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FGarbuzov
Asked: 2021-11-27 05:12:22 +0800 CST

在 Chrome、Kubuntu 20.04 中启用硬件视频加速

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简而言之：无法在 Chrome 中启用硬件视频加速。我的台式机集成了 GPU Intel UHD 750 和 Core i5 11600，它运行 Kubuntu 20.04。

最初，我根本没有硬件加速，所以即使是 VLC 播放视频也没有加速，尽管我已经intel-media-va-driver-non-free安装了。的输出vainfo是

libva info: VA-API version 1.7.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_7
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 1
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/i965_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_6
libva info: va_openDriver() returns -1

我搜索了解决方案，但没有找到有同样问题的人。我决定就相关问题遵循一些建议。首先，我将内核从 5.11 更新到 5.15，但这并没有帮助。然后我添加了一个 repo 来安装英特尔驱动程序的 21.xx 版本，如此处评论中所建议的：https ://githubmemory.com/repo/HaveAGitGat/Tdarr/issues/452 。在升级了一些软件包并安装了一些保留的软件包后，我得到了视频加速。的当前输出vainfo为

libva info: VA-API version 1.12.0
libva info: Trying to open /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/iHD_drv_video.so
libva info: Found init function __vaDriverInit_1_12
libva info: va_openDriver() returns 0
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.12 (libva 2.12.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 21.3.3 (6fdf88c)
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
      VAProfileNone                   : VAEntrypointVideoProc
      VAProfileNone                   : VAEntrypointStats

等等。

下一步是在 Chrome 中启用硬件加速。我按照这里的说明https://www.linuxupprising.com/2021/01/how-to-enable-hardware-accelerated.html但没有帮助。该chrome://gpu选项卡显示以下内容

图形功能状态

  • 帆布：仅限软件。禁用硬件加速
  • 画布进程外光栅化：已禁用
  • 合成：仅限软件。禁用硬件加速
  • 多个光栅线程：禁用
  • 进程外光栅化：禁用
  • OpenGL：已禁用
  • 光栅化：仅限软件。禁用硬件加速
  • 原始绘图：已禁用
  • Skia 渲染器：已启用
  • 视频解码：仅限软件。禁用硬件加速
  • Vulkan：已禁用
  • WebGL：已禁用
  • WebGL2：已禁用

检测到的问题

  • 已通过阻止列表、about:flags 或命令行禁用加速视频解码。
    禁用功能：video_decode
  • Gpu 合成已通过阻止列表、about:flags 或命令行禁用。浏览器将退回到软件合成，硬件加速将不可用。
    禁用功能：gpu_compositing
  • GPU 进程无法启动：GPU 进程使用 SwiftShader 崩溃太多次。
    禁用功能：所有
    ...

我还尝试在 Firefox 中启用视频加速，但失败了。此外，我安装了 Chromium，chrome://gpu现在显示几乎所有功能都已启用，但视频加速未启用。

请帮忙！

video chrome

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    免责声明

    您可能不会在基于 Chrome 的浏览器中真正获得硬件加速。但我们不要投降：有些事情还是可以做的。

    我与您的设置的区别是：

    • 环境：ArchLinux+XOrg+KDE
    • GPU：（TigerLake-LP GT2 [Iris Xe Graphics]来自lspci）。
    • 内核：5.15.7-zen1-1-zen

    我想配方应该是一样的。

    需要的包

    我有这些（名称可能与 Ubuntu 不同）：

    • 台面
    • xf86-视频-英特尔
    • 图书馆
    • libva 英特尔驱动程序
    • libva 台面驱动程序
    • libva-vdpau-驱动程序
    • 台面-vdpau
    • 英特尔-gmmlib
    • 英特尔媒体驱动程序

    您可能还需要一些工具来检查：

    • libva-utils
    • vdpauinfo
    • 英特尔 GPU 工具

    浏览器设置

    我设置它们chrome://flags，然后重新启动浏览器。这也适用于 Chromium，而 Vivaldi 内部 URL 位于vivaldi://前缀上。

    • 覆盖软件渲染列表
    • GPU 光栅化
    • 零拷贝光栅化器
    • 使显示合成器能够使用新的 gpu 线程
    • 加速的 2D 画布
    • 进程外 2D 画布光栅化

    浏览器启动

    您需要使用额外的选项重新启动浏览器：

    --enable-features=VaapiVideoDecoder

    您可以编辑您的启动配置文件以添加此配置文件。我的现在看起来像这样：

    /usr/bin/google-chrome-stable --enable-features=VaapiVideoDecoder %U

    检查状态

    这是最好的，恕我直言，你能做到。

    浏览器

    重新启动后，您可以转到内部 URLchrome://gpu并检查。这是我自己的状态：

    Graphics Feature Status
Canvas: Hardware accelerated
Canvas out-of-process rasterization: Enabled
Compositing: Hardware accelerated
Multiple Raster Threads: Enabled
Out-of-process Rasterization: Hardware accelerated
OpenGL: Enabled
Rasterization: Hardware accelerated on all pages
Raw Draw: Disabled
Skia Renderer: Enabled
Video Decode: Hardware accelerated
Vulkan: Disabled
WebGL: Hardware accelerated
WebGL2: Hardware accelerated

    我保留Raw Draw: Disabled是因为它在浏览器中表现不佳。如果您想尝试它，请返回标志并启用“启用原始绘制”标志。

    vainfo

    如果您安装了它，只需运行它。我的工作是这样的：

    [enzo@Feynman ~] vainfo 
vainfo: VA-API version: 1.13 (libva 2.13.0)
vainfo: Driver version: Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 21.4.3 ()
vainfo: Supported profile and entrypoints
      VAProfileNone                   : VAEntrypointVideoProc
      VAProfileNone                   : VAEntrypointStats
      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG2Simple            : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileMPEG2Main              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileMPEG2Main              : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointFEI
      VAProfileH264Main               : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointFEI
      VAProfileH264High               : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVC1Simple              : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Main                : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVC1Advanced            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileJPEGBaseline           : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileJPEGBaseline           : VAEntrypointEncPicture
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointFEI
      VAProfileH264ConstrainedBaseline: VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVP8Version0_3          : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain               : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain               : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileHEVCMain               : VAEntrypointFEI
      VAProfileHEVCMain               : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCMain10             : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain10             : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileHEVCMain10             : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVP9Profile0            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVP9Profile0            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVP9Profile1            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVP9Profile1            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVP9Profile2            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVP9Profile2            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileVP9Profile3            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileVP9Profile3            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCMain12             : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain12             : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileHEVCMain422_10         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain422_10         : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileHEVCMain422_12         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain422_12         : VAEntrypointEncSlice
      VAProfileHEVCMain444            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain444            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCMain444_10         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCMain444_10         : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCMain444_12         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain            : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain10          : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain10          : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain444         : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain444         : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP
      VAProfileAV1Profile0            : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain444_10      : VAEntrypointVLD
      VAProfileHEVCSccMain444_10      : VAEntrypointEncSliceLP

    vdpauinfo

    和上面一样。某处存在导致核心转储的错误。不过，似乎没有人注意到这一点。:-(

    但是，使用MALLOC_CHECK_并没有多大帮助。

    [enzo@Feynman ~] MALLOC_CHECK_=2 vdpauinfo 
display: :0   screen: 0
API version: 1
Information string: OpenGL/VAAPI backend for VDPAU

Video surface:

name   width height types
-------------------------------------------
420     4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 
422     4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 
444     4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 
420_16  4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 
422_16  4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 
444_16  4096  4096  NV12 YV12 UYVY YUYV Y8U8V8A8 V8U8Y8A8 NV24 YV24 P010 P016 Y_U_V_444_16 

Decoder capabilities:

name                        level macbs width height
----------------------------------------------------
MPEG1                          --- not supported ---
MPEG2_SIMPLE                   --- not supported ---
MPEG2_MAIN                     --- not supported ---
H264_BASELINE                  51 16384  2048  2048
H264_MAIN                      51 16384  2048  2048
H264_HIGH                      51 16384  2048  2048
VC1_SIMPLE                     --- not supported ---
VC1_MAIN                       --- not supported ---
VC1_ADVANCED                   --- not supported ---
MPEG4_PART2_SP                 --- not supported ---
MPEG4_PART2_ASP                --- not supported ---
DIVX4_QMOBILE                  --- not supported ---
DIVX4_MOBILE                   --- not supported ---
DIVX4_HOME_THEATER             --- not supported ---
DIVX4_HD_1080P                 --- not supported ---
DIVX5_QMOBILE                  --- not supported ---
DIVX5_MOBILE                   --- not supported ---
DIVX5_HOME_THEATER             --- not supported ---
DIVX5_HD_1080P                 --- not supported ---
H264_CONSTRAINED_BASELINE      51 16384  2048  2048
H264_EXTENDED                  --- not supported ---
H264_PROGRESSIVE_HIGH          --- not supported ---
H264_CONSTRAINED_HIGH          --- not supported ---
H264_HIGH_444_PREDICTIVE       --- not supported ---
VP9_PROFILE_0                  --- not supported ---
VP9_PROFILE_1                  --- not supported ---
VP9_PROFILE_2                  --- not supported ---
VP9_PROFILE_3                  --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN                      --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_10                   --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_STILL                --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_12                   --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_444                  --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_444_10               --- not supported ---
HEVC_MAIN_444_12               --- not supported ---

Output surface:

name              width height nat types
----------------------------------------------------
B8G8R8A8         16384 16384    y  
R8G8B8A8         16384 16384    y  
R10G10B10A2      16384 16384    y  
B10G10R10A2      16384 16384    y  
A8               16384 16384    y  

Bitmap surface:

name              width height
------------------------------
B8G8R8A8         16384 16384
R8G8B8A8         16384 16384
R10G10B10A2      16384 16384
B10G10R10A2      16384 16384
A8               16384 16384

Video mixer:

feature name                    sup
------------------------------------
DEINTERLACE_TEMPORAL             -
DEINTERLACE_TEMPORAL_SPATIAL     -
INVERSE_TELECINE                 -
NOISE_REDUCTION                  -
SHARPNESS                        -
LUMA_KEY                         -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L1        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L2        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L3        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L4        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L5        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L6        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L7        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L8        -
HIGH QUALITY SCALING - L9        -

parameter name                  sup      min      max
-----------------------------------------------------
VIDEO_SURFACE_WIDTH              -
VIDEO_SURFACE_HEIGHT             -
CHROMA_TYPE                      -
LAYERS                           -

attribute name                  sup      min      max
-----------------------------------------------------
BACKGROUND_COLOR                 -
CSC_MATRIX                       -
NOISE_REDUCTION_LEVEL            -
SHARPNESS_LEVEL                  -
LUMA_KEY_MIN_LUMA                -
LUMA_KEY_MAX_LUMA                -


Segmentation fault (core dumped)

    我怀疑某些 VDPAU 库中存在错误，导致此错误以及随后无法使用硬件加速。不过只是猜测。

    真实世界

    现实可能会令人失望地偏离我们的愿望。

    在一个选项卡上播放视频（我使用 Youtube），然后在另一个选项卡上打开chrome://media-internals，选择播放器选项卡。在最近播放器中选择名为 的项目blob:https://www.youtube.com/...。

    在Player 属性中，您可以找到这样的行：

    kVideoDecoderName   "Dav1dVideoDecoder"

    这不是硬件解码器，应该是VDAVideoDecoder。

    在下一个日志区域中，您可以找到一些线索：

    00:00:00.321    info    "Selected FFmpegAudioDecoder for audio decoding, config: codec: opus, profile: unknown, bytes_per_channel: 4, channel_layout: STEREO, channels: 2, samples_per_second: 48000, sample_format: Float 32-bit, bytes_per_frame: 8, seek_preroll: 80000us, codec_delay: 312, has extra data: true, encryption scheme: Unencrypted, discard decoder delay: true, target_output_channel_layout: STEREO, has aac extra data: false"
00:00:00.321    info    "Failed to initialize DecryptingVideoDecoder"
00:00:00.321    info    "Failed to initialize VDAVideoDecoder"
00:00:00.321    info    "Failed to initialize VpxVideoDecoder"
00:00:00.322    info    "Effective playback rate changed from 0 to 1"
00:00:00.322    event   "kPlay"
00:00:00.325    kIsVideoDecryptingDemuxerStream false
00:00:00.325    kVideoDecoderName   "Dav1dVideoDecoder"
00:00:00.325    kIsPlatformVideoDecoder false

    您也可以intel_gpu_top在另一个终端窗口中使用（sudo在 ArchLinux 中需要，不确定 Ubuntu）。

    我有四个可用的“引擎”：“渲染/3D”、“Blitter”、“视频”和“视频增强”。

    During the browser play I can see the first two engines being busy, while "Video" is just idling. The video decoder engine provided by my GPU isn't in use at all!

    It seems like the browser is not able to use hardware accelerated video, despite it thinks it should.

    Let's make a different check.

    VLC

    It looks like VLC can make use of the hardware acceleration. Start it up with the GUI and go to Tools > Preferences > Input & Codecs and choose "Automatic" option under Hardware-accelerated decoding. Then close it and play a test video from command line (to get some diagnostics output).

    [enzo@Feynman ~] vlc ATestVideo.AC3.1080p.x264-WRM.mkv 
VLC media player 3.0.16 Vetinari (revision 3.0.13-8-g41878ff4f2)
[00005597db23e640] main libvlc: Running vlc with the default interface. Use 'cvlc' to use vlc without interface.
[00005597db311900] main audio output error: too low audio sample frequency (0)
[00007ff9e8d2fc00] main decoder error: failed to create audio output
[00005597db311900] vlcpulse audio output error: digital pass-through stream connection failure: Not supported
[00005597db311900] main audio output error: module not functional
[00007ff9e8d2fc00] main decoder error: failed to create audio output
[00007ff9c8005d20] gl gl: Initialized libplacebo v3.120.3 (API v120)
[00007ff9e8c0d6b0] avcodec decoder: Using Intel iHD driver for Intel(R) Gen Graphics - 21.4.3 () for hardware decoding

    In the last two lines is says it is using hardware decoding. As we don't trust the logs, in another terminal window you can run intel_gpu_top and see that the "Video" resource is now being actively used.

    Firefox

    I know this is a little bit beyond the original scope (Chrome), but I think it's worth mentioning it. With Firefox it is possible to see some hardware accelerated video decode in action, thanks to VA-API, both under XOrg and Wayland.

    A guide on ArchLinux' wiki (link below) will guide you (at your own risk) on how to modify a few toggles to enable hardware accelerated video while our usual intel_gpu_top will show whether the GPU is working or not.

    Vimeo, for example, seems to be able to take advantage of this support, while YouTube requires a specific browser extension in order to disable the VP9 video codec.

    Similarly, WebRTC-based applications like Google Meet seem to work, if you also set media.webrtc.platformencoder to true. Mirosoft Teams is not supported under Firefox.

    That same extension exists for Chrome, but it seems it is not as effective as in Firefox.

    Wrap up

    It looks like hardware acceleration for video decoding is kicking and live in Linux.

    This would then point at bugs in the Chromium-based browser(s) more than in the environment.

    Maybe the future will be brighter. But not now.

    References

    Mainly from ArchLinux wiki, but I think those details can be applied to a large number of other distros.

    https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Hardware_video_acceleration https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Chromium#Hardware_video_acceleration https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/VLC_media_player#Hardware_video_acceleration https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/firefox#Hardware_video_acceleration

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