问题[cpu](ubuntu)

我在桌面 Ubuntu 22.04.3、23.10、常规版本和lowlatency版本上尝试过。我必须提高核心的最低频率，该核心运行需要高 CPU 时钟的图像捕获过程。这是一个例子：

paul@box4x4:~$ sudo cpupower -c 5 frequency-set -d 3000MHz
Setting cpu: 5

它设置了核心 #5 的最低频率，但实际频率不会改变：

paul@box4x4:~/profiler$ cpupower -c 5 frequency-info
analyzing CPU 5:
  driver: amd-pstate-epp
  CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 5
  CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 5
  maximum transition latency:  Cannot determine or is not supported.
  hardware limits: 400 MHz - 5.58 GHz
  available cpufreq governors: performance powersave
  current policy: frequency should be within 3.00 GHz and 5.58 GHz.
                  The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
                  within this range.
  current CPU frequency: Unable to call hardware
  current CPU frequency: 400 MHz (asserted by call to kernel)
  boost state support:
    Supported: yes
    Active: no

并且停留在400MHz。我做错了吗？还有另一种（希望不是太麻烦的）方法和工具来完成它吗？

我在这里看到的一个危险信号是虚假的最大频率 5.58GHz。这不可能。4.9GHz 是我使用的 AMD Ryzen 5 7640U CPU 的最大睿频频率。

我在 Intel N100 PC 上进行了健全性测试，它似乎可以在那里工作：

paul@cube:~$ sudo cpupower -c 3 frequency-info
analyzing CPU 3:
  driver: intel_pstate
  CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 3
  CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 3
  maximum transition latency:  Cannot determine or is not supported.
  hardware limits: 700 MHz - 3.40 GHz
  available cpufreq governors: performance powersave
  current policy: frequency should be within 3.40 GHz and 3.40 GHz.
                  The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
                  within this range.
  current CPU frequency: Unable to call hardware
  current CPU frequency: 3.30 GHz (asserted by call to kernel)
  boost state support:
    Supported: yes
    Active: yes

核心 #3 频率达到要求的 3.4GHz，但有时在使用 进行监控时读数会较低watch grep \"cpu MHz\" /proc/cpuinfo。尽管如此，还是比 AMD CPU 上的结果好得多。

寻找有关如何在 22.04 上更改 CPU 调速器参数并在重新启动后保持不变的解释。

我说的是调控器的参数，如“sampling_rate”、“up_threshold”、“sampling_down_factor”等。

谢谢

在我觉得我已经缩小了这是一个网络摄像头问题之前，我已经发布了这个问题。

重要的提示！CPU 仅在几秒钟内达到 100%，然后返回到 50-60%。那是新的行为。

在过去的几周里，我一直在经历这种情况。

我将参加一个视频会议，我的 CPU 将在几秒钟内达到最大值，然后恢复到看起来正常的状态。

（通常视频会议确实会消耗更多的 CPU，通常在 50% 到 60% 的水平。）

这个 CPU 峰值似乎是新的。

我在 Zoom 等特定视频程序和 Google Meet 和 Hopin 等基于浏览器的视频程序中都经历过这种情况。

起初我以为它可能是一个窗口管理器，并安装了 Xubuntu-desktop 来替代 Ubuntu 桌面。它并没有改变这种情况。

我也从 Firefox 转到了 Chromium。这似乎对 Hopin 实例有点帮助，但只是有点帮助。

系统监视器通常在 Firefox 上显示缩放或“Web 内容”作为 CPU 消耗者，当事情达到最大时，但同样，它会飙升然后返回，所以我想知道它是否真的与网络摄像头有关。

我注意到关闭我的网络摄像头确实可以防止出现峰值，但这对我来说不是一个可行的长期解决方案。

但这确实让我想知道它是否以某种方式集成了网络摄像头。

还有其他人遇到这种情况吗？我一直想知道这是否与最近的一些更新有冲突。也许它是这个特定网络摄像头所独有的？

有谁知道专门检查网络摄像头的方法？日志以检测是否是网络摄像头以某种方式将 CPU 周期推送到正在访问它的任何程序？（缩放、通过浏览器进行视频聊天等）

我的下一步：

try an external webcam (the one I'm experiencing this on is built-in)

try using Ubuntu Resetter to see if there's some conflict I can't quite detect, and spend some time re-installing things.

Upgrade to Ubuntu 21.04 to see if it's caught and fixed there.

switch over to BunsenLabs and see if it's Ubuntu specific. (Though it could also be Debian-specific...)

更新：我试过通过 USB 插入外部罗技网络摄像头，虽然我发现了相同的尖峰，但尖峰的间隔通常更短。

同样，网络摄像头似乎是罪魁祸首，或者更确切地说，网络摄像头与相关程序的集成似乎很明显。

我想知道这是否已在 Ubuntu 21.04 中修复？

Ubuntu 18.04 系统coretemp安装了内核模块内核模块：

% lsmod | grep coretemp
coretemp               20480  0

它还具有lm-sensors用于检查安装温度的命令行实用程序：

% which sensors
/usr/bin/sensors

% dpkg -S /usr/bin/sensors
lm-sensors: /usr/bin/sensors

调用sensorsworks + 显示所有温度（封装 + 4 CPU 核心温度）：

% sensors
coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0: +44.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) ALARM (CRIT)
Core 0:    +42.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) ALARM (CRIT)
Core 1:    +41.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) ALARM (CRIT)
Core 2:    +44.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) ALARM (CRIT)
Core 3:    +41.0°C (high = +100.0°C, crit = +100.0°C) ALARM (CRIT)

但是，在munin浏览器中查看输出时，我只看到硬盘温度图表：

我怎样才能munin同时监控和显示 CPU 核心温度？

我尝试过的事情（没有帮助）

% sudo munin-node-configure

% sudo ln -s /usr/share/munin/plugins/sensors_ /etc/munin/plugins/sensors_temp

我认为top显示了 CPU（和内存）上的负载有多大。对显示>275% CPU 使用率的结果感到困惑（请参阅top底部的输出），我在文档中阅读了一些内容，看起来它只显示了每个进程的比率，而不是总“CPU 容量”的百分比在使用中（当然只能在 0% 和 100% 之间）？

%CPU累计超过 100%意味着什么？

以及如何查看 CPU 的实际（百分比）负载？经过一番搜索，我找到了一堆工具，但据我所知，我发现的工具似乎都没有显示实际的 CPU 负载。

如果重要的话，我正在运行 Ubuntu Server LTS 20.04，输出cat /proc/cpuinfo为：

processor   : 0
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1615.379
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 1
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1668.215
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 1
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 2
initial apicid  : 2
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 2
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1667.235
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 2
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 4
initial apicid  : 4
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 3
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1621.111
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 3
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 6
initial apicid  : 6
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 4
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1632.964
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 16
initial apicid  : 16
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 5
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1621.480
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 1
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 18
initial apicid  : 18
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 6
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1621.677
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 2
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 20
initial apicid  : 20
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 7
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1649.525
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 3
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 22
initial apicid  : 22
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 8
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1651.279
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 1
initial apicid  : 1
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 9
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1662.240
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 1
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 3
initial apicid  : 3
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 10
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1648.160
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 2
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 5
initial apicid  : 5
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 11
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1617.654
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 8
core id     : 3
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 7
initial apicid  : 7
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.70
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 12
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1687.306
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 17
initial apicid  : 17
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 13
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1724.242
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 1
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 19
initial apicid  : 19
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 14
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1654.071
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 2
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 21
initial apicid  : 21
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

processor   : 15
vendor_id   : GenuineIntel
cpu family  : 6
model       : 26
model name  : Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU           E5520  @ 2.27GHz
stepping    : 5
microcode   : 0x1d
cpu MHz     : 1612.267
cache size  : 8192 KB
physical id : 1
siblings    : 8
core id     : 3
cpu cores   : 4
apicid      : 23
initial apicid  : 23
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 11
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm dca sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt lahf_lm pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid dtherm flush_l1d
bugs        : cpu_meltdown spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass l1tf mds swapgs itlb_multihit
bogomips    : 4533.69
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

输出top：

top - 08:03:23 up 16 days, 10:02,  1 user,  load average: 1.89, 1.41, 1.27
Tasks: 350 total,   2 running, 348 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 14.1 us,  2.6 sy,  0.0 ni, 80.9 id,  1.2 wa,  0.0 hi,  1.2 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :  96663.9 total,  15820.4 free,  13078.2 used,  67765.3 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   8192.0 total,   8192.0 free,      0.0 used.  82751.8 avail Mem

    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND
1453132 libvirt+  20   0   11.3g   8.2g  22896 S 241.5   8.6 322:27.67 qemu-system-x86
1458479 root      20   0  112428  46848   8760 S  14.0   0.0 115:45.19 appdaemon
 637167 aephir    20   0 2974828   1.3g  14196 S  12.0   1.4 966:11.92 java
 729918 libvirt+  20   0 9159180   2.2g  21752 S   5.0   2.4 219:24.44 qemu-system-x86
 713812 root      20   0 1045648 500888  41036 S   1.7   0.5 150:49.27 python3
4127973 root      20   0  481696  54000  34416 S   1.7   0.1 116:21.96 deCONZ
    118 root      25   5       0      0      0 S   0.7   0.0  94:22.52 ksmd
   1005 avahi     20   0    8872   4340   3564 S   0.3   0.0   9:14.64 avahi-daemon
...

我一直在尝试限制第二代 Intel i7 CPU 上允许的最大 CPU 频率。

为此，我尝试了：

1. sudo cpupower -c all frequency-set --max;
2. TLP，设置基于百分比和频率 (KHz) 的限制；
3. 更改intel_pstate与echo 50 | sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct
4. 以上每一项都启用和禁用了ondemand.service

在使用conky监控频率时，施加的限制似乎可以正常工作。

但是，当运行要求更高的应用程序（特别是 Steam 上的游戏）时，这些限制将被忽略，并且频率会提高，就好像没有限制存在一样。

在另一篇文章中建议的命令grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/*似乎表明正在使用intel_pstate驱动程序，因为它应该是。

我自己找不到答案，也无法解决问题。

衷心感谢您的关注。

这是我的代码，

ps -eo %cpu --sort=-%cpu |head|tail -n+2 | sed "s#^#$(date +%T);#"

显示将是这样的：01:29:29；1.2

我可以知道我是否想要这样的输出：1.2;01:29:29

我应该怎么办？请给我一些建议，tq。

这可能是我的术语问题和重复：在英特尔 CPU 上，我可以通过运行类似的东西在运行时相对轻松地禁用涡轮增压

echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo

然后 CPU 以其基本时钟运行而不会“加速”。好消息是我不需要为此更改 BIOS/(U)EFI 设置。

AMD CPU，特别是 Zen-1 Epyc 上的等价物（就术语和命令而言）是什么？

我正在尝试以恒定（低）速度运行 CPU 以获得一致的基准测试结果。我正在尝试比较算法的不同软件实现。

如果我不在 GRUB 中设置 maxcpus=1，Manjaro、Kubuntu 20.10 和 Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS 都会崩溃。替换或更改 UEFI BIOS 设置以禁用所有 Intel CPU 功能不会改变任何事情quiet splash。 Windows 10 运行没有问题并且非常稳定。 可用的崩溃日志：nomodeset

mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 5: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 0: f600020000040150
mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 10:<fffffffffb9c7e8eb> {mwait_idle_with_hints.constprop.0+0x4b/0x90}
mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 25d1e1e46d ADDR 7fabd0e68be3
mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:506e3 TIME 1605392958 SOCKET 0 APIC 3 microcode dcd64.deb: mismatch OK4.deb
mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
mce: [Hardware Error]: CPU 1: Machine Check Exception: 5 Bank 0: f60001c000040150
mce: [Hardware Error]: RIP !INEXACT! 33:<0007fadb0e68bea>
mce: [Hardware Error]: TSC 25d1e1dc9 ADDR 1605392958
mce: [Hardware Error]: PROCESSOR 0:506e3 TIME 1605392958 SOCKET 0 APIC 2 microcode dc
mce: [Hardware Error]: Run the above through 'mcelog --ascii'
mce: [Hardware Error]: Machine check: Processor context corrupt
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal machine check
Kernel Offset: 0x38600000 from 0xfffffffff81000000 (relocation range: 0xfffffffff8000000-0xffffffffbffffff)
Rebooting in 30 seconds..

CPU：i7-6700K
GPU：GTX-1070
主板：ASUS Z170-P
UEFI BIOS：3805 x64 05/16/2018（撰写本文时最新）
ME 固件版本：11.8.55.3510（撰写本文时最新）
I '想知道是否可以使用超过 1/8 个 vCPU（4 个物理核心 x 2 个虚拟核心）。

我新建了一台新 PC，并使用 Ubuntu 20.04 进行双启动。我在使用 ryzen 3950x 时遇到问题，htop 和系统监视器无法识别 cpu（而不是 32 显示 1 个线程）。我必须用 acpi=off 启动它，因为 ubuntu 不会启动。是兼容性的问题吗？我的 BIOS 在构建 pc 时已更新（3 周前，B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2（修订版 1.0））你能帮我解决 htop/系统监视器中错误的线程数吗

我很困惑

(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor   : 0
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 23
model       : 113
model name  : AMD Ryzen 9 3950X 16-Core Processor
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x8701021
cpu MHz     : 3606.771
cache size  : 512 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 1
core id     : 0
cpu cores   : 1
apicid      : 0
initial apicid  : 0
fpu     : yes
fpu_exception   : yes
cpuid level : 16
wp      : yes
flags       : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc cpuid extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs skinit wdt tce topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb bpext perfctr_llc mwaitx cpb cat_l3 cdp_l3 hw_pstate sme ssbd mba sev ibpb stibp vmmcall fsgsbase bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 cqm rdt_a rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves cqm_llc cqm_occup_llc cqm_mbm_total cqm_mbm_local clzero irperf xsaveerptr wbnoinvd arat npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold avic v_vmsave_vmload vgif umip rdpid overflow_recov succor smca
bugs        : sysret_ss_attrs spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass
bogomips    : 6986.68
TLB size    : 3072 4K pages
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes   : 43 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro [13] [14]

(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$ sudo dmidecode -t 4 | egrep -i 'core (count|enabled)|thread count|Version'
    Version: AMD Ryzen 9 3950X 16-Core Processor            
    Core Count: 16
    Core Enabled: 16
    Thread Count: 32

(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$ sudo dmidecode -s bios-version
[sudo] password: 
F10
(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$ free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           62Gi       1,9Gi        59Gi       131Mi       1,8Gi        60Gi
Swap:          15Gi          0B        15Gi
(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$ sudo lshw -C memory
  *-firmware                
       description: BIOS
       vendor: American Megatrends Inc.
       physical id: 0
       version: F10
       date: 09/18/2020
       size: 64KiB
       capacity: 32MiB
       capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification uefi
  *-memory
       description: System Memory
       physical id: 9
       slot: System board or motherboard
       size: 64GiB
     *-bank:0
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: F4-3200C16-16GIS
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 0
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 0
          size: 16GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:1
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: F4-3200C16-16GIS
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 1
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 1
          size: 16GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:2
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: F4-3200C16-16GIS
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 2
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 0
          size: 16GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
     *-bank:3
          description: DIMM DDR4 Synchronous Unbuffered (Unregistered) 2133 MHz (0,5 ns)
          product: F4-3200C16-16GIS
          vendor: Unknown
          physical id: 3
          serial: 00000000
          slot: DIMM 1
          size: 16GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 2133MHz (0.5ns)
  *-cache:0
       description: L1 cache
       physical id: c
       slot: L1 - Cache
       size: 1MiB
       capacity: 1MiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=1
  *-cache:1
       description: L2 cache
       physical id: d
       slot: L2 - Cache
       size: 8MiB
       capacity: 8MiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=2
  *-cache:2
       description: L3 cache
       physical id: e
       slot: L3 - Cache
       size: 64MiB
       capacity: 64MiB
       clock: 1GHz (1.0ns)
       capabilities: pipeline-burst internal write-back unified
       configuration: level=3
(base) B550-AORUS-ELITE-AX-V2:~$