主页 / unix / 问题 / 495623
Accepted
Motivated
Asked: 2019-01-21 08:46:13 +0800 CST

如何对具有多个分隔符的文件进行排序？

  • 772

列出 openSUSE 中的可用补丁会产生以下输出。

导致以下详细信息的命令是zypper patches. 运行命令时也显示相同的结果zypper list-patches -a

Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
Repository                        | Name               | Category    | Severity  | Interactive | Status     | Summary                                                                                           
----------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1000 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | not needed | Recommended update for gnuhealth, proteus, tryton, trytond, trytond_purchase, trytond_stock_supply
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1004 | security    | low       | ---         | not needed | Security update for ffmpeg-4                                                                      
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1005 | security    | moderate  | ---         | not needed | Security update for chromium                                                                      
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1006 | security    | moderate  | ---         | applied    | Security update for okular                                                                        
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1007 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | applied    | Recommended update for tigervnc

例如，在尝试使用命令对“状态”进行排序时，会sort -k 6,6 listing.txt | less产生以下输出。

----------------------------------+--------------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loading repository data...
Reading installed packages...
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1082 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | not needed | Security update for opera                                                                         
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1240 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | not needed | Recommended update for opera                                                                      
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update-Non-Oss | openSUSE-2018-1294 | recommended | low       | ---         | not needed | Recommended update for Regina-REXX, THE, ooRexx                                                   
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1000 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | not needed | Recommended update for gnuhealth, proteus, tryton, trytond, trytond_purchase, trytond_stock_supply
openSUSE-Leap-15.0-Update         | openSUSE-2018-1007 | recommended | moderate  | ---         | applied    | Recommended update for tigervnc    
Repository                        | Name               | Category    | Severity  | Interactive | Status     | Summary

在使用 vim 中的语法高亮规则检查分隔符是否是空格和制表符的组合时，它只返回空格。

:syntax on
:set syntax=whitespace

在此处输入图像描述

似乎该文件可能使用多个分隔符。

  • 确定正在使用的分隔符的最有效方法是什么？
  • 根据使用的分隔符对列进行排序的最佳和最简单的方法是什么？
sort whitespace

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    这应该可以，除非您想保留标题：

    tail -n +5 listing.txt | sort -b -k6 -t'|'

    如果文件经常使用空格（即它不混合and ），您可以省略("ignoreleading blanks)-b选项。sort| applied| applied

    但我猜a）该程序可能有一些选项可以将其格式调整为更机器可读的东西b）你会更好，例如。awk -F'|' '$6~/not needed/'而不是sort.

    • 2

  2. 你可以使用这个：

    awk 'NR<=4 {print $0; next } { print $0 | "sort -k6,6 -t\\|" }' listing.txt

    它继续awk运行listing.txt；相反，您可以将数据输入awk（listing.txt当然，最后省略）。-script 按原样打印前awk四个标题行。其余的行通过管道传输到sort. Sort对第 6 列进行排序，使用等于管道符号的分隔符对其进行标识。

    • 0

相关问题