我想知道我是否可以在美国合法安装和使用 Ubuntu Restricted Codecs 元包?我如何才能免费访问这些专有编解码器?
我有需要播放的带有 TRM/TRS 扩展名(美国法院音频/视频记录)的文件。VLC 能够播放视频,但无法识别音频编解码器。
错误消息如下:Unidentified codec: VLC could not identify the audio or video codec
如何在 Ubuntu 上播放这些文件?
更新:
我使用 MediaInfo 来获取有关音频的更多信息:
Audio
ID : 0
Format : 4180
Codec ID : 4180
在文件 explore 中右键单击会给出以下音频编解码器:audio/x-avi-unknown
如何让 Ubuntu 20.10 中的 Opera 支持 H.264?
如何安装 MPEG-4 AAC 解码器和 H.264 解码器? 我尝试了以下但 Opera 上的 H.264 视频仍然无法播放:
$ sudo apt install libdvdnav4 libdvdread8 gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly libdvd-pkg ubuntu-restricted-extras
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad is already the newest version (1.18.0-2ubuntu6).
gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly is already the newest version (1.18.0-1).
libdvdnav4 is already the newest version (6.1.0-1build1).
libdvdread8 is already the newest version (6.1.1-2).
libdvd-pkg is already the newest version (1.4.2-1-1).
ubuntu-restricted-extras is already the newest version (67).
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
我在一个文件夹中有一大堆文本文件,jpg 和 mp4。我希望单独保留 jpg 和文本文件。我想使用-crf
值为 , 的 ffmpeg 参数压缩所有 mp423
以节省磁盘空间。文件应该被原地覆盖。
我在这里使用了@llogan 答案,并替换.avi
为.mp4
但不起作用。
for f in *.mp4; do ffmpeg -i "$f" -c:v libx264 -crf 23 -preset medium \
-c:a aac -b:a 128k -movflags +faststart -vf scale=-2:720,format=yuv420p \
"encoded/${f%.avi}.mp4"; done
在不删除和/或修改同一工作目录中的任何其他文件的情况for
下,将 mp4 转换为较低质量 () 的循环是什么?-crf 23
我也真的不想要其他标志,因为我不会调整大小、上传 youtube、更改编码速度等。
我无法播放大多数 Twitter 帖子中的视频,例如https://twitter.com/doglab/status/1255593258916499458?s=20。但是,Chrome 会播放它们。
此外,是否有任何推荐的安装集可供高级用户在获得 Ubuntu 20.04 后一两天内完成,以获得最常用的视频编解码器和其他工具?
解决了
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade -y
sudo apt install ffmpeg
和 ubuntu-restricted-extra 通过“软件和更新”面板中的复选框 - > https://postimg.cc/yWx4qS90
如何将 .m4a 音频文件转换为 .mp3 命令行?(如果可能,质量不会下降)。Ubuntu 16.04LTS 媒体信息:
General
Complete name : show.m4a
Format : MPEG-4
Format profile : Apple audio with iTunes info
Codec ID : M4A (M4A /mp42/isom)
File size : 55.5 MiB
Duration : 1h 48mn
Overall bit rate mode : Variable
Overall bit rate : 71.7 Kbps
Audio
ID : 1
Format : AAC
Format/Info : Advanced Audio Codec
Format profile : HE-AAC / LC
Codec ID : 40
Duration : 1h 48mn
Bit rate mode : Variable
Bit rate : 72.0 Kbps
Maximum bit rate : 93.8 Kbps
Channel(s) : 2 channels
Channel positions : Front: L R
Sampling rate : 44.1 KHz / 22.05 KHz
Frame rate : 21.533 fps (1024 spf)
Compression mode : Lossy
Stream size : 54.9 MiB (99%)
Writing library : Nero AAC codec 1.5.4.0
Encoding settings : -q 0.25
我想在 Linux 上转换我的视频文件,因为我的电视只能识别 AVI 视频格式。
我第一次尝试转换我的文件是通过手刹。事实是,开箱即用,我只有两个编解码器,MPEG-4 和 Matroska,我都试过了,但它们在我的电视上不起作用:(
我试图将目标文件重命名为 *.avi ,但是使用 mediainfo 工具,我收到一个错误(我忘了复制它),基本上说“它是隐藏在 AVI 文件中的 MP4”。我只需要重命名文件以不再出现此错误。所以没有Handbrake 的编解码器。
我也尝试使用 VLC 转换我的视频,但编解码器也不存在:
不是正确的编解码器
现在我确定这不是错误,那么如何在 linux 上安装 AVI 编解码器?
提前致谢,
数学
NOTA BENE:我是法国人,所以有些答案可能看起来很奇怪 :)
我全新安装了 Ubuntu 19.04,但无法在 Totem 中播放 MP4 视频。按照安装必要解码器的建议未成功。我必须安装哪些编解码器才能播放此视频文件,它使用 H.264(High Profile)视频编解码器和 MPEG-4 AAC 音频编解码器?
在安装过程中,我选中了安装第三方图形软件和其他媒体格式的复选框:
我启用了 main、universe、restricted 和 multiverse 存储库。
我已经安装了多个 gstreamer 包和编解码器:
tom@desktop:~$ apt list --installed | grep gstreamer
gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-alsa/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-clutter-3.0/disco,now 3.0.27-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-gl/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-gtk3/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-libav/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-packagekit/disco,now 1.1.12-5 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-apps/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-plugins-base/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-plugins-good/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-tools/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-vaapi/disco-updates,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gstreamer1.0-x/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgstreamer-gl1.0-0/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-0/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0/disco,now 1.15.90-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgstreamer1.0-0/disco,now 1.15.90-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer/disco-updates,disco-security,now 1:6.2.5-0ubuntu0.19.04.1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
我安装了 Totem,带有默认的包和插件:
tom@desktop:~$ apt list --installed | grep totem
gir1.2-totem-1.0/disco,now 3.32.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
gir1.2-totemplparser-1.0/disco,now 3.26.3-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libtotem-plparser-common/disco,disco,now 3.26.3-1ubuntu1 all [installed,automatic]
libtotem-plparser18/disco,now 3.26.3-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libtotem0/disco,now 3.32.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
totem-common/disco,disco,now 3.32.0-1ubuntu1 all [installed,automatic]
totem-plugins/disco,now 3.32.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
totem/disco,now 3.32.0-1ubuntu1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
我没有安装ubuntu-restricted-extras
,因为我不想要额外的包(Microsoft 字体等),但我手动安装了libavcodec-extra
libavcodec-extra58
其中包含的 AV 编解码器( ):
tom@desktop:~$ apt-cache depends ubuntu-restricted-extras
ubuntu-restricted-extras
Depends: ubuntu-restricted-addons
Recommends: libavcodec-extra
libavcodec-extra58
Recommends: ttf-mscorefonts-installer
Recommends: unrar
我注意到我可以通过将视频文件从 Nautilus 拖到空的 Firefox 或 Chromium 选项卡中来播放视频文件,但 Totem 不会播放它。
当我单击“在 Ubuntu 软件中查找”按钮时,Ubuntu 软件显示消息“无法找到请求的软件”(最后一点可能是一个错误,但我不介意,我只需要知道要手动安装哪些软件包) . 请问有什么建议吗?如何在全新的 19.04 安装时在 Totem 中播放此文件?
编辑:在进一步故障排除后,我发现 Totem 将播放相同的文件,如果它们是 MKV 容器格式而不是 MP4。我使用youtube-dl
(最新版本,不是来自 repos)下载 BBC iPlayer 视频。我可以设置--merge-output-format mkv
选项并播放下载的文件。如果没有该选项,它会输出到我无法播放的 MP4。这是一个不错的解决方法,但我很想知道究竟是什么干扰了 MP4 播放并解决了这个问题。
如果您在 iPlayer 服务的区域并希望进行测试,我使用了这个短短的三分钟视频https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/p07hlmxr/the-news-explained-a-tale-of-two-tankers
,它下载文件The_News_Explained_A_Tale_of_Two_Tankers.fstream-uk-iptv_streaming_concrete_combined_hd_mf_limelight_uk_dash_https-video=5070000.mp4
,The_News_Explained_A_Tale_of_Two_Tankers.fstream-uk-iptv_streaming_concrete_combined_hd_mf_limelight_uk_dash_https-audio_eng_1=128000.m4a
然后将它们合并到 MP4 或 MKV 中。
命令输出vainfo
(来自评论):
error: XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set in the environment.
libva info: VA-API version 1.4.0
libva info: va_getDriverName() returns 0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/nouveau_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_4
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.4 (libva 2.4.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Mesa Gallium driver 19.0.2 for NV136
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
VAProfileNone : VAEntrypointVideoProc
命令输出vdpauinfo
(来自评论):
display: :0 screen: 0
API version: 1
Information string: G3DVL VDPAU Driver Shared Library version 1.0
Video surface:
name width height types
-------------------------------------------
420 16384 16384 NV12 YV12
422 16384 16384 UYVY YUYV
444 16384 16384 Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8
Decoder capabilities:
name level macbs width height
----------------------------------------------------
MPEG1 --- not supported ---
MPEG2_SIMPLE --- not supported ---
MPEG2_MAIN --- not supported ---
H264_BASELINE --- not supported ---
H264_MAIN --- not supported ---
H264_HIGH --- not supported ---
VC1_SIMPLE --- not supported ---
VC1_MAIN --- not supported ---
VC1_ADVANCED --- not supported ---
MPEG4_PART2_SP --- not supported ---
MPEG4_PART2_ASP --- not supported ---
DIVX4_QMOBILE --- not supported ---
DIVX4_MOBILE --- not supported ---
DIVX4_HOME_THEATER --- not supported ---
DIVX4_HD_1080P --- not supported ---
DIVX5_QMOBILE --- not supported ---
DIVX5_MOBILE --- not supported ---
DIVX5_HOME_THEATER --- not supported ---
DIVX5_HD_1080P --- not supported ---
H264_CONSTRAINED_BASELINE --- not supported ---
H264_EXTENDED --- not supported ---
H264_PROGRESSIVE_HIGH --- not supported ---
H264_CONSTRAINED_HIGH --- not supported ---
H264_HIGH_444_PREDICTIVE --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_10 --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_STILL --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_12 --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_444 --- not supported ---
Output surface:
name width height nat types
----------------------------------------------------
B8G8R8A8 16384 16384 y NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 A4I4 I4A4 A8I8 I8A8
R8G8B8A8 16384 16384 y NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 A4I4 I4A4 A8I8 I8A8
R10G10B10A2 16384 16384 y NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 A4I4 I4A4 A8I8 I8A8
B10G10R10A2 16384 16384 y NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 A4I4 I4A4 A8I8 I8A8
Bitmap surface:
name width height
------------------------------
B8G8R8A8 16384 16384
R8G8B8A8 16384 16384
R10G10B10A2 16384 16384
B10G10R10A2 16384 16384
A8 16384 16384
Video mixer:
feature name sup
------------------------------------
DEINTERLACE_TEMPORAL y
DEINTERLACE_TEMPORAL_SPATIAL -
INVERSE_TELECINE -
NOISE_REDUCTION y
SHARPNESS y
LUMA_KEY y
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L1 y
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L2 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L3 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L4 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L5 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L6 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L7 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L8 -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L9 -
parameter name sup min max
-----------------------------------------------------
VIDEO_SURFACE_WIDTH y 48 4096
VIDEO_SURFACE_HEIGHT y 48 4096
CHROMA_TYPE y
LAYERS y 0 4
attribute name sup min max
-----------------------------------------------------
BACKGROUND_COLOR y
CSC_MATRIX y
NOISE_REDUCTION_LEVEL y 0.00 1.00
SHARPNESS_LEVEL y -1.00 1.00
LUMA_KEY_MIN_LUMA y
LUMA_KEY_MAX_LUMA y