监视程序的对话并发送警报

您可以监控的活动

1. 先进先出或_
2. 一个xterm日志文件，现在具有交互模式

并让它启动一条zenity信息消息，当有来自受监视程序的输入时。如果您愿意，您还可以安装espeak并让它发送音频消息。

1.zenity当使用 fifo 的受监控程序有输入时，启动一条信息消息。

以下 shellscript 可以监视程序的输出对话并发送警报。

• 假设图形桌面环境
• 在终端窗口中启动一个包装器 shellscript，它就像一个“控制台”用于wrapper
• xterm在窗口中启动要监控的程序
• xterm在窗口中运行对话（这是您编写输入的地方）
• 使用 fifo 访问要监控的程序的输出，/dev/stdout以及dev/stderr.
• 运行while循环
  • 测试fifo是否已被修改，在这种情况下
    • 启动zenity信息消息窗口。

您应该关闭zenity窗口（可以使用“Enter”）以返回到xterm您输入输入的窗口。

#!/bin/bash

if [ $# -eq 0 ]
then
 echo "'$0' is a wrapper, that sends a notification, when the wrapped program
has written to standard input and standard error and may be waiting for input.
---
Usage:   $0 <program name> [parameters]
Example: $0 .program"
 exit
fi

message="'${1##*/} $2 ...' has written something, maybe asks for input"

tmpdir=$(mktemp -d)
tmpfifo=$(mktemp --tmpdir=$tmpdir)
rm "$tmpfifo"
mkfifo "$tmpfifo"
#ls -l "$tmpdir"
cnt1=$(stat --printf "%Y" "$tmpfifo")
sleep 1

xterm -title "${1##*/} $2 ..." -fa default -fs 11 -bg '#403600' \
 -e bash -c "$* 2>&1 | tee /dev/stderr 2>&1 > $tmpfifo" 2> /dev/null & pid=$!

#< "$tmpfifo" espeak &
< "$tmpfifo" cat &

cont=true
while $cont
do
 tmpstr=$(ps -Af |sed "s/grep $pid//"|grep "$pid")
# echo "$tmpstr"
 if [ "$tmpstr" != "" ]
 then
  cnt0=$cnt1
  cnt1=$(stat --printf "%Y" "$tmpfifo")
  if [ "$cnt1" != "$cnt0" ]
  then
#   zenity --notification --text="$message" 2> /dev/null
#   espeak "$message" &
   zenity --info --title="${0##*/} ${1##*/} $2 ..." \
    --text="$message" --width=500  2> /dev/null
  fi
  sleep 1
  else
  sleep .2
  # echo "process $pid has finished"
  cont=false
 fi
done

# clean up

rm -r "$tmpdir"

您也可能希望跑到espeak附近zenity以获取音频消息。在这种情况下，您可以删除该#行开头的字符。（程序中可能有很多文本，因此将 fifo 重定向到 通常是个坏主意espeak。最好将 fifo 重定向到cat并将其打印在“控制台”中。）

演示

cp -i您可以使用and测试一些命令行，mv -i并且可以使用以下小 shellscript 进行测试program，

#!/bin/bash

while true
do
 read -p "Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit " string
 if [ "${string:0:4}" == "Stop" ]
 then
  printf "$string. Gotcha\n"
  break
 elif [ "$string" != "" ]
 then
  printf "$string\n"
  printf "Working for 10 seconds ...\n"
  sleep 10
 else 
  sleep 3
 fi
done

帮助文字：

$ ./wrapper
'./wrapper' is a wrapper, that sends a notification, when the wrapped program
has written to standard input and standard error and may be waiting for input.
---
Usage:   ./wrapper <program name> [parameters]
Example: ./wrapper .program

监控program：

$ ./wrapper ./program

zenity信息消息窗口：

xterm窗口对话：

Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Hello
Hello
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit World
World
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Goodbye
Goodbye
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Stop

完成后在原始终端窗口中的“控制台”输出：

$ ./wrapper ./program
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Hello
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit World
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Goodbye
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Stop. Gotcha

监控cp -ip：

$ LANG=C /path/wrapper cp -ip ubuntustudio-18.04-dvd-amd64.iso ubuntu-18.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso /tmp

zenity信息消息窗口：

对话xterm：

cp: overwrite '/tmp/ubuntustudio-18.04-dvd-amd64.iso'? y
cp: overwrite '/tmp/ubuntu-18.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso'? n

监控sudo parted /dev/sdc：

$ LANG=C ./wrapper sudo parted /dev/sdc

对话xterm：

[sudo] password for sudodus: 
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sdc
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p                                                                
Model: SanDisk Extreme (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdc: 16,0GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system  Flags
 3      2097kB  258MB   256MB   primary   fat32        boot
 4      258MB   1366MB  1108MB  primary
 2      1366MB  12,4GB  11,0GB  extended               lba
 5      1367MB  6736MB  5369MB  logical   ext2
 6      6737MB  12,4GB  5615MB  logical   ext4
 1      12,4GB  16,0GB  3662MB  primary   ntfs

(parted) q

zenity2.当有东西被写入xterm窗口时（来自被监控的程序或来自用户） ，启动一条信息消息。

以下 shellscript 可以监视与程序的对话并发送警报。

• 假设图形桌面环境
• 在终端窗口中启动一个包装器 shellscript，它就像一个“控制台”用于wrapper
• xterm在窗口中启动要监控的程序
• xterm在窗口中运行对话（这是您编写输入的地方）
• 使用日志文件xterm来访问要监视的程序的输出和输入
• 运行while循环
  • 测试日志文件是否已被修改，在这种情况下
    • 启动zenity信息消息窗口。
    • 在输入输入期间允许短暂的延迟（8 秒；您可以编辑脚本文件以更改延迟时间）。

您应该关闭zenity窗口（可以使用“Enter”）以返回到xterm您输入输入的窗口。

现在有一个交互模式，您可以xterm像使用任何终端窗口一样使用该窗口。关闭xterm窗口以停止监控。

#!/bin/bash

# date        editor   comment
# 2018-12-31  sudodus  version 1.0

version=1.0

name="${0##*/}"
if [ "$1" == "-h" ] || [ "$1" == "--help" ]
then
 echo "'$name' is a wrapper, that sends a notification, when the wrapped program
has written to standard input and standard error and may be waiting for input.
---
Usage:    $name [program name] [parameters]
Examples: $name          # to run program(s) interactively in an xterm window
          $name program
          $name -h       # to get help (this text)
          $name -v       # show version"
 exit
elif [ "$1" == "-v" ]
then
 echo "$name version $version"
 exit
fi
tstart=$(date '+%s')
echo "----- start $name at $(date '+%F %T') ----------------------------"
tmpstr="${1##*/}"
xtermlog=$(mktemp -u)

if [ $# -eq 0 ]
then
 mess_zenity="Check, if the monitored program asks for input"
 mess_espeak="${mess_zenity/program/, Program,}"
 xterm -title "monitored by ${0##*/}" -fa default -fs 11 -bg '#2c2b2a' \
 -l -lf "$xtermlog" -sb -rightbar 2> /dev/null & pid=$!
else
 mess_espeak="Check if '${tmpstr^} ${2##*/} ${3##*/} ...' asks for input"
 mess_zenity="Check if '$tmpstr $2 $3 ...' asks for input"
 xterm -title "${1##*/} $2 $3 ..." -fa default -fs 11 -bg '#2c2b2a' \
 -l -lf "$xtermlog" -e "$@" 2> /dev/null & pid=$!
fi
sleep 0.5
sync
cnt1=$(stat --printf "%Y" "$xtermlog")
tail -f "$xtermlog" & ptail=$!

cont=true
while $cont
do
 sleep 1
 cnt0=$cnt1
 tmpstr=$(ps -Af |sed "s/grep $pid//"|grep "$pid")
# echo "$tmpstr"
 if [ "$tmpstr" != "" ]
 then
  cnt1=$(stat --printf "%Y" "$xtermlog")
  if [ $cnt1 -gt $((cnt0 + 8)) ]
  then
#   zenity --notification --text="$message" 2> /dev/null
   espeak "$mess_espeak" &
   zenity --info --title="${0##*/} ${1##*/} $2 ..." \
    --text="$mess_zenity" --width=500  2> /dev/null
   touch "$xtermlog"
   cnt1=$(stat --printf "%Y" "$xtermlog")
  fi
  sleep 1
  else
  sleep .2
  # echo "process $pid has finished"
  cont=false
 fi
done

# clean up
tmpstr="$(tail -n1 "$xtermlog" | sed 's/.*exit.*/exit/')"
if [ "$tmpstr" != "exit" ]
then
 echo ""
fi
rm -r "$xtermlog"
kill $ptail
tend=$(date '+%s')
tuse=$((tend-tstart))
echo "------- end $name at $(date '+%F %T') --- used $tuse seconds"

将这段bash代码保存到一个文件中，并给它[例如]名称vialog，使其可执行，并可能将其移动到您路径中的目录中。

$ vialog
----- start vialog at 2018-12-31 14:37:41 ----------------------------

您在xterm窗口中工作，对话也会回显到起始窗口。

sudodus@bionic64 /media/multimed-2/test/test0/pomsky-wrap $ ./program
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Hello World
Hello World
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit I am writing ...
I am writing ...
Working for 10 seconds ...
Waiting for input. 'Stop' to Quit Stop
Stop. Gotcha
sudodus@bionic64 /media/multimed-2/test/test0/pomsky-wrap $ scrot -sb
sudodus@bionic64 /media/multimed-2/test/test0/pomsky-wrap $ exit
exit
------- end vialog at 2018-12-31 14:39:02 --- used 81 seconds

邀请反馈

我认为最好使用第二个答案，而不是在我已经存在的答案中添加另一个 shellscript。我将听取反馈并专注于首选的脚本/方法，并尝试将首选的内容合并到一个答案中（除非有理由将它们全部保留（出于不同目的）。

监视程序的对话并发送警报

您可以监控的活动

1. 先进先出或_
2. 一个xterm日志文件

并让它启动一条zenity信息消息，当有来自受监视程序的输入时。如果您愿意，您还可以安装espeak并让它发送音频消息。

这个答案侧重于使用fifo的第二种选择。

zenity当使用 fifo 的受监视程序有输入时，启动一条信息消息。

1.1 使用xterm，通过fifo监控标准输出和标准错误

该wrapper方法具有

• 优点是没有直接输入会触发警报。这适用于许多程序，例如cp -i和sudo.
• 劣势，即
  • 某些程序将被禁用，因为它们不仅使用标准输出和标准错误来写入其输出。示例：sftp将丢失提示，并且用户无法知道程序何时准备好执行新任务。
  • some programs echo the input (there is indirect input), and this will trigger the alert, which may cause a lot of alerts in a shellscript, that does not take that into account. Example: ssh.

1.2 Using the compiled program script and its log file via a fifo

The following shellscript can monitor the output dialogue from a program and send an alert. It needs espeak and script (script need not be installed in Ubuntu and Debian).

sudo apt update
sudo apt install espeak

• assuming a graphical desktop environment
• start a shellscript in a terminal window, let us call it viafifo.
• starting the program to be monitored 'in viafifo'
• running the dialogue in the terminal window (that is where you write your input)
• using a fifo to get access to the output of the program to be monitored, /dev/stdin, /dev/stdout and dev/stderr. The main task in the shellscript is the line with the program script, that is monitoring the activity in the terminal window and writing to the fifo.
• running a while loop
  • testing if the fifo has been modified and in that case
    • starting a zenity info message window and a correspoding spoken message with espeak.
    • short delays are allowed during typing the input (8 seconds; you can edit the script file to change the delay time).

You are expected to close the zenity window (can work with 'Enter') to get back to the xterm window, where you write your input.

键入exit离开script和viafifo。之后，您可以获得包含整个对话的日志文件。

viafifo经测试

• Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS。您可以在此链接中<---找到bash 代码。viafifo
• Debian 9.6.0，“拉伸”。请参阅以下屏幕截图和 和 的打印time viafifo输出viafifo.log。

演示示例

截图

time viafifo

user@debian:~$ time viafifo
----- Start viafifo ------------------------------------------------------------
user@debian:~$ echo hello
hello
user@debian:~$ exit
exit
----- End viafifo --------------------------------------------------------------
See 'viafifo.log'
viafifo used 8 seconds plus a few (5-10) seconds for preparing and finishing
real    0m13.295s
user    0m0.104s
sys 0m0.012s

viafifo.log

user@debian:~$ cat viafifo.log
Script started on Sat 05 Jan 2019 07:57:45 PM UTC
user@debian:~$ echo hello
hello
user@debian:~$ exit
exit
viafifo used 8 seconds
user@debian:~$