Início / user-847449

Nicholas Saunders's questions

Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2023-12-21 07:19:31 +0800 CST
  • 5

Como o slrn é configurado para que o nano seja usado como editor?

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ grep vim .slrnrc 
%set editor_command "vim -c %d '%s'"
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ grep nano .slrnrc
%set editor_command "nano -c %d '%s'"
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ slrn --version
slrn 1.0.3
S-Lang Library Version: 2.3.3
    * Note: This program was compiled against version 2.3.2.
Operating System: Linux

COMPILE TIME OPTIONS:
 Backends: +nntp +slrnpull +spool
 External programs / libs: +canlock +inews +ssl +uudeview +iconv
 Features: +decoding +emphasized_text +end_of_thread +fake_refs +gen_msgid
    -grouplens -msgid_cache +piping +rnlock +spoilers -strict_from
 Using 64 bit integers for article numbers.

DEFAULTS:
 Default server object:     nntp
 Default posting mechanism: nntp
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ lsb_release 
No LSB modules are available.
nicholas@mordor:~$

A documentação não é muito específica sobre isso:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/slrn

apenas dizendo que isso pode ser feito.

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2023-12-15 21:48:25 +0800 CST
  • 5

Como determino o que está sendo executado na porta 25 abaixo?

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ ss -tlpn sport 25
State                   Recv-Q                  Send-Q                                   Local Address:Port                                    Peer Address:Port                  Process                  
LISTEN                  0                       100                                          127.0.0.1:25                                           0.0.0.0:*                                              
LISTEN                  0                       100                                              [::1]:25                                              [::]:*                                              
nicholas@mordor:~$

Posso rastrear isso usando psde alguma forma?

Dentro do contexto de:

onde o fetchmail armazena correspondência?

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2023-06-10 22:35:27 +0800 CST
  • 7

Como o OpenJDK é instalado a partir do snap para que javac e java estejam disponíveis na CLI?

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ snap list
Name                       Version           Rev    Tracking         Publisher      Notes
bare                       1.0               5      latest/stable    canonical✓     base
chromium                   113.0.5672.126    2477   latest/stable    canonical✓     -
core18                     20230503          2751   latest/stable    canonical✓     base
core20                     20230503          1891   latest/stable    canonical✓     base
core22                     20230531          750    latest/stable    canonical✓     base
cups                       2.4.2-5           872    latest/stable    openprinting✓  -
firefox                    111.0.1-2         2517   latest/stable/…  mozilla✓       -
gnome-3-38-2004            0+git.6f39565     140    latest/stable    canonical✓     -
gnome-42-2204              0+git.587e965     102    latest/stable/…  canonical✓     -
gtk-common-themes          0.1-81-g442e511   1535   latest/stable/…  canonical✓     -
openjdk                    20.0.1+9          1349   latest/stable    jgneff         -
snap-store                 41.3-71-g709398e  959    latest/stable/…  canonical✓     -
snapd                      2.59.4            19361  latest/stable    canonical✓     snapd
snapd-desktop-integration  0.9               83     latest/stable/…  canonical✓     -
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ openjdk.java -version
openjdk version "20.0.1" 2023-04-18
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 20.0.1+9-snap)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.0.1+9-snap, mixed mode, sharing)
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ java --version
Command 'java' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jre-headless  # version 17.0.7+7~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04, or
sudo apt install default-jre              # version 2:1.17-74
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jre-headless  # version 11.0.19+7~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install openjdk-20-jre-headless  # version 20.0.1+9~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jre-headless   # version 8u372-ga~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install openjdk-18-jre-headless  # version 18.0.2+9-2ubuntu1
sudo apt install openjdk-19-jre-headless  # version 19.0.2+7-0ubuntu4
sudo apt install openjdk-21-jre-headless  # version 21~14ea~us1-0ubuntu1
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ javac --version
Command 'javac' not found, but can be installed with:
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk-headless  # version 17.0.7+7~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04, or
sudo apt install default-jdk              # version 2:1.17-74
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk-headless  # version 11.0.19+7~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install openjdk-20-jdk-headless  # version 20.0.1+9~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk-headless   # version 8u372-ga~us1-0ubuntu1~23.04
sudo apt install ecj                      # version 3.32.0+eclipse4.26-2
sudo apt install openjdk-18-jdk-headless  # version 18.0.2+9-2ubuntu1
sudo apt install openjdk-19-jdk-headless  # version 19.0.2+7-0ubuntu4
sudo apt install openjdk-21-jdk-headless  # version 21~14ea~us1-0ubuntu1
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 23.04
Release:    23.04
Codename:   lunar
nicholas@mordor:~$

Veja também:

https://stackoverflow.com/q/67469925/4531180

https://snapcraft.io/install/openjdk/ubuntu

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2023-05-20 20:03:12 +0800 CST
  • 5

Como a moneroGUI da carteira é iniciada?

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ apt search monero
Sorting... Done
Full Text Search... Done
monero/jammy,now 0.17.2.0+~0+20200826-1ubuntu4 amd64 [installed]
  cryptocoin client for Monero network - daemon and tools

monero-tests/jammy 0.17.2.0+~0+20200826-1ubuntu4 amd64
  cryptocoin client for Monero network - testsuite

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Release:    22.04
Codename:   jammy
nicholas@mordor:~$

O pacote acima permite a execução monero-wallet-cli, mas infelizmente não há correspondente monero-wallet-gui.

apt
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2022-07-01 05:58:33 +0800 CST
  • 1

No contexto do botão Aceitar e Recusar ausente no Thunderbird ao receber um convite em que uma resposta explica em parte:

Usando o editor de configuração , basta definir calendar.google.enableEmailInvitationscomo true. Você também pode definir calendar.google.sendEventNotificationscomo false para evitar a possibilidade de um bug antigo que enviou novos eventos em vez de notificações; Eu não testei isso. Em seguida, reinicie o Thunderbird.

Como é calendar.google.enableEmailInvitationsalternado para true?

Deve haver uma opção para abrir Preferencese selecionar "avançado", que foi alterado, de quando a pergunta foi feita, ou simplesmente não estou vendo.

thunderbird
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-09-11 18:18:31 +0800 CST
  • 0

Dada esta consulta:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ dig  TXT  _dmarc.cisco.com

; <<>> DiG 9.16.8-Ubuntu <<>> TXT _dmarc.cisco.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 3976
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;_dmarc.cisco.com.      IN  TXT

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_dmarc.cisco.com.   1238    IN  TXT "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; pct=0; fo=1; ri=3600; rua=mailto:cisco@rua.agari.com,mailto:ynldvgsr@ag.dmarcian.com; ruf=mailto:cisco@ruf.agari.com,mailto:ynldvgsr@fr.dmarcian.com;"

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
;; WHEN: Fri Sep 10 19:21:51 PDT 2021
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 231

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ uname -a
Linux mordor 5.11.0-34-generic #36-Ubuntu SMP Thu Aug 26 19:22:09 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
nicholas@mordor:~$

Como se sabe se o DMARCregistro existe ou não para a Cisco?

Melhor ainda, qual seria um contra-exemplo onde não há registro DMARC? Como esse resultado de consulta seria diferente?

Se a Answerseção não tiver uma entrada como:

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_dmarc.cisco.com.   1238    IN  TXT "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; pct=0; fo=1; ri=3600; rua=mailto:cisco@rua.agari.com,mailto:ynldvgsr@ag.dmarcian.com; ruf=mailto:cisco@ruf.agari.com,mailto:ynldvgsr@fr.dmarcian.com;"

então falta um DMARCregistro?

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-09-09 16:04:29 +0800 CST
  • 0

Uma pesquisa rápida em mxtoolbox.comshows:

Category    Host    Result  
dmarc   example.com     No DMARC Record found    More Info
spf     example.com     No SPF Record found      More Info
mx      example.com     No DMARC Record found    More Info
mx      example.com     DMARC Quarantine/Reject policy not enabled   More Info
dns     example.com     SOA Expire Value out of recommended range    More Info

para um domínio específico (não "example.com" obviamente).

Eu estava vendo que para pesquisar DMARCregistros, por exemplo, com dig a sintaxe é assim:

dig TXT  _dmarc.example.com

Mas como se estabelece a existência de um DMARCregistro dig?

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-07-28 14:42:47 +0800 CST
  • 4

Como eu leria a manpágina calibrequando ela estiver instalada flatpakconforme abaixo?

nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ flatpak info com.calibre_ebook.calibre

calibre - The one stop solution to all your e-book needs

          ID: com.calibre_ebook.calibre
         Ref: app/com.calibre_ebook.calibre/x86_64/stable
        Arch: x86_64
      Branch: stable
     Version: 5.23.0
     License: GPL-3.0
      Origin: flathub
  Collection: org.flathub.Stable
Installation: system
   Installed: 360.9 MB
     Runtime: org.freedesktop.Platform/x86_64/20.08
         Sdk: org.freedesktop.Sdk/x86_64/20.08

      Commit: 13464e660f35716a725261af4b45d3abc199a3ce52ebdd9ee887c7ae623b5873
      Parent: 4f7f3b603f31cc781caf8260f887118a1bb466748891c9e122826728e25d3eed
     Subject: Update calibre-5.22.1-x86_64.txz to 5.23.0 (9184a3f3)
        Date: 2021-07-11 19:56:21 +0000
nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ flatpak --version
Flatpak 1.8.2
nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ man calibre
No manual entry for calibre
nicholas@gondor:~$

Os resultados da pesquisa que vejo são sobre como usar a flatpaksi mesmo, o que é apenas indiretamente a questão. Sem dúvida, as manpáginas estão no próprio sistema.

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-07-22 02:45:15 +0800 CST
  • 0

Como leio ou acesso a TRAVERSEvariável de ambiente abaixo?

nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ printenv | grep PATH
WINDOWPATH=2
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ printenv | grep TRAVERSE
nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ cat /etc/environment
PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin"



TRAVERSE="/home/nicholas/some_directory"
nicholas@gondor:~$

Corri source ~/.bashrcsem resultado. Espero que, se eu reiniciar, a variável seja legível, mas isso parece extremo.

Veja também:

https://stackoverflow.com/q/39296472/4531180

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-07-09 13:25:54 +0800 CST
  • 1

deve haver bastante espaço:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo df -h
Filesystem                 Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs                      1.6G  2.6M  1.6G   1% /run
/dev/mapper/vgubuntu-root   72G   68G     0 100% /
tmpfs                      7.8G   16K  7.8G   1% /dev/shm
tmpfs                      5.0M  4.0K  5.0M   1% /run/lock
tmpfs                      4.0M     0  4.0M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda2                  512M  7.9M  505M   2% /boot/efi
tmpfs                      1.6G  1.7M  1.6G   1% /run/user/1000
tmpfs                      1.6G  892K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1001
tmpfs                      1.6G  940K  1.6G   1% /run/user/1004
nicholas@mordor:~$

Eu só já olhei /dev/sda2e não a "raiz" acima com 100% de uso.

Tendo acabado de lançar o alpinecliente de e-mail, fui salvar (ou seja, baixar) cinco e-mails na minha caixa de entrada, recebi:

                                       [Error writing scratch file: No space left on device]
? Help                < FldrList            P PrevMsg               - PrevPage          D Delete              R Reply               
O OTHER CMDS          > [ViewMsg]           N NextMsg             Spc NextPage          U Undelete            F Forward

o que é muito estranho. A corrida du -shestá demorando bastante, aqui estão os resultados até agora:

root@mordor:/# 
root@mordor:/# pwd
/
root@mordor:/# 
root@mordor:/# du -sh *
0   bin
169M    boot
4.0K    cdrom
16K dev
17M etc
54G home
0   lib
0   lib32
0   lib64
0   libx32
16K lost+found
8.0K    media
4.0K    mnt
4.0K    opt
du: cannot access 'proc/114024/task/114024/fd/4': No such file or directory
du: cannot access 'proc/114024/task/114024/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory
du: cannot access 'proc/114024/fd/3': No such file or directory
du: cannot access 'proc/114024/fdinfo/3': No such file or directory
0   proc
34M root
du: cannot access 'run/user/1004/doc': Permission denied
du: cannot access 'run/user/1004/gvfs': Permission denied
du: cannot access 'run/user/1001/gvfs': Permission denied
du: cannot access 'run/user/1000/doc': Permission denied
du: cannot access 'run/user/1000/gvfs': Permission denied
6.0M    run
0   sbin
6.3G    snap
4.0K    srv
0   sys
13M tmp
7.0G    usr
6.9G    var
You have new mail in /var/mail/root
root@mordor:/# 
root@mordor:/# whoami
root
root@mordor:/#

que eu corri como root como eu estava no /dir.

Estou pensando que a partição de inicialização está configurada incorretamente e misturada com o diretório raiz de alguma forma (?).

partitioning
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-07-07 14:06:15 +0800 CST
  • 0

Parece que me deparei com uma situação em que configurar o alpinecliente de e-mail (anteriormente apenas pine) para um usuário específico parece substituir alguma configuração para que o nome de usuário da conta do sistema operacional seja usado de dentro alpinepara determinar de quem é o e-mail .

Por que isso está acontecendo, em geral?

Como o remetente é configurado explicitamente ?

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-07-02 09:04:58 +0800 CST
  • 0

referenciando:

https://comp.mail.pine.narkive.com/UcMK4NZG/suppress-master-password-prompt

como o prompt de senha mestra é suprimido? Se a memória serve, isso é realmente possível. Pelo que me lembro, o arquivo é "mais ou menos" descriptografado e depois recriado para que não seja mais criptografado ... mas não consegui encontrar as instruções.

For Copyright information press "?"
Enter password of key <MasterPassword> to unlock password file:                                                                     
                                                                                                                                    
^C Cancel             Ret Accept

O arquivo específico é:

nicholas@gondor:~$ 
nicholas@gondor:~$ ls -alh .pine-passfile 
-rw------- 1 nicholas nicholas 855 Jul  2 09:55 .pine-passfile
nicholas@gondor:~$

há um procedimento para remover a senha desse arquivo, para que o cliente alpino ainda possa usar as senhas no arquivo, mas não solicitará ao usuário a senha mestra do próprio arquivo.

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-04-22 23:45:29 +0800 CST
  • 0

Dentro do contexto de:

sudo dd if=/storeM/os-dvd.iso of=/dev/sdb bs=8M
sudo dd if=/storeM/bootdisk.img of=/dev/sdc

a partir de:

Linux: Copie o DVD ISO para o disco rígido / partição vazia e inicialize como se fosse um DVD?

O que é um ddcomando específico que gravará o Ubuntu ISOem um disco rígido externo?

O SATAdisco rígido externo está conectado com um USBadaptador.

É necessário apenas um ddcomando ou dois comandos são necessários neste contexto? Além da velocidade r/w, existe uma distinção funcional entre um USBdriver de polegar aqui e o que hddé de fato SATA?

O objetivo é inicializar a partir do disco rígido externo e instalar o Ubuntu no disco rígido interno. (Este PC está executando 16.x, portanto, procure uma instalação limpa.)

A partir de:

Comando dd para criar uma imagem iso inicializável do disco rígido

parece que, talvez, mkisofsdeve ser usado primeiro no SATAdisco rígido externo antes de escrever o ISO- mas não tenho certeza.

Antes de conectar o disco rígido externo, saída de lsblk:

NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sr0                    11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
sda                     8:0    0   149G  0 disk 
├─sda2                  8:2    0     1K  0 part 
├─sda5                  8:5    0 148.5G  0 part 
│ ├─ubuntu--vg-swap_1 253:1    0     8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
│ └─ubuntu--vg-root   253:0    0 140.5G  0 lvm  /
└─sda1                  8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot

e depois:

NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdf                     8:80   0 335.4G  0 disk 
├─sdf5                  8:85   0     4G  0 part 
├─sdf1                  8:81   0 331.4G  0 part /media/nicholas/3e798148-4333-4add-ba6c-f4272c17263e
└─sdf2                  8:82   0     1K  0 part 
sr0                    11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
sda                     8:0    0   149G  0 disk 
├─sda2                  8:2    0     1K  0 part 
├─sda5                  8:5    0 148.5G  0 part 
│ ├─ubuntu--vg-swap_1 253:1    0     8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
│ └─ubuntu--vg-root   253:0    0 140.5G  0 lvm  /
└─sda1                  8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot

então isso sdfdeve ser usado com dd? Ou sdf1talvez?

E, a unidade deve ser desmontada primeiro? Eu vi menção a isso, mas isso não faz sentido, pois não haveria como gravar na unidade.

os comandos que estou vendo são:

sudo umount /dev/sdf1

dd bs=4M if=/home/nicholas/Downloads/ubuntu-20.10-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/sdf1 status=progress

embora o umountparece um pouco estranho.

Depois de executar os comandos acima, tentei tanto hd<letter><num>e hd<letter>, não consigo inicializar a partir do disco rígido externo.

A partir do console, o disco rígido externo:

$ 
$ ls /media/nicholas/Ubuntu\ 20.10\ amd64/
boot  boot.catalog  casper  dists  EFI  install  md5sum.txt  pics  pool  preseed  README.diskdefines  ubuntu
$ 
$ head /media/nicholas/Ubuntu\ 20.10\ amd64/md5sum.txt 
b465ba8b742fd78bbc4ebe723cfaa6f4  ./dists/groovy/main/binary-amd64/Release
2e5d62033421377dcb2139c3fe3747bf  ./dists/groovy/main/binary-amd64/Packages.gz
8ce3f65089cccda8e73740147e72f75e  ./dists/groovy/main/binary-i386/Release
316c3582e4e7e6c1f4849c6ec289eae5  ./dists/groovy/main/binary-i386/Packages.gz
5b4060ef05e943ae4e897cd3fc61f68c  ./dists/groovy/restricted/binary-amd64/Release
d1005d9afd8a9535834e19cc0e643b28  ./dists/groovy/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages.gz
653b1f1c47f3ac060482837c958f729d  ./dists/groovy/restricted/binary-i386/Release
25184f6e9eebacaadf48da80cbe3407a  ./dists/groovy/restricted/binary-i386/Packages.gz
222742d7b5141bab6293eee4b2d42308  ./dists/groovy/Release
46c924df68103249edd11811a272b50a  ./dists/groovy/Release.gpg
$ 
$ lsblk
NAME                  MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb                     8:16   0 335.4G  0 disk 
├─sdb2                  8:18   0   4.9M  0 part 
├─sdb3                  8:19   0   300K  0 part 
└─sdb1                  8:17   0   2.8G  0 part /media/nicholas/Ubuntu 20.10 amd64
sr0                    11:0    1  1024M  0 rom  
sda                     8:0    0   149G  0 disk 
├─sda2                  8:2    0     1K  0 part 
├─sda5                  8:5    0 148.5G  0 part 
│ ├─ubuntu--vg-swap_1 253:1    0     8G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
│ └─ubuntu--vg-root   253:0    0 140.5G  0 lvm  /
└─sda1                  8:1    0   487M  0 part /boot
$

então, certamente ddescreveu algo para a SATAunidade. Mas talvez mkisofsdeva ser usado antes de dd ?

boot
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2021-02-09 14:34:57 +0800 CST
  • 0

Como começo calibrea partir do bashconsole?

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ com.calibre_ebook.calibre
com.calibre_ebook.calibre: command not found
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ calibre

Command 'calibre' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install calibre

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ flatpak list
Name                                         Application ID                            Version        Branch      Installation
Calibre                                      com.calibre_ebook.calibre                 5.4.2          stable      system
Freedesktop Platform                         org.freedesktop.Platform                  20.08.1.2      20.08       system
default                                      org.freedesktop.Platform.GL.default                      19.08       system
default                                      org.freedesktop.Platform.GL.default                      20.08       system
Intel                                        org.freedesktop.Platform.VAAPI.Intel                     19.08       system
Intel                                        org.freedesktop.Platform.VAAPI.Intel                     20.08       system
openh264                                     org.freedesktop.Platform.openh264         2.1.0          2.0         system
FeedReader                                   org.gnome.FeedReader                      2.11.0         stable      system
GNOME Application Platform version 3.36      org.gnome.Platform                                       3.36        system
nicholas@mordor:~$

Aqui, foi calibreinstalado comoflatpak acima.

command-line
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2020-11-15 10:56:54 +0800 CST
  • 0

Aparentemente , purgar e/ou reinstalar mysqle mariadbpode causar conflitos, então tentei:

root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# sudo apt purge mariadb-server mariadb-client mysql-client mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Package 'mysql-client' is not installed, so not removed
Package 'mysql-server' is not installed, so not removed
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  mariadb-client* mariadb-server*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
After this operation, 20.5 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 181581 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mariadb-client (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
Removing mariadb-server (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# rm -rf  /var/lib/mysql
root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# sudo apt install mariadb-client mariadb-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  mariadb-client mariadb-server
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/6252 B of archives.
After this operation, 20.5 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Selecting previously unselected package mariadb-client.
(Reading database ... 181576 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mariadb-client_1%3a10.4.17+maria~focal_all.deb ...
Unpacking mariadb-client (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
Selecting previously unselected package mariadb-server.
Preparing to unpack .../mariadb-server_1%3a10.4.17+maria~focal_all.deb ...
Unpacking mariadb-server (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
Setting up mariadb-client (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
Setting up mariadb-server (1:10.4.17+maria~focal) ...
root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# mariadb
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
root@mordor:~# 
root@mordor:~# systemctl status mariadb.service
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.4.17 database server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
    Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d
             └─migrated-from-my.cnf-settings.conf
     Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sat 2020-11-14 10:43:31 PST; 1h 23min ago
       Docs: man:mysqld(8)
             https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
   Main PID: 90075 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
     Status: "MariaDB server is down"

Nov 14 10:43:29 mordor systemd[1]: Starting MariaDB 10.4.17 database server...
Nov 14 10:43:29 mordor mysqld[90075]: 2020-11-14 10:43:29 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 10.4.17-MariaDB-1:10.4.17+maria~focal-l>
Nov 14 10:43:29 mordor mysqld[90075]: 2020-11-14 10:43:29 0 [Warning] Could not increase number of max_open_files to more than 1638>
Nov 14 10:43:29 mordor mysqld[90075]: 2020-11-14 10:43:29 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 16384  max_connections: 500 (>
Nov 14 10:43:31 mordor systemd[1]: mariadb.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Nov 14 10:43:31 mordor systemd[1]: mariadb.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
Nov 14 10:43:31 mordor systemd[1]: Failed to start MariaDB 10.4.17 database server.
root@mordor:~#

Como eu começo mariadb? Eu posso limpá-lo novamente, mas isso é apenas um loop.

password apt database mariadb sockets
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2020-11-15 01:07:01 +0800 CST
  • 4

Reconhecendo que isso é basicamente um FAQ:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep hold
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mariadb-server : Depends: mariadb-server-10.3 (>= 1:10.3.25-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:2 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 mariadb-server : Depends: mariadb-server-10.3 (>= 1:10.3.25-0ubuntu0.20.04.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
nicholas@mordor:~$

mas como faço para descobrir o que está preso ou quebrado?

também:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo apt-get install -f
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
nicholas@mordor:~$

fontes:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd64 (20200423)]/ focal main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner

deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse

# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.
nicholas@mordor:~$

Política:

nicholas@mordor:~$ 
nicholas@mordor:~$ apt policy
Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-security,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin security.ubuntu.com
 100 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-backports,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 100 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-backports,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal-updates,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
 500 http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=Ubuntu,a=focal,n=focal,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ca.archive.ubuntu.com
Pinned packages:
nicholas@mordor:~$
package-management administration log apt held-packages
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2020-09-07 19:42:38 +0800 CST
  • 2

Dado que Jitsinão será instalado bem de aptcomo o cliente de desktop está instalado atualmente ?

Há menção acima de usar o repositório instável.

Estas direções não funcionarão para pelo menos uma outra:

Jitsi
Download
Development
Documentation
    Support and Custom Development

Para usar nosso repositório estável debian/ubuntu:

instale a chave do repositório Jitsi em seu sistema

wget -qO - https://download.jitsi.org/jitsi-key.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -

crie o arquivo sources.list.d com o repositório

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list"

atualize sua lista de pacotes

sudo apt-get -y update

instale o Jitsi

sudo apt-get -y install jitsi

Adicionando os dois repositórios:

nicholas $ 
nicholas $  wget -qO - https://download.jitsi.org/jitsi-key.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
OK
nicholas $ 
nicholas $  sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list"
nicholas $ 
nicholas $  sudo sh -c "echo 'deb https://download.jitsi.org unstable/' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-unstable.list"
nicholas $

comentando o repositório estável e atualizando:

nicholas $ 
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-stable.list 
#deb https://download.jitsi.org stable/
nicholas $ 
nicholas $ sudo apt update
Hit:1 https://download.jitsi.org unstable/ InRelease
Hit:2 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal InRelease                  
Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-updates InRelease
Hit:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security InRelease
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-backports InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
214 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
nicholas $

e tentando instalar:

nicholas $ 
nicholas $ sudo apt install jitsi
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 jitsi : Depends: libavformat57 but it is not installable or
                  libavformat-ffmpeg56 but it is not installable
         Depends: libavcodec57 but it is not installable or
                  libavcodec-extra57 but it is not installable or
                  libavcodec-ffmpeg56 but it is not installable or
                  libavcodec-ffmpeg-extra56 but it is not installable
         Depends: libavfilter6 but it is not installable or
                  libavfilter-extra6 but it is not installable or
                  libavfilter-ffmpeg5 but it is not installable
         Depends: libavutil55 but it is not installable or
                  libavutil-ffmpeg54 but it is not installable
         Depends: libswscale4 but it is not installable or
                  libswscale-ffmpeg3 but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
nicholas $

que então tem dependências não atendidas . Ah, o repositório instável:

nicholas $ 
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/jitsi-unstable.list 
deb https://download.jitsi.org unstable/
nicholas $

https://desktop.jitsi.org/Main/DebianRepository.html

Both `universe` and `multiverse` are enabled as:

nicholas $ 
nicholas $ 
nicholas $ sudo add-apt-repository universe
'universe' distribution component is already enabled for all sources.
nicholas $ 
nicholas $ sudo add-apt-repository multiverse
'multiverse' distribution component is already enabled for all sources.
nicholas $ 
nicholas $ cat /etc/apt/sources.list


#deb http://ag-projects.com/ubuntu focal main 

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner

#deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 20.04 LTS _Focal Fossa_ - Release amd64 (20200423)]/ focal main restricted

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
# newer versions of the distribution.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted

## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
## distribution.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu
## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any
## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal universe
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates universe

## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu 
## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to 
## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in 
## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu
## security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal multiverse
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates multiverse

## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as
## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
#deb http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ca.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's
## 'partner' repository.
## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the
## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.
# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner
# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu focal partner

#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security main restricted
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security universe
#deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal-security multiverse

# This system was installed using small removable media
# (e.g. netinst, live or single CD). The matching "deb cdrom"
# entries were disabled at the end of the installation process.
# For information about how to configure apt package sources,
# see the sources.list(5) manual.
nicholas $
software-installation apt voip sip asterisk
Martin Hope
Nicholas Saunders
Asked: 2020-09-05 19:41:15 +0800 CST
  • 0

Qual é a distinção entre:

sudo su -

e

su -i

e onde um seria preferido sobre o outro?

   -, -l, --login
          Start the shell as a login shell with an environment similar to a real login:

             o      clears all the environment variables except TERM and variables specified by --whitelist-environment

             o      initializes the environment variables HOME, SHELL, USER, LOGNAME, and PATH

             o      changes to the target user's home directory

             o      sets argv[0] of the shell to '-' in order to make the shell a login shell

e

   su - run a command with substitute user and group ID

trechos da man supágina.

command-line bash root sudo users