问题[python3](unix)

为了恢复，我尝试了，apt autoremove尝试重新安装python3，，使用和，尝试从中删除python文件。这些都不起作用。每次我都收到相同的消息：libpython3-stdliblibpython3-minimalaptdpkg/var/lib/dpkg/info

    Setting up python3 (3.12.6-1) ...
    running python rtupdate hooks for python3.12...
    running python post-rtupdate hooks for python3.12...
    Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
    Python path configuration:
      PYTHONHOME = (not set)
      PYTHONPATH = (not set)
      program name = '/usr/bin/python3'
      isolated = 0
      environment = 1
      user site = 1
      safe_path = 0
      import site = 1
      is in build tree = 0
      stdlib dir = '/usr/lib/python3.12'
      sys._base_executable = '/usr/bin/python3'
      sys.base_prefix = '/usr'
      sys.base_exec_prefix = '/usr'
      sys.platlibdir = 'lib'
      sys.executable = '/usr/bin/python3'
      sys.prefix = '/usr'
      sys.exec_prefix = '/usr'
      sys.path = [
        '/usr/lib/python312.zip',
        '/usr/lib/python3.12',
        '/usr/lib/python3.12/lib-dynload',
      ]
    Fatal Python error: init_fs_encoding: failed to get the Python codec of the filesystem encoding
    Python runtime state: core initialized
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'

    Current thread 0x00007fcbf087c080 (most recent call first):
      <no Python frame>
    dpkg: error processing package python3 (--configure):
     installed python3 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
    Errors were encountered while processing:
     python3
    E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

操作系统：kali-rolling

我有一个看起来像这样的文件，是用 Python 计算的：

1.00000100e+07  
1.00000000e+04  
1.11000111e+08  
1.11000000e+05

现在，我想获得这样的东西：

010000010  
000010000  
111000111  
000111000  

这个想法是我想添加零以获得 9 位的固定格式。我编写的 Python 代码给了我二进制数，但为了进一步解码，我需要这些二进制数有 9 位。我试图从 Python 以所需的格式获取它们，但我无法做到这一点。

我希望我的解释清楚。

更新：
Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python3  

import numpy as np  
from numpy import genfromtxt  
import os  

day = os.environ.get('day')  
Array = genfromtxt("SUC_diffzeros_"+str(day)+".csv")  
final = np.zeros(len(Array))
    
def decimaltobinary(x):

    for i in range(len(x)):
        
        print(x[i])
        final[i] = "{0:09b}".format(x[i])
        print(final)
    var = np.column_stack([Array, final])
    np.savetxt("SUC_diffzeros_"+str(day)+".csv", var, fmt='%.8e')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    val = Array.astype(int)
    decimaltobinary(val)

在 RHEL 8.3 系统上，我安装了两个 python3 版本，当我列出替代版本时，它们显示为版本：

$ alternatives --display python3

/usr/bin/python3.6 - priority 1000000
 slave easy_install-3: /usr/bin/easy_install-3.6
 slave pip-3: /usr/bin/pip-3.6
 slave pip3: /usr/bin/pip3.6
 slave pydoc-3: /usr/bin/pydoc3.6
 slave pydoc3: /usr/bin/pydoc3.6
 slave pyvenv-3: /usr/bin/pyvenv-3.6
 slave python3-man: /usr/share/man/man1/python3.6.1.gz
/usr/bin/python3.9 - priority 3900
 slave easy_install-3: /usr/bin/easy_install-3.9
 slave pip-3: /usr/bin/pip-3.9
 slave pip3: /usr/bin/pip3.9
 slave pydoc-3: /usr/bin/pydoc3.9
 slave pydoc3: /usr/bin/pydoc3.9
 slave pyvenv-3: (null)
 slave python3-man: /usr/share/man/man1/python3.9.1.gz
Current `best' version is /usr/bin/python3.6.

如何使用该alternatives命令选择已列出的已python3.9使用版本？python3.9（即，当我在命令行上键入时，我想在系统范围内执行python3）。

注意：我知道我可以添加一个新版本alternatives --install（然后使其成为具有高优先级的最佳版本），但我如何选择已列出的版本作为最佳（和使用）版本？

代码运行正常，尽管我需要将其减少到只有两个小数点，例如 38374.96 而不是 38374.967777777

#!/usr/bin/python3 
amount = float(input("Enter a starting value: "))

result = {}

# looping for 10 times
for i in range(1,11):
    
    # updating amount
    amount = amount * 1.01

    # updating result
    result[str(i) + " years"] = amount

# printing result
print(result)

我正在使用 python3.9 附带的 Debian 11。但是我不需要，我需要python3.7。所以，我安装了 pythonn3.7.9 并更新了替代品。

问题是当我将 python 版本切换到 3.7.9 时，我无法使用 pip 安装任何东西。pip install我在命令中收到以下错误：

sudo pip3 install requests
[sudo] password for deby: 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 10, in <module>
    from importlib.metadata import distribution
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'importlib.metadata'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 13, in <module>
    from importlib_metadata import distribution
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'importlib_metadata'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 584, in _build_master
    ws.require(__requires__)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 901, in require
    needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 792, in resolve
    raise VersionConflict(dist, req).with_context(dependent_req)
pkg_resources.VersionConflict: (pip 20.1.1 (/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages), Requirement.parse('pip==20.3.4'))

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 15, in <module>
    from pkg_resources import load_entry_point
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3261, in <module>
    @_call_aside
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3245, in _call_aside
    f(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 3274, in _initialize_master_working_set
    working_set = WorkingSet._build_master()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 586, in _build_master
    return cls._build_from_requirements(__requires__)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 599, in _build_from_requirements
    dists = ws.resolve(reqs, Environment())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 787, in resolve
    raise DistributionNotFound(req, requirers)
pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: The 'pip==20.3.4' distribution was not found and is required by the application

但是当我切换回 Python3.9 时，Pip 就可以工作了。我不知道如何解决这个问题。我在谷歌上查了一下，但找不到任何人遇到类似问题的问题。

所以，我有一个 .py 文件：

from PyQt4.QtGui  import *
from PyQt4.QtCore import *

当我执行它时 - 我有这个错误消息：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "kek.py", line 1, in <module>
    from PyQt4.QtGui  import *
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'PyQt4.sip'

我尝试安装sip本身，我安装了Qt4，PyQt4并且它不起作用。帮帮我，伙计们

我正在尝试安装 virtualenv 但在 ubuntu bionic 上出现以下错误

rock64@rockpro64:~$ pip3 install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 29, in <module>
    from pip.utils import get_installed_distributions, get_prog
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    from pip.locations import (
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/locations.py", line 9, in <module>
    from distutils import sysconfig
ImportError: cannot import name 'sysconfig

' 但是如果我尝试安装 distutils 我会得到不同的错误：

rock64@rockpro64:~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python3-distutils python3-lib2to3
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python3-distutils python3-lib2to3
0 upgraded, 2 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
2 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/222 kB of archives.
After this operation, 3,143 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 120131 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../python3-lib2to3_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-lib2to3 (3.6.9-1~18.04) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-lib2to3_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib2to3/Grammar.txt', which is also in package python3.8-lib2to3 3.8.0-1+bionic2
Preparing to unpack .../python3-distutils_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb ...
Unpacking python3-distutils (3.6.9-1~18.04) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-distutils_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/python3.8/distutils/README', which is also in package python3.8-distutils 3.8.0-1+bionic2
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-lib2to3_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb
 /var/cache/apt/archives/python3-distutils_3.6.9-1~18.04_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

请问这里有什么问题？我尝试安装https://automatetheboringstuff.com/chapter18/

sudo pip3 install --user python3-xlib
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'
Error in sys.excepthook:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/apport_python_hook.py", line 145, in apport_excepthook
    os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL, 0o640), 'wb') as f:
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/var/crash/_usr_bin_pip3.0.crash'

Original exception was:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module>
    from pip import main
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'

使用 pip3 安装另一个程序会导致错误：

pip3 install python3-tk
Collecting python3-tk
  ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement python3-tk (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for python3-tk

好的，我不确定这是否是发布此类问题的正确位置，所以如果不是，请告诉我在哪里更合适。

我的问题：我刚从 Ubuntu 19.04 迁移到 Manjaro 18。我有一些图形化的 python 3 程序过去在 Ubuntu 上运行得很好，但是现在，我无法运行到 Manjaro。主要问题是我无法使用 Anaconda 发行版安装Mayavi 。我试过了

pip install mayavi

我得到：

Command "/home/us/anaconda3/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-install-7noyncgf/traits/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('\r\n', '\n');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-record-p80x70yv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile" failed with error code 1 in /tmp/pip-install-7noyncgf/traits/

我能做些什么来解决这个问题吗？

为 Python 安装 virtualenv 的正确方法是什么？我应该做sudo apt-get install python3-virtualenv还是pip3 install virtualenv？我正在使用 Ubuntu 19.04。