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Accepted
learninglinux12345
Asked: 2024-12-24 10:59:14 +0800 CST

使用 sed 在文件中的字符串后添加一行

  • 772

我想在文件中查找一个字符串：

例子

https://google.com/first/second/45683

我想重写它并保留原来的行：

https://google.com/first/second/45683
https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683

我尝试过几次

sed -r 's@https://google.com/first/second/([a-Z0-9]+)@yahoo.com/third/fourth/\1@' 文件.txt

输出：

yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683

它进行了重写，但没有保留原始行。

另一次尝试

sed -r 'a\s@https://google.com/first/second/([a-Z0-9]+)@yahoo.com/third/fourth/\1@' 文件.txt

输出：

https://google.com/first/second/45683
https://google.com/first/second/([a-Z0-9]+)@yahoo.com/third/fourth/1@

它附加两行但不会重写第二行。

sed

5 个回答

  1. sed在使用命令修改匹配行之前，您需要先打印出匹配的行s//。如下所示：

    sed -E '
  \@https://google.com/first/second/[a-zA-Z0-9]+@ {
    p
    s@https://google.com/first/second/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)@https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/\1@
  }
' < data.txt

    或者更短一点，

    sed -E '
  \@https://google.com/first/second/([a-zA-Z0-9]+)@ {
    p
    s@@https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/\1@
  }
' < data.txt

    这表示“对于与表达式匹配的行https://google.com/first/second/[a-zA-Z0-9]+，首先打印出该行，然后使用给定的s//表达式进行修改”。修改后的行会被打印出来，因为这是 的默认行为sed。

    • 4

  2. 保持简单（愚蠢）：

    $ sed -r 's@https://google.com/first/second/([a-Z0-9]+)@&\nyahoo.com/third/fourth/\1@' file
https://google.com/first/second/45683
yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683

    快捷方式&是整个左匹配部分。

    • 2
  3. Best Answer

    看起来像这样：

    echo "https://google.com/first/second/45683" \
| sed 's@https://\(.*\)/\(.*\)/\(.*\)@https://\1/\2/\3\nhttps://yahoo.com/third/fourth/\3@g'

    我得到：

    https://google.com/first/second/45683
https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683

    享受。

    • 0

  4. 使用 GNU awk 将第三个参数设置为match()：

    $ awk '
    { print }
    match($0, "^(https://)google[.]com/first/second/([[:alnum:]]+)", a) {
        print a[1] "yahoo.com/third/fourth/" a[2]
    }
' file
https://google.com/first/second/45683
https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683
    • 0

  5. 你尝试过这个吗？

    sed -i '/https:\/\/google\.com\/first\/second\/45683/a https://yahoo.com/third/fourth/45683' $YOUR_FILE_PATH

    通过转义正斜杠来提高清晰度：

    sed -i '/https:\/\/google\.com\/first\/second\/45683/a https:\/\/yahoo\.com\/third\/fourth\/45683' $YOUR_FILE_PATH

    希望这有帮助！

    • 0

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