我使用了某个软件（Asterisk），它在其源代码树中包含一个漂亮的小脚本，可以自动从您的发行版存储库（当然包括 Ubuntu）下载和安装它需要的所有软件包。这些先决条件之一（libvpb1）需要一条信息（默认国家电话前缀），因此脚本变得不那么自动：
将此库安装在不运行电话功能的系统中是无害的，因此您可以自己测试它。
我的问题是：我如何预先以非交互方式提供答案，以便 apt-get install （或者，更确切地说，dpkg -i）抓住它并使用它，就好像它是在那个 ncurses 屏幕上输入的一样？
一个通用的解决方案会更好，比如，我怎么知道是否有任何包需要这样的信息，以及如何从脚本中设置它？
上面提到了使用不稳定的回购。
这些方向至少对另一个无效：
Jitsi Download Development Documentation Support and Custom Development要使用我们的 debian/ubuntu 稳定存储库：
将 Jitsi 存储库密钥安装到您的系统上
wget -qO - https://download.jitsi.org/jitsi-key.gpg.key | sudo apt-key 添加 -
使用存储库创建 sources.list.d 文件
sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list"
更新您的包裹清单
sudo apt-get -y 更新
安装 Jitsi
sudo apt-get -y 安装 jitsi
添加两个回购：
nicholas $
nicholas $ wget -qO - https://download.jitsi.org/jitsi-key.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
OK
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list"
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org unstable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-unstable.list"
nicholas $
注释掉稳定的仓库并更新：
nicholas $
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list
#deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo apt update
Hit:1 https://download.jitsi.org unstable/ InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
214 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
nicholas $
然后尝试安装：
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo apt install jitsi
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
jitsi : Depends: libavformat57 but it is not installable or
libavformat-ffmpeg56 but it is not installable
Depends: libavcodec57 but it is not installable or
libavcodec-extra57 but it is not installable or
libavcodec-ffmpeg56 but it is not installable or
libavcodec-ffmpeg-extra56 but it is not installable
Depends: libavfilter6 but it is not installable or
libavfilter-extra6 but it is not installable or
libavfilter-ffmpeg5 but it is not installable
Depends: libavutil55 but it is not installable or
libavutil-ffmpeg54 but it is not installable
Depends: libswscale4 but it is not installable or
libswscale-ffmpeg3 but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
nicholas $
然后具有未满足的依赖关系。哦，不稳定的回购：
nicholas $
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-unstable.list
deb https://download.jitsi.org unstable/
nicholas $
https://desktop.jitsi.org/Main/DebianRepository.html
Both `universe` and `multiverse` are enabled as:
nicholas $
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo add-apt-repository universe
'universe' distribution component is already enabled for all sources.
nicholas $
nicholas $ sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
'multiverse' distribution component is already enabled for all sources.
nicholas $
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
#deb http://ag-projects.com/ubuntu focal main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd64 (20200423)]/ focal main restricted
# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.
nicholas $
我已经使用sudo apt-get install asterisk命令安装了 Asterisk，但是当我运行时asterisk -r我看到Unable to open specified master config file '/etc/asterisk/asterisk.conf'，这意味着没有安装配置文件。有没有办法从官方存储库安装它们而无需从源代码构建 Asterisk？
操作系统：Ubuntu 20.04。
我正在尝试安装asterisk -15.4.0
roman@romanPC:~/asterisk-install/asterisk-15.4.0$ sudo ./contrib/scripts/install_prereq install
在某些时候它说：
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:
Remove the following packages:
1) apturl
2) hwdata
3) libcurl4-gnutls-dev
4) nautilus-share
5) nvidia-prime
6) pciutils
7) software-properties-gtk
8) ubuntu-desktop
9) ubuntu-drivers-common
10) ubuntu-standard
和
The following packages will be REMOVED:
apturl{a} bbswitch-dkms{u} hwdata{a} libcurl4-gnutls-dev{a} nautilus-share{a} nvidia-prime{a}
pciutils{a} software-properties-gtk{a} ubuntu-desktop{a} ubuntu-drivers-common{a}
ubuntu-standard{a}
并进一步
Removing hwdata (0.267-1) ...
Removing libcurl4-gnutls-dev:amd64 (7.47.0-1ubuntu2.7) ...
Removing ubuntu-standard (1.361.1) ...
Removing ubuntu-desktop (1.361.1) ...
Removing software-properties-gtk (0.96.20.7) ...
Removing ubuntu-drivers-common (1:0.4.17.7) ...
Removing pciutils (1:3.3.1-1.1ubuntu1.1) ...
那样行吗？为什么一定要删除ubuntu-desktop之类的包？我应该担心吗？我应该解决这个问题还是不理会它？
我的操作系统：Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS
它还说（我不知道，也许这有帮助）：
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
linux-headers-4.13.0-36 linux-headers-4.13.0-36-generic linux-headers-4.13.0-37
linux-headers-4.13.0-37-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-119 linux-headers-4.4.0-119-generic
linux-image-4.13.0-36-generic linux-image-4.13.0-37-generic linux-image-4.4.0-119-generic
linux-image-extra-4.13.0-36-generic linux-image-extra-4.13.0-37-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-119-generic
这是整个日志。谢谢。
当我运行时：
$ asterisk -rvvv | tee temp-log-asterisk.txt
$ ubuntu*CLI> dialplan reload
$ exit
这是星号的实际输出：
现在，当我查看内容时，temp-log-asterisk.txt我希望看到相同的内容，但我看到的是这个！：
