed linux-firmware package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.137ubuntu12) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-5.8.0-29-generic
I: The initramfs will attempt to resume from /dev/nvme0n1p2
I: (UUID=05a735a7-9e82-494e-be9b-171b1c132af5)
I: Set the RESUME variable to override this.
Error 24 : Write error : cannot write compressed block 
E: mkinitramfs failure cpio 141 lz4 -9 -l 24
update-initramfs: failed for /boot/initrd.img-5.8.0-29-generic with 1.
dpkg: error processing package initramfs-tools (--configure):
 installed initramfs-tools package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-firmware
 initramfs-tools
ZSys is adding automatic system snapshot to GRUB menu
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

runningzfs list -t snapshot显示了 bpool 的一堆快照：

NAME                                                                                                   USED  AVAIL     REFER  MOUNTPOINT
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_z4aetj                                                                72K      -      237M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_mtxh3h                                                                72K      -      237M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_72y92u                                                               105M      -      357M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_lo8d22                                                              85.2M      -      337M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_y7ihca                                                               104M      -      336M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_qs6vz5                                                              85.2M      -      318M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_cyg6vx                                                                72K      -      337M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_r6e64v                                                                56K      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_nrhjqi                                                                56K      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_kgfl6b                                                               104M      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_nw3nk0                                                              85.1M      -      199M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_m1b6l9                                                               104M      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_hnt98o                                                              85.1M      -      199M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_rj8ttq                                                                64K      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_da1f4s                                                                 0B      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_ljdo3n                                                                 0B      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_danwfz                                                                 0B      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_4sjbka                                                               104M      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_gl3ru4                                                                 0B      -      218M  -
bpool/BOOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_tdbgin                                                                 0B      -      218M  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_z4aetj                                                              71.7M      -     5.10G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_mtxh3h                                                               217M      -     5.25G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_72y92u                                                              33.3M      -     5.43G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_lo8d22                                                              30.2M      -     5.30G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_y7ihca                                                               224M      -     5.42G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_qs6vz5                                                              27.8M      -     5.23G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_cyg6vx                                                              56.3M      -     5.51G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_r6e64v                                                              56.6M      -     5.29G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_nrhjqi                                                              30.6M      -     5.29G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_kgfl6b                                                              7.01M      -     5.25G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_nw3nk0                                                              29.6M      -     5.17G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_m1b6l9                                                               222M      -     5.32G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_hnt98o                                                              27.7M      -     5.13G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_rj8ttq                                                              26.2M      -     5.17G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_da1f4s                                                               155M      -     5.29G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_ljdo3n                                                              24.9M      -     5.61G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_danwfz                                                               181M      -     5.74G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_4sjbka                                                               498M      -     5.66G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_gl3ru4                                                                 0B      -     5.92G  -
rpool/ROOT/ubuntu_fjp6bn@autozsys_tdbgin                                                                 0B      -     5.92G  -

但是我对 zfs 或 zsys 不够坚定，不知道我是否可以只销毁快照？

打开我的笔记本电脑后，Ubuntu 徽标出现了几秒钟，然后 BusyBox (initrams) 控制台弹出。

它显示一条ACPI和一条PKCS#7错误消息。

我在一些论坛上读到 PKCS#7 消息与 Nvidia 显卡有关，但我不知道如何修复它。任何想法？

谢谢你。

更多信息：

我的笔记本电脑是华硕 N56V。它具有第三代英特尔酷睿 i7 和 Nvidia GeForce GT 635M。

它具有 Windows 8 的双启动功能。

几天前安装了 ubuntu 20.04LTS。我无法启动，每次我尝试它都会将我发送到带有 initramfs 错误的busybox。我已经在这个网站上搜索了解决方案，但没有找到。

我已经输入了 exit 但它没有显示任何内容。我预计它至少会显示一些错误。我使用 live USB 访问 Gparted，但我没有看到我的硬盘。

我运行 fdisk -l 和 df -h 命令并得到以下输出：

    Disk /dev/loop0: 1.98 GiB, 2103640064 bytes, 4108672 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop1: 29.9 MiB, 31334400 bytes, 61200 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop2: 54.98 MiB, 57626624 bytes, 112552 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop3: 255.58 MiB, 267980800 bytes, 523400 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop4: 62.9 MiB, 65105920 bytes, 127160 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/loop5: 49.8 MiB, 52203520 bytes, 101960 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 14.54 GiB, 15597568000 bytes, 30464000 sectors
Disk model: Cruzer Blade    
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x007e70e5

Device     Boot Start      End  Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *     2048 30463999 30461952 14.5G  c W95 FAT32 (LBA)


root@ubuntu:~# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev            2.8G     0  2.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs           583M  1.7M  581M   1% /run
/dev/sda1        15G  2.6G   12G  18% /cdrom
/dev/loop0      2.0G  2.0G     0 100% /rofs
/cow            2.9G  132M  2.8G   5% /
tmpfs           2.9G   50M  2.8G   2% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M  8.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs           2.9G     0  2.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           2.9G     0  2.9G   0% /tmp
tmpfs           583M   72K  582M   1% /run/user/999
/dev/loop1       30M   30M     0 100% /snap/snapd/8542
/dev/loop2       55M   55M     0 100% /snap/core18/1880
/dev/loop3      256M  256M     0 100% /snap/gnome-3-34-1804/36
/dev/loop4       63M   63M     0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1506
/dev/loop5       50M   50M     0 100% /snap/snap-store/467

我可以在 BIOS 中看到我的硬盘。但它没有出现在 Gparted 和磁盘实用程序中。

是硬盘有问题还是软件相关的问题？

Comreset 错误 2 3 4 5

我从 20.04 升级到 Ubuntu 20.10。然后重新启动后显示“Initramfs 解包失败：解码失败”。

画面说：

[0.431776] Initramfs unpacking failed: Decoding failed
/dev/sad1:recovering journal
/dev/sda1: Clean, 277874/2191168 files, 3128076/8749824 blocks
[3.774884] Bluetooth: hci0: unexpected event for opcode 0xfc2f
[4.292226] pci 0000:08:00.1: can't change power state from D3cold to D0 (config space inaccessible)
[4.292272] snd_hda_intel 0000:08:00.1: can't change power state from D3hot to D0 (config space inaccessible)
[4.395874] hdaudio hdaudioC2D0: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395889] hdaudio hdaudioC2D1: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395900] hdaudio hdaudioC2D2: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395908] hdaudio hdaudioC2D3: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395917] hdaudio hdaudioC2D4: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395925] hdaudio hdaudioC2D5: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395934] hdaudio hdaudioC2D6: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395943] hdaudio hdaudioC2D7: no AFG or MFG node found
[4.395946] snd_hda_intel 0000:08:00.1: no coded initialized
you are in emergency mode. After logging in, type "journalctl -xb" to view system logs, "systemctl reboot" to reboot, "systemctl default" or "exit" to boot into default mode.
Press enter for maintainance (or press Control-D to continue):

我正在尝试制作可启动的 USB。但是当我开始启动 Ubuntu 时，会出现以下错误消息：

Initramfs unpacking failed: Decoding failed

然后壁纸出现，但安装程序没有。

我有一台华硕 T100，我正在尝试在其上安装 Ubuntu。我尝试了 14、16 和 18，但没有类似的结果。这台 T100 上的 Windows 8.1 损坏，恢复出厂设置和 Windows 恢复失败，所以我决定让机器再次可用。

我正在从可启动的 Patriot 内存 USB 密钥安装。T100好像不识别其他U盘，但是我在Windows系统下有Patriot，所以BIOS好像能识别？Patriot dosfscks 没有问题并且可以在其他系统上启动。

以下内容应该很明显，但我将包括在内只是为了避免有人建议这些:-)：安全启动已禁用，我的安装介质有文件 EFI/BOOT/bootia32.efi

Ubuntu 进入“等待”屏幕并失败。按 F1 移回控制台会显示 stdin I/O 错误，直到 BusyBox 失败。正如一些人所建议的那样，我曾尝试在等待阶段拔下并重新插入 USB 密钥，但这并没有改变任何东西。

这是 dmesg 转储，从 initramfs unpack 开始 - 对不起，很长的文字，但我将其全部包括在内，以防有人在这里看到有用的东西（如果有帮助，我可以从 0 分享完整的转储）：

[    0.337991] Unpacking initramfs...
[   13.902262] Freeing initrd memory: 26208K
[   13.902653] Scanning for low memory corruption every 60 seconds
[   13.903718] audit: initializing netlink subsys (disabled)
[   13.903764] audit: type=2000 audit(1600084811.620:1): initialized
[   13.904704] Initialise system trusted keyring
[   13.904992] HugeTLB registered 2 MB page size, pre-allocated 0 pages
[   13.910020] zbud: loaded
[   13.910856] VFS: Disk quotas dquot_6.6.0
[   13.910972] VFS: Dquot-cache hash table entries: 512 (order 0, 4096 bytes)
[   13.911883] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[   13.912689] fuse init (API version 7.23)
[   13.913113] Key type big_key registered
[   13.913171] Allocating IMA MOK and blacklist keyrings.
[   13.914406] Key type asymmetric registered
[   13.914417] Asymmetric key parser 'x509' registered
[   13.914549] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 249)
[   13.914650] io scheduler noop registered
[   13.914661] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[   13.914765] io scheduler cfq registered
[   13.915090] pci_hotplug: PCI Hot Plug PCI Core version: 0.5
[   13.915111] pciehp: PCI Express Hot Plug Controller Driver version: 0.4
[   13.915227] efifb: probing for efifb
[   13.915282] efifb: framebuffer at 0x80000000, mapped to 0xffffc90000800000, using 4160k, total 4160k
[   13.915288] efifb: mode is 1366x768x32, linelength=5504, pages=1
[   13.915291] efifb: scrolling: redraw
[   13.915297] efifb: Truecolor: size=8:8:8:8, shift=24:16:8:0
[   13.925853] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 170x48
[   13.936018] fb0: EFI VGA frame buffer device
[   13.936048] intel_idle: MWAIT substates: 0x33000020
[   13.936053] intel_idle: v0.4.1 model 0x37
[   13.936057] intel_idle: lapic_timer_reliable_states 0xffffffff
[   13.936840] ACPI: AC Adapter [ADP1] (on-line)
[   13.937056] input: Lid Switch as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0D:00/input/input0
[   13.937220] ACPI: Lid Switch [LID]
[   13.937352] input: Sleep Button as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0C0E:00/input/input1
[   13.937362] ACPI: Sleep Button [SLPB]
[   13.941933] [Firmware Bug]: No valid trip found
[   13.942097] GHES: HEST is not enabled!
[   13.942397] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 32 ports, IRQ sharing enabled
[   13.962618] serial8250: ttyS0 at I/O 0x3f8 (irq = 4, base_baud = 115200) is a 16550A
[   13.967306] hpet: number irqs doesn't agree with number of timers
[   13.967479] Linux agpgart interface v0.103
[   14.021916] loop: module loaded
[   14.022630] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[   14.022641] tun: Universal TUN/TAP device driver, 1.6
[   14.022645] tun: (C) 1999-2004 Max Krasnyansky <maxk@qualcomm.com>
[   14.022774] PPP generic driver version 2.4.2
[   14.022964] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[   14.022980] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[   14.023251] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: EHCI Host Controller
[   14.023269] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[   14.023293] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: debug port 2
[   14.027224] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: cache line size of 64 is not supported
[   14.027262] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: irq 203, io mem 0x9080d000
[   14.037623] ehci-pci 0000:00:1d.0: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[   14.037747] usb usb1: New USB device found, idVendor=1d6b, idProduct=0002
[   14.037754] usb usb1: New USB device strings: Mfr=3, Product=2, SerialNumber=1
[   14.037760] usb usb1: Product: EHCI Host Controller
[   14.037766] usb usb1: Manufacturer: Linux 4.4.0-142-generic ehci_hcd
[   14.037771] usb usb1: SerialNumber: 0000:00:1d.0
[   14.038127] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[   14.038158] hub 1-0:1.0: 8 ports detected
[   14.038829] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[   14.038898] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[   14.038914] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[   14.038949] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[   14.038993] uhci_hcd: USB Universal Host Controller Interface driver
[   14.039160] i8042: PNP: No PS/2 controller found. Probing ports directly.
[   14.714873] usb 1-1: new high-speed USB device number 2 using ehci-pci
[   14.817445] usb 1-1: New USB device found, idVendor=8087, idProduct=07e6
[   14.817453] usb 1-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=0, SerialNumber=0
[   14.817910] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
[   14.818087] hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[   15.033602] usb 1-1.1: new high-speed USB device number 3 using ehci-pci
[   15.074602] i8042: No controller found
[   15.074628] clocksource: tsc: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x13303f810e3, max_idle_ns: 440795235405 ns
[   15.074803] clocksource: Switched to clocksource tsc
[   15.075023] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[   15.075862] rtc_cmos 00:00: rtc core: registered rtc_cmos as rtc0
[   15.075879] rtc_cmos 00:00: no alarms, 242 bytes nvram
[   15.075902] i2c /dev entries driver
[   15.076080] device-mapper: uevent: version 1.0.3
[   15.076614] device-mapper: ioctl: 4.34.0-ioctl (2015-10-28) initialised: dm-devel@redhat.com
[   15.076646] Intel P-state driver initializing.
[   15.077102] ledtrig-cpu: registered to indicate activity on CPUs
[   15.077114] EFI Variables Facility v0.08 2004-May-17
[   15.086446] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[   15.087647] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[   15.087679] Key type dns_resolver registered
[   15.088851] microcode: CPU0 sig=0x30678, pf=0x2, revision=0x824
[   15.088972] microcode: CPU1 sig=0x30678, pf=0x2, revision=0x824
[   15.088997] microcode: CPU2 sig=0x30678, pf=0x2, revision=0x824
[   15.089144] microcode: CPU3 sig=0x30678, pf=0x2, revision=0x824
[   15.089502] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.01 <tigran@aivazian.fsnet.co.uk>, Peter Oruba
[   15.091158] registered taskstats version 1
[   15.091199] Loading compiled-in X.509 certificates
[   15.093376] Loaded X.509 cert 'Build time autogenerated kernel key: 196df9006c77aed2ee3d80d8cb8bc0fc33590e01'
[   15.093422] zswap: loaded using pool lzo/zbud
[   15.102476] Key type trusted registered
[   15.120574] usb 1-1.1: New USB device found, idVendor=12d1, idProduct=15bb
[   15.120584] usb 1-1.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=6, Product=5, SerialNumber=0
[   15.120590] usb 1-1.1: Product: HUAWEI Mobile Broadband Module
[   15.120595] usb 1-1.1: Manufacturer: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
[   15.121347] Key type encrypted registered
[   15.121367] AppArmor: AppArmor sha1 policy hashing enabled
[   15.170837] ima: Allocated hash algorithm: sha1
[   15.194782] usb 1-1.3: new high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-pci
[   15.278844] evm: HMAC attrs: 0x1
[   15.280446]   Magic number: 4:678:984
[   15.281202] rtc_cmos 00:00: setting system clock to 2020-09-14 12:00:11 UTC (1600084811)
[   15.281732] BIOS EDD facility v0.16 2004-Jun-25, 0 devices found
[   15.281751] EDD information not available.
[   15.282140] PM: Hibernation image not present or could not be loaded.
[   15.285682] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1492K
[   15.294445] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 14336k
[   15.296192] usb 1-1.3: New USB device found, idVendor=05e3, idProduct=0610
[   15.296203] usb 1-1.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=0, Product=1, SerialNumber=0
[   15.296210] usb 1-1.3: Product: USB2.0 Hub
[   15.297411] hub 1-1.3:1.0: USB hub found
[   15.297796] Freeing unused kernel memory: 1840K
[   15.298462] hub 1-1.3:1.0: 4 ports detected
[   15.299323] Freeing unused kernel memory: 72K
<30>[   15.355774] systemd-udevd[122]: starting version 204
[   15.389479] FUJITSU Extended Socket Network Device Driver - version 1.0 - Copyright (c) 2015 FUJITSU LIMITED
[   15.390926] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[   15.390932] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[   15.395716] sdhci-acpi 80860F14:00: No vmmc regulator found
[   15.395724] sdhci-acpi 80860F14:00: No vqmmc regulator found
[   15.401046] mmc0: SDHCI controller on ACPI [80860F14:00] using ADMA
[   15.402285] sdhci-acpi INT33BB:00: No vmmc regulator found
[   15.402291] sdhci-acpi INT33BB:00: No vqmmc regulator found
[   15.405654] mmc1: SDHCI controller on ACPI [INT33BB:00] using ADMA
[   15.406984] sdhci-acpi 80860F14:01: No vmmc regulator found
[   15.406991] sdhci-acpi 80860F14:01: No vqmmc regulator found
[   15.410681] mmc2: SDHCI controller on ACPI [80860F14:01] using ADMA
[   15.425307] wmi: Mapper loaded
[   15.441138] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
[   15.536101] [drm] Memory usable by graphics device = 2048M
[   15.536110] checking generic (80000000 410000) vs hw (80000000 10000000)
[   15.536113] fb: switching to inteldrmfb from EFI VGA
[   15.536162] Console: switching to colour dummy device 80x25
[   15.536543] [drm] Replacing VGA console driver
[   15.536763] [drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 2 (21.10.2013).
[   15.536767] [drm] Driver supports precise vblank timestamp query.
[   15.569803] mmc0: MAN_BKOPS_EN bit is not set
[   15.582562] vgaarb: device changed decodes: PCI:0000:00:02.0,olddecodes=io+mem,decodes=io+mem:owns=io+mem
[   15.584292] [drm:intel_dsi_init [i915]] *ERROR* Failed to own gpio for panel control
[   15.584496] [drm:pwm_setup_backlight [i915]] *ERROR* Failed to own the pwm chip
[   15.586676] usb 1-1.3.1: new high-speed USB device number 5 using ehci-pci
[   15.614622] mmc0: new HS200 MMC card at address 0001
[   15.621114] mmcblk0: mmc0:0001 HCG8e 58.3 GiB 
[   15.621600] mmcblk0boot0: mmc0:0001 HCG8e partition 1 4.00 MiB
[   15.622163] mmcblk0boot1: mmc0:0001 HCG8e partition 2 4.00 MiB
[   15.622487] mmcblk0rpmb: mmc0:0001 HCG8e partition 3 4.00 MiB
[   15.625454]  mmcblk0: p1 p2 p3 p4 p5
[   15.703261] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device found, idVendor=13fe, idProduct=5200
[   15.703270] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[   15.703276] usb 1-1.3.1: Product: Patriot Memory
[   15.703280] usb 1-1.3.1: Manufacturer:         
[   15.703285] usb 1-1.3.1: SerialNumber: 0701348A28C22083
[   15.712567] usb-storage 1-1.3.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[   15.716134] scsi host0: usb-storage 1-1.3.1:1.0
[   15.716667] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[   15.720517] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[   15.726315] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (2 bytes)
[   15.727835] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[   15.729362] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[   15.732091] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (7 bytes)
[   15.774410] usb 1-1.3.3: new full-speed USB device number 6 using ehci-pci
[   15.783362] fbcon: inteldrmfb (fb0) is primary device
[   15.786154] ACPI: Video Device [GFX0] (multi-head: yes  rom: no  post: no)
[   15.806980] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x91 (3 bytes)
[   15.807018] mmc1: new ultra high speed DDR50 SDIO card at address 0001
[   15.901389] usb 1-1.3.3: New USB device found, idVendor=0b05, idProduct=1807
[   15.901401] usb 1-1.3.3: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=0
[   15.901410] usb 1-1.3.3: Product: ASUS HID Device 
[   15.901418] usb 1-1.3.3: Manufacturer: ASUS Tech Inc.
[   15.911664] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (2 bytes)
[   15.915377] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[   15.917219] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (3 bytes)
[   15.919932] hidraw: raw HID events driver (C) Jiri Kosina
[   15.922270] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (7 bytes)
[   15.946636] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[   15.946637] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[   15.950704] input: ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device  as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.0/0003:0B05:1807.0001/input/input2
[   16.007602] hid-generic 0003:0B05:1807.0001: input,hidraw0: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device ] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3.3/input0
[   16.007810] hid-generic 0003:0B05:1807.0002: ignoring exceeding usage max
[   16.009520] input: ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device  as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.1/0003:0B05:1807.0002/input/input3
[   16.063663] hid-generic 0003:0B05:1807.0002: input,hiddev0,hidraw1: USB HID v1.10 Device [ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device ] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3.3/input1
[   16.064031] input: ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device  as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.0/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3.3/1-1.3.3:1.2/0003:0B05:1807.0003/input/input4
[   16.064479] hid-generic 0003:0B05:1807.0003: input,hiddev0,hidraw2: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [ASUS Tech Inc. ASUS HID Device ] on usb-0000:00:1d.0-1.3.3/input2
[   16.109607] mmc1: queuing unknown CIS tuple 0x80 (2 bytes)
[   16.716693] scsi 0:0:0:0: Direct-Access              Patriot Memory   PMAP PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[   16.719448] sd 0:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[   16.722177] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 123535360 512-byte logical blocks: (63.3 GB/58.9 GiB)
[   16.723883] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[   16.723889] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 00
[   16.725380] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[   16.874671]  sda: sda1
[   16.880786] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
[   16.958027] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 170x48
[   17.086437] i915 0000:00:02.0: fb0: inteldrmfb frame buffer device
[   17.086705] acpi device:02: registered as cooling_device4
[   17.087450] acpi device:09: registered as cooling_device5
[   17.087612] input: Video Bus as /devices/LNXSYSTM:00/LNXSYBUS:00/PNP0A08:00/LNXVIDEO:00/input/input5
[   17.088546] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20151010 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0
[   18.485756] random: nonblocking pool is initialized
[  629.416494] usb 1-1.3.1: USB disconnect, device number 5
[12046.794286] usb 1-1.3.1: new high-speed USB device number 7 using ehci-pci
[12046.918925] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device found, idVendor=13fe, idProduct=5200
[12046.918935] usb 1-1.3.1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[12046.918941] usb 1-1.3.1: Product: Patriot Memory
[12046.918947] usb 1-1.3.1: Manufacturer:         
[12046.918952] usb 1-1.3.1: SerialNumber: 0701348A28C22083
[12046.920547] usb-storage 1-1.3.1:1.0: USB Mass Storage device detected
[12046.922144] scsi host1: usb-storage 1-1.3.1:1.0
[12047.924353] scsi 1:0:0:0: Direct-Access              Patriot Memory   PMAP PQ: 0 ANSI: 6
[12047.926346] sd 1:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg0 type 0
[12047.927916] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] 123535360 512-byte logical blocks: (63.3 GB/58.9 GiB)
[12047.929610] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write Protect is off
[12047.929622] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Mode Sense: 45 00 00 00
[12047.931137] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Write cache: disabled, read cache: enabled, doesn't support DPO or FUA
[12048.081993]  sda: sda1
[12048.087817] sd 1:0:0:0: [sda] Attached SCSI removable disk
[12052.040817] FAT-fs (sda1): Volume was not properly unmounted. Some data may be corrupt. Please run fsck.

提前感谢您提供任何有用的建议！或无用，就此而言，至少它带来了希望。:-)

自从我今天更新以来，我的启动出现故障，我收到以下错误消息：

`Gave up waiting for root device. Common problems:
 -Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
   - Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough?
  -Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev`

和一条消息说我的 UUID 不存在。因此，我按照几个月前在此处提出的问题中的建议启动了以前的内核（5.4.0-42-generic） 。但是，当我尝试使用该命令更新 -47 内核时， sudo update-initramfs -k 5.4.0-47-generic -u 什么也没有发生，计算机仍然尝试在最新的（和有故障的）内核上启动。还有其他事情要做吗？还有其他人在使用这个新内核时遇到这个问题吗？还是在尝试解决问题时我在某处做错了什么？

在此先感谢您的帮助。