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twofifty6
Asked: 2020-10-28 11:06:30 +0800 CST

部分升级破坏了我的系统

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我现在在 18.04，即将升级到 20.04。我的包管理器为我提供了部分升级和 dist 升级作为选项。我认为最好先运行部分升级并尝试在升级到 20.04 之前解决任何未解决的问题。这似乎已经破坏了我的系统。重新启动后，它只是挂起并且永远不会启动（我将其放置超过 24 小时，并且它从未从仅显示 /dev/sda1 干净的消息的黑白 TTY 中移动）。

我能够重新启动并选择以前的内核版本（5.4.0-51-generic），我的系统也启动了，但使用的是 nouveau 驱动程序，分辨率很荒谬。不幸的是，显示选项没有提供任何更改它的选项，所以我尝试安装 nvidia 专有驱动程序（同样——它们以前已安装）。我仍然可以使用旧内核启动，但我似乎无法修复损坏的软件包。例如：

$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver-455
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libnvidia-gl-450-server : Depends: libnvidia-common-450-server but it is not going to be installed
 libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386 : Depends: libnvidia-common-450-server:i386
 nvidia-driver-455 : Depends: libnvidia-gl-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: nvidia-dkms-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: nvidia-kernel-source-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-compute-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-extra-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: nvidia-compute-utils-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-decode-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-encode-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: nvidia-utils-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-cfg1-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-ifr1-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Depends: libnvidia-fbc1-455 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1) but it is not going to be installed
                     Recommends: libnvidia-compute-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)
                     Recommends: libnvidia-decode-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)
                     Recommends: libnvidia-encode-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)
                     Recommends: libnvidia-ifr1-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)
                     Recommends: libnvidia-fbc1-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)
                     Recommends: libnvidia-gl-455:i386 (= 455.32.00-0ubuntu1)


$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following package was automatically installed and is no longer required:
  libnvidia-common-450
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove it.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libnvidia-common-450-server
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libnvidia-common-450-server
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 7 not upgraded.
5 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 9,928 B of archives.
After this operation, 35.8 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/multiverse amd64 libnvidia-common-450-server all 450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 [9,928 B]
Fetched 9,928 B in 0s (88.0 kB/s)                      
(Reading database ... 282148 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libnvidia-common-450-server_450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3_all.deb ...
Unpacking libnvidia-common-450-server (450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-common-450-server_450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3_all.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/share/nvidia/nvidia-application-profiles-450.80.02-key-documentation', which is also in package libnvidia-common-450 450.80.02-0ubuntu1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/libnvidia-common-450-server_450.80.02-0ubuntu0.18.04.3_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我如何在这里恢复运行？我可以在 18.04 上修复这里的问题，还是直接使用 20.04 USB 密钥启动并告诉它升级我现有的安装？我试过跑步apt autoclean，apt clean但那些也无济于事。

nvidia apt partial-upgrade

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我通过简单地尝试删除libnvidia-gl-450-server包来解决这个问题libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386，然后它会抱怨包，然后会抱怨另一个包，等等。我不断重新运行命令，添加它抱怨的每个新包，直到我终于得到需要删除的软件包的完整列表。最终，这恰好是我的清单，但它可能会因您的系统和/或损坏的软件包而异：

    sudo apt-get remove libnvidia-gl-450-server libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386 nvidia-driver-450-server libnvidia-ifr1-450-server libnvidia-ifr1-450-server:i386

    然后我跑了sudo apt update，它成功完成了。我安装了所有等待的更新，重新启动了我的机器（因为有内核更新），现在它可以在最新内核上使用功能性 nvidia 驱动程序正常启动，并且我的包系统已修复。我现在将继续进行 LTS 更新。

    • 1

  2. 首先，阅读您刚刚运行的命令的输出：

    您可能需要运行 'apt --fix-broken install' 来纠正这些问题。

    ...现在就这样做，据我所知，这是一个明智的选择。

    如果这没有帮助，则删除有问题的包；IE

    sudo apt purge nvidia-driver-455

    其次是清理剩余部分的选项。例如

    sudo apt autoremove
    sudo apt autoclean

    例如，第一行的包名称libnvidia-gl-450-server:i386可能表明您使用的是 32 位系统 - 即通过显示:386.

    我很确定已经阅读了基本 Ubuntu 已放弃 32 位系统支持：如果您确实正在尝试升级 32 位系统；您可能需要查找仍然支持旧架构的另一个发行版。

    如果不是这种情况，请尝试其他 nvidia 驱动程序包，甚至是 nvidia 提供的运行时（从故障恢复控制台运行它！），假设有适合硬件的版本。

    • 0

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