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pr0logas
Asked: 2020-01-22 05:37:53 +0800 CST

使用损坏的 apt-get 包管理器如何安全地释放 /boot 目录

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我有一个生产 vm U16.04 LTS，它破坏了 apt-get 和/boot带有各种内核的完整目录。

apt-get install -f

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  linux-headers-4.4.0-138 linux-headers-4.4.0-138-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-139 linux-headers-4.4.0-139-generic
  linux-headers-4.4.0-141 linux-headers-4.4.0-141-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-142 linux-headers-4.4.0-142-generic
  linux-headers-4.4.0-145 linux-headers-4.4.0-145-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-148 linux-headers-4.4.0-148-generic
  linux-headers-4.4.0-150 linux-headers-4.4.0-150-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-157 linux-headers-4.4.0-157-generic
  linux-image-4.4.0-138-generic linux-image-4.4.0-139-generic linux-image-4.4.0-141-generic linux-image-4.4.0-142-generic
  linux-image-4.4.0-145-generic linux-image-4.4.0-148-generic linux-image-4.4.0-150-generic linux-image-4.4.0-157-generic
  linux-image-extra-4.4.0-138-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-139-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-141-generic
  linux-image-extra-4.4.0-142-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-145-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-148-generic
  linux-modules-4.4.0-150-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-157-generic linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-145-generic
  linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-148-generic linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-150-generic linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-157-generic
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  linux-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-171 linux-headers-4.4.0-171-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.4.0-157-generic
  linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic linux-image-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-157-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic
  linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-171-generic
Suggested packages:
  fdutils linux-doc-4.4.0 | linux-source-4.4.0 linux-tools
Recommended packages:
  thermald
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  linux-headers-4.4.0-171 linux-headers-4.4.0-171-generic linux-image-4.4.0-157-generic linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic
  linux-modules-4.4.0-157-generic linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-171-generic
The following packages will be upgraded:
  linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
3 upgraded, 7 newly installed, 0 to remove and 199 not upgraded.
7 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 66.3 MB/85.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 369 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic amd64 4.4.0-171.200 [12.0 MB]
Get:2 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic amd64 4.4.0-171.200 [6,938 kB]
Get:3 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-171-generic amd64 4.4.0-171.200 [36.6 MB]
Get:4 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.4.0.171.179 [1,790 B]
Get:5 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.4.0.171.179 [2,442 B]
Get:6 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-171 all 4.4.0-171.200 [10.0 MB]
Get:7 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.4.0-171-generic amd64 4.4.0-171.200 [798 kB]
Get:8 http://mirror.hetzner.de/ubuntu/packages xenial-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.4.0.171.179 [2,282 B]
Fetched 66.3 MB in 1s (36.3 MB/s)                
Selecting previously unselected package linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic.
(Reading database ... 415318 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic_4.4.0-171.200_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic (4.4.0-171.200) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-modules-4.4.0-171-generic_4.4.0-171.200_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 cannot copy extracted data for './boot/System.map-4.4.0-171-generic' to '/boot/System.map-4.4.0-171-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic.
Preparing to unpack .../linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic_4.4.0-171.200_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic (4.4.0-171.200) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-image-4.4.0-171-generic_4.4.0-171.200_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 cannot copy extracted data for './boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-171-generic' to '/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-171-generic.dpkg-new': failed to write (No space left on device)
dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe)

cd /boot && ls

abi-4.4.0-138-generic     config-4.4.0-154-generic      retpoline-4.4.0-138-generic   System.map-4.4.0-154-generic
abi-4.4.0-139-generic     grub                          retpoline-4.4.0-139-generic   vmlinuz-4.4.0-138-generic
abi-4.4.0-141-generic     initrd.img-4.4.0-138-generic  retpoline-4.4.0-141-generic   vmlinuz-4.4.0-139-generic
abi-4.4.0-142-generic     initrd.img-4.4.0-139-generic  retpoline-4.4.0-142-generic   vmlinuz-4.4.0-141-generic
config-4.4.0-138-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-141-generic  System.map-4.4.0-138-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-142-generic
config-4.4.0-139-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-142-generic  System.map-4.4.0-139-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-143-generic
config-4.4.0-141-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-143-generic  System.map-4.4.0-141-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-145-generic
config-4.4.0-142-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-145-generic  System.map-4.4.0-142-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-148-generic
config-4.4.0-143-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-148-generic  System.map-4.4.0-143-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-150-generic
config-4.4.0-145-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-150-generic  System.map-4.4.0-145-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-151-generic
config-4.4.0-148-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-151-generic  System.map-4.4.0-148-generic  vmlinuz-4.4.0-154-generic
config-4.4.0-150-generic  initrd.img-4.4.0-154-generic  System.map-4.4.0-150-generic
config-4.4.0-151-generic  lost+found                    System.map-4.4.0-151-generic

uname -r
4.4.0-143-generic

df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev             63G     0   63G   0% /dev
tmpfs            13G  1.3G   12G  11% /run
/dev/md2        1.8T  714G  953G  43% /
tmpfs            63G     0   63G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock
tmpfs            63G     0   63G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/md1        488M  486M     0 100% /boot
/dev/sdc1       1.8T   68M  1.7T   1% /var/lib/mysql-extra-disk
tmpfs            13G     0   13G   0% /run/user/0
tmpfs            13G     0   13G   0% /run/user/111

rm如果不安全，我不想使用任何命令。任何帮助表示赞赏。

编辑：

删除：

root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm abi-4.4.0-138-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm abi-4.4.0-139-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm initrd.img-4.4.0-138-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm initrd.img-4.4.0-139-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm retpoline-4.4.0-138-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm retpoline-4.4.0-139-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm System.map-4.4.0-138-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm System.map-4.4.0-139-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm vmlinuz-4.4.0-138-generic
root@Ubuntu-1604-xenial-64-minimal-no-hwe /boot # rm vmlinuz-4.4.0-139-generic

并apt-get install -f工作。谢谢！

boot apt

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    检查您使用的是哪个内核版本uname -a，然后从您不使用的内核中删除所有 config- 、 initrd-、 System.map-* 和 config-* 文件，以确保留下一个版本（即. 如果uname -a返回类似：4.4.0-169-generic，则保留文件4.4.0-166和较新版本）。然后，只需运行

    apt -y autoremove

    你可以走了。如果您不想删除任何文件，也可以将/boot文件移动到其他位置。

    我在我所有的 350 台服务器上都使用了这个程序，它非常安全。

    • 1

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