全部问题(ubuntu)

我在 Kubuntu 24.04 中有两个 samba 共享，一个在 ext4 上，另一个在 NTFS 分区上。

我想从 Android 访问它们。在那里，VLC 可以正常查看和访问它们，查看文件，播放媒体。但没有文件管理器可以。有些可以显示顶部位置和文件夹，但不显示文件，有些还显示“拒绝访问”。

问题似乎出在权限上。

我在 Samba 状态中看到此信息：

• 对于 ext4 分区上的一个：

• 对于 NTFS 分区上的分区：

/etc/samba/smb.conf 包含以下行：

;   write list = root, @lpadmin

[DEPO-VIDEO]
path = /home/cip/Mounted/Samba/DEPO-VIDEO
available = yes
valid users = cip
read only = no
browseable = yes
public = yes

[Ntfs-Depo-VIDEOOO]
path = /home/cip/Mounted/Samba/Ntfs-Depo-VIDEOOO
available = yes
valid users = cip
read only = no
browseable = yes
public = yes

chmod 似乎无法使用：

chmod -v 751 /media/cip
chmod: changing permissions of '/media/cip': Operation not permitted
failed to change mode of '/media/cip' from 0750 (rwxr-x---) to 0751 (rwxr-x--x)

从 24.04 升级到 24.10 后，当我将便携式三星 T7（Ext4）插入 USB 端口时，它不再自动挂载。

当我插入它时，驱动器的名称会出现在 files/nautilus 中，但弹出符号不会出现，程序无法访问它。当我单击驱动器名称时，它将安装。

但是，如果我插入一个拇指驱动器（Fat32），它就会完美地自动挂载。

我应该如何尝试修复此问题？

编辑：我还尝试了“磁盘”并覆盖了正常会话设置，并为驱动器打开了“启动时自动挂载”，但这不起作用。

我将 Ubuntu 24.04 升级到 Ubuntu 24.10，Prism Launcher（经过修改的 Minecraft 启动器）被卸载了。这该如何解释？我只是想知道，因为我认为它不会干扰任何系统软件包，无论如何我都可以稍后再安装它。它是通过 apt 安装的。

我在 cat /etc/sysctl.confcat 中有 fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288

尽管如此，每次发行版升级，以及“时不时”我必须执行“sudo sysctl -p”

• 为什么不持久保存？并且不时减少到 64k？

从上周末开始，我开始收到https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble 的证书错误。

Ign:1 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble InRelease
Ign:2 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease                 
Ign:3 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-security InRelease                                 
Ign:4 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease                                
Hit:5 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease         
Hit:6 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu noble-apps-updates InRelease
Hit:7 https://esm.ubuntu.com/apps/ubuntu noble-apps-security InRelease
Hit:8 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu noble-infra-security InRelease
Ign:1 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble InRelease                    
Hit:9 https://esm.ubuntu.com/infra/ubuntu noble-infra-updates InRelease  
Ign:2 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease
Ign:3 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
Ign:4 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
Ign:1 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble InRelease
Ign:2 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease
Ign:3 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
Ign:4 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
Err:1 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble InRelease
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
Err:2 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-updates InRelease
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
Err:3 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-security InRelease
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
Err:4 https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu noble-backports InRelease
  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
W: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu/dists/noble/InRelease  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
W: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu/dists/noble-updates/InRelease  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
W: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu/dists/noble-security/InRelease  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
W: Failed to fetch https://mirrors.ptisp.pt/ubuntu/dists/noble-backports/InRelease  Certificate verification failed: The certificate is NOT trusted. The certificate chain uses expired certificate.  Could not handshake: Error in the certificate verification. [IP: 130.185.80.122 443]
W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.

我已经更新了我的 ca_certificates。此外，我还在源文件中用 替换了https它http并将其恢复。问题仍然存在。

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

谢谢！

因此，为了做到这一点，我安装了旧内核 5.15.150 并在恢复模式下启动，但一切都被破坏了（应用程序无法打开、gnome 出错、WiFi 无法使用）现在我正在尝试使用更新的内核 6.4，但恐怕我找不到它。有没有人尝试过安装它并且成功了？

我的 WIFI 有问题

重启后 8-10 分钟内可以正常工作，但随后它开始重新连接、失去连接等等

这个问题是在我的旧 Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS 内核更新后出现的，我发现我的 WIFI 只有在内核 5.15.0-76-generic 上才能稳定工作，所以我使用了它

当我升级到 Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS 时，我希望它能解决我的问题，但即使是最新的内核 6.8.0-48-generic 更新也没有帮助

我尝试将驱动程序文件夹从内核 5.15.0-76-generic 复制到新内核（ChatGPT 有帮助），然后我尝试了surfacego-wifi - 没有结果

现在我有两个选择

1. 使用以太网电缆
2. 切换到旧的操作系统/内核

但我喜欢新的 Ubuntu 24，所以请帮我解决这个问题

以下是一些详细信息

我的系统参数：

• 华硕 N551JW
• 英特尔® 酷睿™ i7-4720HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz × 8
• NVIDIA GeForce GTX 960M/PCIe/SSE2
• 内存 16GB

$ sudo dmesg | grep ath
[    2.174899] systemd[1]: /etc/systemd/system/anydesk.service:9: PIDFile= references a path below legacy directory /var/run/, updating /var/run/anydesk.pid → /run/anydesk.pid; please update the unit file accordingly.
[    2.250017] systemd[1]: Started systemd-ask-password-wall.path - Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch.
[    2.268147] systemd[1]: systemd-fsck-root.service - File System Check on Root Device was skipped because of an unmet condition check (ConditionPathExists=!/run/initramfs/fsck-root).
[    3.867601] usbcore: registered new interface driver ath3k
[    3.879154] ath: phy0: Set parameters for CUS198
[    3.879160] ath: phy0: Set BT/WLAN RX diversity capability
[    3.887376] ath: phy0: Enable LNA combining
[    3.889668] ath: phy0: ASPM enabled: 0x42
[    3.889674] ath: EEPROM regdomain: 0x60
[    3.889676] ath: EEPROM indicates we should expect a direct regpair map
[    3.889678] ath: Country alpha2 being used: 00
[    3.889679] ath: Regpair used: 0x60
[    3.903803] ath9k 0000:04:00.0 wlp4s0: renamed from wlan0
[  277.758788] audit: type=1107 audit(1730666769.211:210): pid=1383 uid=102 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" operation="dbus_method_call"  bus="system" path="/org/freedesktop/timedate1" interface="org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties" member="GetAll" mask="send" name=":1.125" pid=4251 label="snap.firefox.firefox" peer_pid=4409 peer_label="unconfined"
[  277.759595] audit: type=1107 audit(1730666769.212:211): pid=1383 uid=102 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=unconfined msg='apparmor="DENIED" operation="dbus_method_call"  bus="system" path="/org/freedesktop/timedate1" interface="org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties" member="GetAll" mask="send" name=":1.125" pid=4251 label="snap.firefox.firefox" peer_pid=4409 peer_label="unconfined"
[  336.001886] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  340.840702] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  346.176497] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  348.321570] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  353.720426] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x0000610c
[  360.759970] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  368.127641] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  371.303975] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  376.959554] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  381.741208] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  385.699023] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  391.814775] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  397.871560] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  401.798424] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  405.852222] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  412.909632] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  419.166673] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  423.829560] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x0000610c
[  430.707407] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  436.907634] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  440.868146] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  447.731070] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x00006100
[  454.801735] ath: phy0: DMA failed to stop in 10 ms AR_CR=0x00000024 AR_DIAG_SW=0x02000020 DMADBG_7=0x0000610e

$ lspci -knn | grep Net -A2
04:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0032] (rev 01)
    Subsystem: AzureWave AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [1a3b:2126]
    Kernel driver in use: ath9k
    Kernel modules: ath9k

$ uname -a
Linux N551JW 6.8.0-48-generic #48-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Fri Sep 27 14:04:52 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

$ sudo lshw -C network
  *-network                 
       description: Wireless interface
       product: AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter
       vendor: Qualcomm Atheros
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0
       logical name: wlp4s0
       version: 01
       serial: 28:c2:dd:d8:3f:c7
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=ath9k driverversion=6.8.0-48-generic firmware=N/A ip=192.168.1.2 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
       resources: irq:18 memory:f7900000-f797ffff memory:f7980000-f798ffff
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0.1
       bus info: pci@0000:05:00.1
       logical name: enp5s0f1
       version: 12
       serial: 08:62:66:b9:00:58
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=6.8.0-48-generic firmware=rtl8411-2_0.0.1 07/08/13 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair
       resources: irq:19 ioport:d000(size=256) memory:f7814000-f7814fff memory:f7810000-f7813fff

$ lspci
00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller (rev 06)
00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller (rev 06)
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 06)
00:03.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor HD Audio Controller (rev 06)
00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI (rev 05)
00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 04)
00:1a.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #2 (rev 05)
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05)
00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #1 (rev d5)
00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev d5)
00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev d5)
00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev d5)
00:1d.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI #1 (rev 05)
00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM86 Express LPC Controller (rev 05)
00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family 6-port SATA Controller 1 [AHCI mode] (rev 05)
00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation 8 Series/C220 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller (rev 05)
01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 960M] (rev a2)
04:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01)
05:00.0 Unassigned class [ff00]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8411B PCI Express Card Reader (rev 01)
05:00.1 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8211/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 12)

$ iwconfig
lo        no wireless extensions.

enp5s0f1  no wireless extensions.

wlp4s0    IEEE 802.11  ESSID:"My_SSID"  
          Mode:Managed  Frequency:2.412 GHz  Access Point: 04:5E:A4:4D:92:82   
          Bit Rate=1 Mb/s   Tx-Power=15 dBm   
          Retry short limit:7   RTS thr:off   Fragment thr:off
          Power Management:off
          Link Quality=70/70  Signal level=-32 dBm  
          Rx invalid nwid:0  Rx invalid crypt:0  Rx invalid frag:0
          Tx excessive retries:980  Invalid misc:6   Missed beacon:0

$ rfkill list
0: hci0: Bluetooth
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no
1: phy0: Wireless LAN
    Soft blocked: no
    Hard blocked: no

我在 Ubuntu 24.04 之前一直使用 X11，因为 Wayland 与我的设置存在兼容性问题。但是，由于一些特定任务以及 24.10 中 Wayland 对 NVIDIA 显卡的支持有所改进，我决定改用 Wayland。

Wayland 确实启动速度更快，并且在 Nautilus 等应用程序中提供更流畅的体验。但是，我注意到了一些问题：按下主显示屏上的 Super/Win 键会导致动画不连贯，即使没有运行任何后台应用程序也是如此。此外，当通过 HDMI 连接外接显示器时，我在 GNOME 上遇到了系统范围的延迟，包括在 Chrome 中滚动或在辅助显示器上执行其他任务时。有趣的是，在 X11 上一切都运行顺畅，没有这些问题。

我的设置包括一台联想 Legion 笔记本电脑，配备 i7-10750H、16GB RAM 和 RTX 2060 移动 GPU，运行专有 NVIDIA 驱动程序版本 560。Ubuntu 安装在 NVMe SSD 上。

我可以调整什么来提高其性能，或者这仅仅是我必须接受 Wayland 的一个限制？

我正在尝试安装 Ubuntu 24.04。由于我有一个 Windows 分区，因此我选择了手动分区。我必须选择一个驱动器来安装引导加载程序。列出了两个驱动器：我的硬盘驱动器和我的 USB 驱动器。显然，我想在硬盘驱动器上安装引导加载程序，但它是灰色的，我只能选择 USB（见图）。

在我的硬盘上，有一个 104Mo 的分区，我表示我想将其用作 /boot，格式为 VFAT。我想它可能太小了，但即使我放了一个更大的 /boot VFAT 分区，硬盘仍然变灰了……（我还将使用 sda6 作为我的根分区，但当我设置它时，它不会改变任何东西）

我安装了几次 ubuntu，这是我第一次遇到这个问题...我不知道问题可能是什么。

你能告诉我怎样修复它吗？

编辑：根据@user68186 的建议，在安装之前使用 gparted 删除实时 USB 上的根分区和交换分区使得可以选择我的硬盘作为引导加载程序。

编辑添加部分屏幕截图：

屏幕撕裂出现在屏幕下方约三分之二处的特定水平线上（见下图）。

如果我将分辨率从 4K 改为2K，然后再改回 4K，问题就会消失，因此分辨率更改期间发生的任何情况似乎都会产生积极影响。但是，重启系统后，屏幕撕裂再次出现。

我附上了一张用手机拍摄的照片，因为我无法使用内置软件捕捉视频或屏幕截图。

• 我在 Ubuntu 24.04.1 上进行了全新安装
• Nvidia 专有驱动程序 550
• Nvidia RTX 4070
• 华硕 PB287Q 显示器，分辨率为 4k（3840*2160）。