问题[qt](unix)

使用 Fedora 35：我想运行几个不同的软件包，它们共享一个依赖项，似乎是 Qt。

在 shell 中，我得到了来自 Cadence 和其他软件的响应：

      ImportError: /lib64/libQt5Core.so.5: version `Qt_5_PRIVATE_API' not found (required by /usr/local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/PyQt5-5.15.6-py3.10-linux-x86_64.egg/PyQt5/QtCore.abi3.so)

ldconfig -p | grep "libQt5Core.so.5"得到我

    libQt5Core.so.5 (libc6,x86-64, OS ABI: Linux 3.17.0) => /lib64/libQt5Core.so.5

如果我删除/lib64/libQt5Core.so.5我得到

     ImportError: libQt5Core.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

重新安装python3-pyqt5-sip或其他 qt，lib或python依赖项似乎没有帮助。

所以，libQt5Core.so.5被系统找到了，但它不起作用。虽然其他使用 Fedora 35 的人没有这个问题。我怎样才能向 Pathon 提供所需的Qt_5_PRIVATE_API？

我正在使用独立的平铺窗口管理器 QTile。在 QTile 中，我想组织我的 GTK 和 QT 主题。对于 GTK 主题，我使用了一个名为“lzappearance”的程序，它运行良好。但是，对于 Qt，我使用了一个名为“qt5ct”的程序。顶部写着此应用程序配置不正确，当我单击信息按钮时，它显示：未设置 QT_QPA_PLATFORMTHEME 环境变量（必需值：qt5ct）。请帮助并指导我如何设置 qt5ct 和环境变量。

我能够下载 qt3 yum 包

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/qt3-devel-3.3.8b-51.el7.x86_64.rpm 

但是安装时缺少一些依赖项

 Error:
 Problem: conflicting requests
 - nothing provides qt3 = 3.3.8b-51.el7 needed by qt3-devel-3.3.8b-51.el7.x86_64
 - nothing provides libmng.so.1()(64bit) needed by qt3-devel-3.3.8b-51.el7.x86_64
 - nothing provides libqt-mt.so.3()(64bit) needed by qt3-devel-3.3.8b-51.el7.x86_64
 - nothing provides libqui.so.1()(64bit) needed by qt3-devel-3.3.8b-51.el7.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

我需要 qt3 来编译旧软件，但我无法使用远程 yum 存储库安装它：

sudo yum install qt3 qt3-devel qt3-qtbase-devel

作为：

No match for argument: qt3
No match for argument: qt3-devel
No match for argument: qt3-qtbase-devel
Error: Unable to find a match: qt3 qt3-devel qt3-qtbase-devel

尝试安装 qt 会改为发送回 qt5

所以，我有一个 .py 文件：

from PyQt4.QtGui  import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *

当我执行它时 - 我有这个错误消息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "kek.py", line 1, in <module>
    from PyQt4.QtGui  import *
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PyQt4.sip'

我尝试安装sip本身，我安装了Qt4，PyQt4并且它不起作用。帮帮我，伙计们

我真的不知道如何在 Fedora 30 中安装 qt5。

我需要使用 paraview 抱怨一些缺少的软件：

$ ./paraview
./paraview: /home/jimmy/Scaricati/ParaView-5.7.0-RC2-MPI-Linux-Python3.7-64bit/bin/../lib/libQt5Core.so.5: version `Qt_5.12' not found (required by /usr/lib64/libQt5Network.so.5)
./paraview: /home/jimmy/Scaricati/ParaView-5.7.0-RC2-MPI-Linux-Python3.7-64bit/bin/../lib/libQt5Core.so.5: version `Qt_5.12.4_PRIVATE_API' not found (required by /usr/lib64/libQt5Network.so.5)

我正在使用 Fedora 30。

我已经qt, qt-devel, qt5, qt5-devel从分发仓库安装了。我还应该做什么？

从 17.10 执行 dist 升级到 18.04 后，texstudio 不再运行。我收到以下错误

This application failed to start because it could not find or load the Qt platform plugin "xcb"
in "".

Available platform plugins are: eglfs, linuxfb, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, xcb.

Reinstalling the application may fix this problem.
Aborted (core dumped)

我怀疑问题出在 texstudio 配置上，因为错误第一行末尾的路径是“”。

如果我跑ldd /usr/bin/texstudio我得到

linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffc1f53d000)
    libX11.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 (0x00007f64914f2000)
    libquazip5.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libquazip5.so.1 (0x00007f64912c4000)
    libz.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0x00007f64910a7000)
    libhunspell-1.6.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libhunspell-1.6.so.0 (0x00007f6490e38000)
    libpoppler-qt5.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpoppler-qt5.so.1 (0x00007f6490bbf000)
    libQt5PrintSupport.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5PrintSupport.so.5 (0x00007f6490950000)
    libQt5Widgets.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Widgets.so.5 (0x00007f6490109000)
    libQt5Gui.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Gui.so.5 (0x00007f648f9a0000)
    libQt5Network.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Network.so.5 (0x00007f648f614000)
    libQt5Xml.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Xml.so.5 (0x00007f648f3d8000)
    libQt5Script.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Script.so.5 (0x00007f648ef42000)
    libQt5Core.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libQt5Core.so.5 (0x00007f648e7f7000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f648e5d8000)
    libstdc++.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 (0x00007f648e24f000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x00007f648deb1000)
    libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x00007f648dc99000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007f648d8a8000)
    libxcb.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libxcb.so.1 (0x00007f648d680000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f648d47c000)
    libpoppler.so.73 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpoppler.so.73 (0x00007f648cfe8000)
    libGL.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGL.so.1 (0x00007f648cd5c000)
    libpng16.so.16 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng16.so.16 (0x00007f648cb2a000)
    libharfbuzz.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libharfbuzz.so.0 (0x00007f648c88c000)
    libicui18n.so.60 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicui18n.so.60 (0x00007f648c3eb000)
    libicuuc.so.60 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicuuc.so.60 (0x00007f648c034000)
    libdouble-conversion.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdouble-conversion.so.1 (0x00007f648be23000)
    libglib-2.0.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x00007f648bb0d000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f6492612000)
    libXau.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXau.so.6 (0x00007f648b909000)
    libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x00007f648b703000)
    libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfreetype.so.6 (0x00007f648b44f000)
    libfontconfig.so.1 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x00007f648b20a000)
    libjpeg.so.8 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so.8 (0x00007f648afa2000)
    libnss3.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss3.so (0x00007f648ac5e000)
    libsmime3.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libsmime3.so (0x00007f648aa32000)
    libnspr4.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnspr4.so (0x00007f648a7f5000)
    liblcms2.so.2 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblcms2.so.2 (0x00007f648a59d000)
    libtiff.so.5 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so.5 (0x00007f648a326000)
    libGLX.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLX.so.0 (0x00007f648a0f5000)
    libGLdispatch.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLdispatch.so.0 (0x00007f6489e3f000)
    libgraphite2.so.3 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgraphite2.so.3 (0x00007f6489c12000)
    libicudata.so.60 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libicudata.so.60 (0x00007f6488069000)
    libpcre.so.3 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpcre.so.3 (0x00007f6487df7000)
    libbsd.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libbsd.so.0 (0x00007f6487be2000)
    libexpat.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libexpat.so.1 (0x00007f64879b0000)
    libnssutil3.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnssutil3.so (0x00007f6487781000)
    libplc4.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libplc4.so (0x00007f648757c000)
    libplds4.so => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libplds4.so (0x00007f6487378000)
    librt.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/librt.so.1 (0x00007f6487170000)
    liblzma.so.5 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/liblzma.so.5 (0x00007f6486f4a000)
    libjbig.so.0 => /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjbig.so.0 (0x00007f6486d3c000)

如果我跑qtchooser -print-env我得到

qtchooser -print-env
QT_SELECT="default"
QTTOOLDIR="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt4/bin"
QTLIBDIR="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu"

而内容/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qtchooser是

lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     50 Dec 22  2017 4.conf -> ../../../share/qtchooser/qt4-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     50 Dec 22  2017 5.conf -> ../../../share/qtchooser/qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     50 Dec 22  2017 qt4.conf -> ../../../share/qtchooser/qt4-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root     50 Dec 22  2017 qt5.conf -> ../../../share/qtchooser/qt5-x86_64-linux-gnu.conf

所以看起来 qt 默认为 qt4 但 texstudio 需要 qt5。所以我 ln -s qt5.conf default.conf在 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qtchooser 中运行，现在qtchooser -print-env打印

QT_SELECT="default"
QTTOOLDIR="/usr/lib/qt5/bin"
QTLIBDIR="/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu"

但是，这不能解决问题。Texstudio 仍然无法启动并打印相同的错误消息

我在 Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS x64 上，我需要将我的 Qt 5 安装从 v5.9.5 更新到 v5.10.0，但是当我发出命令时

sudo apt-get install qt5-default

它给了我

qt5-default is already at the latest versione (5.9.5+dfsg-0ubuntu1).

但显然这不是真的。我也试过运行：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt dist-upgrade

之前，但没有成功。

这些命令有什么问题？我只需要安装没有 UI 的核心库（例如 qtcreator）。

我设法从 Okular 中删除了工具栏和菜单栏。在我发现无法从“外部”重新激活它们之后——因为我不能再点击选项——我试图在使用apt-get remove --purge okular. 但是，它不起作用，工具栏和菜单栏仍然不可用。我还在主目录中查找了任何配置文件，但没有成功。我现在应该如何进行才能恢复干净的 Okular。

我试图找到.desktopqtcreator 的文件，所以我写了这个：

$ for p in ${XDG_DATA_DIRS//:/ }; do
    grep -rni 'qtcreator' $p;
done

这是最相关的行：

/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator-plugin-ubuntu:ubuntusdk.desktop:2:X-AppInstall-Package=qtcreator-plugin-ubuntu
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator-plugin-ubuntu:ubuntusdk.desktop:6:Exec=qtcreator %F
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator-plugin-ubuntu:ubuntusdk.desktop:7:Icon=ubuntu-qtcreator
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator:qtcreator.desktop:2:X-AppInstall-Package=qtcreator
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator:qtcreator.desktop:6:Exec=qtcreator %F
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qtcreator:qtcreator.desktop:7:Icon=QtProject-qtcreator
/usr/share/app-install/desktop/qhimdtransfer:qhimdtransfer.desktop:12:#Icon=qtcreator_logo_32

我认为这qtcreator:qtcreator.desktop是 QtCreator 的桌面条目，所以我打开它并找出：

[Desktop Entry]
X-AppInstall-Package=qtcreator
X-AppInstall-Popcon=292
X-AppInstall-Section=universe

Exec=qtcreator %F
Icon=QtProject-qtcreator
Type=Application
Terminal=false
Name=Qt Creator
GenericName=Integrated Development Environment
MimeType=text/x-c++src;text/x-c++hdr;text/x-xsrc;application/x-designer;application/vnd.nokia.qt.qmakeprofile;application/vnd.nokia.xml.qt.resource;
Categories=Qt;Development;IDE;
InitialPreference=9

X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=app-install-data

qtcreator 不在 shell 的变量 $PATH 中。但我仍然可以在 gnome unity 中启动 QtCreator。

从我注意到的freedesktop-exec-variables

如果未提供完整路径，则在桌面环境使用的 $PATH 环境变量中查找可执行文件。

问题

桌面环境的 $PATH 环境变量与 shell 不同吗？

如果是这样，包含桌面环境的 $PATH 变量的配置文件在哪里？

qtcreator:qtcreator.desktop我安装了较新版本的 QtCreator，然后在桌面中启动 QtCreator，并在不更改文件的情况下找出它对较新版本的引用。我认为与qt的路径有关吗？

桌面环境：gnome

操作系统：ubuntu16.04

编辑

我遇到的实际问题与 $PATH 无关（请参阅我的回答）。Gilles 的答案实际上是“桌面环境的 $PATH 环境变量与 shell 中的环境变量是否不同？”的答案。所以我接受了它，以防有人和我有同样的疑问。

我正在使用 Fedora 28。我正在尝试运行此代码

from PyQt5.QtCore import QCoreApplication, QUrl
from PyQt5.QtMultimedia import QMediaContent, QMediaPlayer
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication
import sys
import os


def handle_state_change(state):
    if state == QMediaPlayer.LoadingMedia:
        print('loading')
    if state == QMediaPlayer.LoadedMedia:
        print('loading finished')
        player.play()
    if state == QMediaPlayer.EndOfMedia:
        print('playing finished')
        QCoreApplication.quit()


app = QApplication(sys.argv)

url = QUrl.fromLocalFile(os.path.abspath('./redalert.mp3'))

content = QMediaContent(url)
player = QMediaPlayer()
player.mediaStatusChanged.connect(handle_state_change)
player.setVolume(50)
player.setMedia(content)

app.exec()

但是，它会引发此错误

Got keys from plugin meta data ("gstreamermediaplayer")
QFactoryLoader::QFactoryLoader() checking directory path "/home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/bin/mediaservice" ...
Cannot load library /home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyQt5/Qt/plugins/mediaservice/libgstmediaplayer.so: (/lib64/libQt5MultimediaGstTools.so.5: version `Qt_5_PRIVATE_API' not found (required by /home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyQt5/Qt/plugins/mediaservice/libgstmediaplayer.so))
QLibraryPrivate::loadPlugin failed on "/home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyQt5/Qt/plugins/mediaservice/libgstmediaplayer.so" : "Cannot load library /home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyQt5/Qt/plugins/mediaservice/libgstmediaplayer.so: (/lib64/libQt5MultimediaGstTools.so.5: version `Qt_5_PRIVATE_API' not found (required by /home/ziggs/PycharmProjects/mozart/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/PyQt5/Qt/plugins/mediaservice/libgstmediaplayer.so))"
defaultServiceProvider::requestService(): no service found for - "org.qt-project.qt.mediaplayer"

我已经用谷歌搜索了错误并尝试安装相关插件

dnf list qt5-qtmultimedia gstreamer-plugins-ugly
Letzte Prüfung auf abgelaufene Metadaten: vor 0:45:12 am Mo 18 Jun 2018 21:42:00 CEST.
Installierte Pakete
gstreamer-plugins-ugly.x86_64                              0.10.19-27.fc28                               @rpmfusion-free
qt5-qtmultimedia.x86_64                                    5.10.1-1.fc28                                 @anaconda      
Verfügbare Pakete
gstreamer-plugins-ugly.i686                                0.10.19-27.fc28                               rpmfusion-free 
qt5-qtmultimedia.i686                                      5.10.1-1.fc28                                 fedora