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il mietitore
Asked: 2019-11-06 15:25:26 +0800 CST

如何正确擦除和使用 CD-RW

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有这张 CD-RW，我一直用它来刻录发行版的 CD。突然之间，它就像一张普通的 CD。

当我安装它时，它以这种方式安装：

 - Proprietary: Root
 - Access: Read only
 - Group: Root
 - Access: Read only
 - Other: Read only

我想我可以手动将它安装为读写。这些是结果：

alex@Sargon:~$ sudo mount -o rw '/media/cdrom0'
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

我读到这个“写保护”是写在 CD-RW 上的东西，以防它在刻录时被“最终确定”，但应该可以通过擦除 CD 来消除它。想，如果我尝试这样做 via wodim，就会发生这种情况：

alex@Sargon:~$ wodim --devices
wodim: No such file or directory. 
Cannot open SCSI driver!
For possible targets try 'wodim --devices' or 'wodim -scanbus'.
For possible transport specifiers try 'wodim dev=help'.
For IDE/ATAPI devices configuration, see the file README.ATAPI.setup from
the wodim documentation.

关于如何进行的想法？

编辑 2019 年 11 月 1 日至 6 日

我按照@telcoM 的说明进行操作，得到了一些结果。

我能够安装lsscsi并得到这个输出：

alex@Sargon:~$ lsscsi -g
[0:0:0:0]    disk    ATA      ST500LT012-1DG14 SDM1  /dev/sda   /dev/sg0 
[1:0:0:0]    cd/dvd  HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GUA0N     1.00  /dev/sr0   /dev/sg1

所以wodim能够得到一些结果。在我看来，它将它识别为正确的 CD-RW 光盘：

alex@Sargon:~$ wodim dev=/dev/sg1 --prcap
wodim: Operation not permitted. Warning: Cannot raise RLIMIT_MEMLOCK limits.
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 5
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   : 
Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
Identification : 'DVDRAM GUA0N    '
Revision       : '1.00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.

Drive capabilities, per MMC-3 page 2A:

  Does read CD-R media
  Does write CD-R media
  Does read CD-RW media
  Does write CD-RW media
  Does read DVD-ROM media
  Does read DVD-R media
  Does write DVD-R media
  Does read DVD-RAM media
  Does write DVD-RAM media
  Does support test writing

  Does read Mode 2 Form 1 blocks
  Does read Mode 2 Form 2 blocks
  Does read digital audio blocks
  Does restart non-streamed digital audio reads accurately
  Does support Buffer-Underrun-Free recording
  Does read multi-session CDs
  Does read fixed-packet CD media using Method 2
  Does not read CD bar code
  Does read R-W subcode information
  Does return R-W subcode de-interleaved and error-corrected
  Does read raw P-W subcode data from lead in
  Does return CD media catalog number
  Does return CD ISRC information
  Does support C2 error pointers
  Does not deliver composite A/V data

  Does play audio CDs
  Number of volume control levels: 256
  Does support individual volume control setting for each channel
  Does support independent mute setting for each channel
  Does not support digital output on port 1
  Does not support digital output on port 2

  Loading mechanism type: tray
  Does support ejection of CD via START/STOP command
  Does not lock media on power up via prevent jumper
  Does allow media to be locked in the drive via PREVENT/ALLOW command
  Is currently in a media-locked state
  Does not support changing side of disk
  Does not have load-empty-slot-in-changer feature
  Does not support Individual Disk Present feature

  Maximum read  speed:  4234 kB/s (CD  24x, DVD  3x)
  Current read  speed:  4234 kB/s (CD  24x, DVD  3x)
  Maximum write speed:  1764 kB/s (CD  10x, DVD  1x)
  Current write speed:  1764 kB/s (CD  10x, DVD  1x)
  Rotational control selected: CLV/PCAV
  Buffer size in KB: 512
  Copy management revision supported: 1
  Number of supported write speeds: 1
  Write speed # 0:  1764 kB/s CLV/PCAV (CD  10x, DVD  1x)

Supported CD-RW media types according to MMC-4 feature 0x37:
  Does write multi speed       CD-RW media
  Does write high  speed       CD-RW media
  Does write ultra high speed  CD-RW media
  Does write ultra high speed+ CD-RW media

我仍然不确定此时该做什么。

与此同时，我尝试使用k3b，它也无法擦除磁盘并得到以下输出：

Devices
-----------------------
HL-DT-ST DVDRAM GUA0N 1.00 (/dev/sr0, CD-R, CD-RW, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, DVD-R, DVD-RW, DVD-R DL, DVD+R, DVD+RW, DVD+R DL) [DVD-ROM, DVD-R Sequential, DVD-R Dual Layer Sequential, DVD-R Dual Layer Jump, DVD-RAM, DVD-RW Restricted Overwrite, DVD-RW Sequential, DVD+RW, DVD+R, DVD+R Dual Layer, CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW] [SAO, TAO, RAW, SAO/R96P, SAO/R96R, RAW/R16, RAW/R96P, RAW/R96R, Restricted Overwrite, Layer Jump] [%7]

System
-----------------------
K3b Version: 2.0.3
KDE Version: 4.14.26
QT Version:  4.8.7
Kernel:      4.9.0-11-amd64

Used versions
-----------------------
cdrecord: 1.1.11

cdrecord
-----------------------
scsidev: '/dev/sr0'
devname: '/dev/sr0'
scsibus: -2 target: -2 lun: -2
Linux sg driver version: 3.5.27
Wodim version: 1.1.11
SCSI buffer size: 64512
Beginning DMA speed test. Set CDR_NODMATEST environment variable if device
communication breaks or freezes immediately after that.
TOC Type: 1 = CD-ROM
Driveropts: 'burnfree'
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 5
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   : 
Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
Identification : 'DVDRAM GUA0N    '
Revision       : '1.00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
Current: 0x000A (CD-RW)
Profile: 0x0015 (DVD-R/DL sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0016 (DVD-R/DL layer jump recording) 
Profile: 0x002B (DVD+R/DL) 
Profile: 0x001B (DVD+R) 
Profile: 0x001A (DVD+RW) 
Profile: 0x0014 (DVD-RW sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0013 (DVD-RW restricted overwrite) 
Profile: 0x0012 (DVD-RAM) 
Profile: 0x0011 (DVD-R sequential recording) 
Profile: 0x0010 (DVD-ROM) 
Profile: 0x000A (CD-RW) (current)
Profile: 0x0009 (CD-R) 
Profile: 0x0008 (CD-ROM) 
Profile: 0x0002 (Removable disk) 
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE 
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Drive buf size : 362208 = 353 KB
Speed set to 1764 KB/s
Current Secsize: 2048
ATIP info from disk:
  Indicated writing power: 2
  Reference speed: 6
  Is not unrestricted
  Is erasable
  Disk sub type: High speed Rewritable (CAV) media (1)
  ATIP start of lead in:  -11077 (97:34/23)
  ATIP start of lead out: 359849 (79:59/74)
  1T speed low:  4 1T speed high: 10
  2T speed low:  2 2T speed high: 10
  power mult factor: 2 6
  recommended erase/write power: 5
  A1 values: 24 2C DC
  A2 values: 14 A4 4A
  A3 values: 04 C4 80
Disk type:    Phase change
Manuf. index: 11
Manufacturer: Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed  10.0 in real BLANK mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write in    2 seconds.
   1 seconds.
   0 seconds. Operation starts.
Performing OPC...
Blanking PMA, TOC, pregap
Errno: 5 (Input/output error), blank unit scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  A1 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: 71 00 03 00 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 51 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x3 Medium Error, deferred error, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0x51 Qual 0x00 (erase failure) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk 0 (not valid) 
cmd finished after 17.009s timeout 9600s
/usr/bin/wodim: Cannot blank disk, aborting.
/usr/bin/wodim: Some drives do not support all blank types.
/usr/bin/wodim: Try again with wodim blank=all.

cdrecord command:
-----------------------
/usr/bin/wodim -v gracetime=2 dev=/dev/sr0 speed=10 -tao driveropts=burnfree blank=fast

我尝试更改权限k3bsetup并尝试将刻录组设置为alex，但它没有改变任何内容。

编辑 2 - 那天晚些时候......

我尝试wodim按照以下建议擦除磁盘：

alex@Sargon:~$ wodim dev=/dev/sg1 blank=all -force
Device type    : Removable CD-ROM
Version        : 5
Response Format: 2
Capabilities   : 
Vendor_info    : 'HL-DT-ST'
Identification : 'DVDRAM GUA0N    '
Revision       : '1.00'
Device seems to be: Generic mmc2 DVD-R/DVD-RW.
Using generic SCSI-3/mmc   CD-R/CD-RW driver (mmc_cdr).
Driver flags   : MMC-3 SWABAUDIO BURNFREE 
Supported modes: TAO PACKET SAO SAO/R96P SAO/R96R RAW/R16 RAW/R96P RAW/R96R
Speed set to 1764 KB/s
Waiting for drive to calm down.
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed  10.0 in real force BLANK mode for single session.
Last chance to quit, starting real write in    0 seconds. Operation starts.
Errno: 5 (Input/output error), blank unit scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  A1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: 71 00 03 00 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 51 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x3 Medium Error, deferred error, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0x51 Qual 0x00 (erase failure) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk 0 (not valid) 
cmd finished after 24.064s timeout 9600s
Starting to write CD/DVD at speed  10.0 in real force BLANK mode for single session.
No chance to quit anymore. Operation starts.
Errno: 5 (Input/output error), blank unit scsi sendcmd: no error
CDB:  A1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
status: 0x2 (CHECK CONDITION)
Sense Bytes: 71 00 03 00 00 00 00 0A 00 00 00 00 51 00 00 00
Sense Key: 0x3 Medium Error, deferred error, Segment 0
Sense Code: 0x51 Qual 0x00 (erase failure) Fru 0x0
Sense flags: Blk 0 (not valid) 
cmd finished after 16.381s timeout 9600s
wodim: Cannot blank disk, aborting.

我也尝试过使用root权限，但方法相同。

data-cd

2 个回答

  1. 你有lsscsi可用的命令，或者你可以安装它吗？如果可能，运行lsscsi -g并从列表中识别您的 CD-RW 驱动器。

    您的 CD-RW 驱动器可能是/dev/sr0，但它也会有一个/dev/sg*与之关联的设备。这是“通用 SCSI 设备”，允许向驱动器发送更专业的命令。lsscsi -g输出应指示哪个通用 SCSI 设备对应于您的 CD-RW 驱动器。

    一旦您知道您的 CD-RW 驱动器可以访问，例如/dev/sg1，您可以尝试wodim dev=/dev/sg1 --prcap。如果该命令生成一长串 CD/DVD 功能以及您的驱动器对它们中的每一个的支持，那么您已经dev=为您的驱动器找到了正确的参数。

    似乎某些更改导致wodim无法自动检测设备：在我的 Debian 10 系统上，同样的事情发生了，但如果我手动指定/dev/sg*设备，它就可以工作。wodim您可以使用/etc/wodim.conf将特定设备参数设为 的默认值wodim，这样您就不必继续输入它了。

    将 CD-RW 挂载为常规可写文件系统需要写入数据包，您可以使用/dev/pktcdvd/pktcdvd0而不是常规/dev/sr0CD 设备。但是，该pktcdvd驱动程序已被 Linux 内核开发人员标记为已弃用，因为显然很少有人使用它。该驱动程序尚未从内核源代码中删除，但在弃用通知之后，某些发行版可能已将其从其标准内核配置中删除。

    wodim即使看起来无法擦除，也要擦除（空白）您的 CDRW ：

    wodim dev=/dev/sg1 blank=all -force

    为了摆脱指定dev=参数的需要，您可以编辑/etc/wodim.conf以制作/dev/sg1默认设备，分两步：

    1.) 通过将此行添加到文件末尾来为设备添加一个昵称“刻录机”：

    burner=    /dev/sg1 -1  -1  burnfree

    2.) 编辑CDR_DEVICE文件开头附近的设置以使用昵称：

    #CDR_DEVICE=cdrom  # this line commented out and the next line added
CDR_DEVICE=burner
    • 2
  2. Best Answer

    在尝试了几个程序、gui，甚至切换到 Windows 之后，我想知道问题是否与驱动器有关。

    啊啊啊……原来如此。我只是去了另一台电脑，并能够在 30 秒内将其擦除。

    不知道为什么我可以刻录但不能通过这个擦除。去搞清楚。

    尽管如此，感谢@telcoM 的努力。

    • 0

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