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user3856370
Asked: 2018-03-19 07:58:50 +0800 CST

ldap userCertificate 属性的问题

  • 772

我正在尝试使用“userCertificate”属性来保存“der”文件。我可以愉快地使用 ldif 添加我的证书：

dn:cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home
changetype:修改
add:userCertificate;binary
userCertificate;binary:<file:///home/bob/cert.der

当我进行 ldapsearch 时，我看到我的证书采用 base64 编码，生活似乎很好。但是当我尝试使用 ldapcompare 时：

ldapcompare -D"cn=admin,dc=home" -W "cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home" "userCertificate;binary:<file:///home/bob/cert.der"

我得到错误：

比较结果：无效语法 (21)
附加信息：无法标准化匹配
UNDEFINED的值

如果我尝试使用 base64 编码进行比较，我会得到同样的错误

ldapcompare -D"cn=admin,dc=home" -W "cn=bob,ou=users,dc=home" "userCertificate:: base64encodedStringOfStuff"

有任何想法吗？

openldap certificates

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我刚收到这个错误：ldap_modify：未定义的属性类型（17）附加信息：usercertificate：需要；二进制传输。

    此错误消息非常清楚地引用了RFC 4523 第 2.1 节中的规定。在影响属性userCertificate的所有 LDAP 操作中，您只需始终附加;binary到属性名称。

    ldap_msgfree ldap_err2string 比较结果：无效语法 (21) 附加信息：无法标准化匹配 UNDEFINED 的值

    使用比较操作时，您必须查看哪个EQUALITY匹配规则可用于断言属性。

    在子模式中userCertificate是EQUALITY certificateExactMatch根据颁发者名称和序列号声明的（请参阅RFC 4523 第 2.5 节），这意味着该属性没有可用的纯八位字节字符串匹配。

    因此，您需要从证书中提取十进制序列号和颁发者 DN（LDAP 字符串表示）：

    $ openssl x509 -noout -nameopt rfc2253 -serial -issuer -inform der -in ~/certs/[email protected] 
serial=0F560E
issuer=CN=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Client CA,OU=Secure Digital Certificate Signing,O=StartCom Ltd.,C=IL

    将本例中的十六进制序列转换为十进制，1005070并像这样调用ldapcompare：

    ldapcompare "cn=Michael Strö[email protected],dc=stroeder,dc=de" 'userCertificate;binary:{ serialNumber 1005070, issuer "cn=StartCom Class 1 Primary Intermediate Client CA,ou=Secure Digital Certificate Signing,o=StartCom Ltd.,c=IL"}'
TRUE

    补充说明：

    • 请注意，DN 是复杂的野兽，需要在 shell 命令行上进行特殊处理的特殊字符转义。因此，我会为此任务使用脚本语言来避免一些麻烦。
    • 与修改操作和属性检索相反，比较操作不需要;binary传输类型。但是对于 OpenLDAP，它也不会受到伤害。不确定其他 LDAP 服务器实现。
    • 3

  2. 请注意，我有一个 PEM 编码的证书，而不是一个 DER 编码的证书。您可以使用openssl在 PEM 中转换/显示 DER：

    openssl x509 -in /home/bob/cert.der -inform DER

    此命令将以 PEM 格式显示您的证书。像这样的东西：

    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQG
EwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSsw
KQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5jZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTA2MTExMDAwMDAw
MFoXDTMxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZ
MBcGA1UECxMQd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTErMCkGA1UEAxMiRGlnaUNlcnQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFu
Y2UgRVYgUm9vdCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAMbM5XPm+9S75S0t
Mqbf5YE/yc0lSbZxKsPVlDRnogocsF9ppkCxxLeyj9CYpKlBWTrT3JTWPNt0OKRKzE0lgvdKpVMS
OO7zSW1xkX5jtqumX8OkhPhPYlG++MXs2ziS4wblCJEMxChBVfvLWokVfnHoNb9Ncgk9vjo4UFt3
MRuNs8ckRZqnrG0AFFoEt7oT61EKmEFBIk5lYYeBQVCmeVyJ3hlKV9Uu5l0cUyx+mM0aBhakaHPQ
NAQTXKFx01p8VdteZOE3hzBWBOURtCmAEvF5OYiiAhF8J2a3iLd48soKqDirCmTCv2ZdlYTBoSUe
h10aUAsgEsxBu24LUTi4S8sCAwEAAaNjMGEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMB
Af8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSY
JhoIAu9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQAcGgaX3NecnzyIZgYIVyHbIUf4KmeqvxgydkAQ
V8GK83rZEWWONfqe/EW1ntlMMUu4kehDLI6zeM7b41N5cdblIZQB2lWHmiRk9opmzN6cN82oNLFp
myPInngiK3BD41VHMWEZ71jFhS9OMPagMRYjyOfiZRYzy78aG6A9+MpeizGLYAiJLQwGXFK3xPkK
mNEVX58Svnw2Yzi9RKR/5CYrCsSXaQ3pjOLAEFe4yHYSkVXySGnYvCoCWw9E1CAx2/S6cCZdkGCe
vEsXCS+0yx5DaMkHJ8HSXPfqIbloEpw8nL+e/IBcm2PN7EeqJSdnoDfzAIJ9VNep+OkuE6N36B9K
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

    我删除了顶线和底线，只是为了获得 Base64 编码的部分。而且，我执行了以下命令将其加载到usercertificate属性中：

    $ ldapmodify -x -h my.ldap.server -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W
Enter LDAP Password:

dn: uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com    
changetype: modify
replace: usercertificate
usercertificate:: MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQG
 EwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSsw
 KQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5jZSBFViBSb290IENBMB4XDTA2MTExMDAwMDAw
 MFoXDTMxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoTDERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZ
 MBcGA1UECxMQd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTErMCkGA1UEAxMiRGlnaUNlcnQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFu
 Y2UgRVYgUm9vdCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCggEBAMbM5XPm+9S75S0t
 Mqbf5YE/yc0lSbZxKsPVlDRnogocsF9ppkCxxLeyj9CYpKlBWTrT3JTWPNt0OKRKzE0lgvdKpVMS
 OO7zSW1xkX5jtqumX8OkhPhPYlG++MXs2ziS4wblCJEMxChBVfvLWokVfnHoNb9Ncgk9vjo4UFt3
 MRuNs8ckRZqnrG0AFFoEt7oT61EKmEFBIk5lYYeBQVCmeVyJ3hlKV9Uu5l0cUyx+mM0aBhakaHPQ
 NAQTXKFx01p8VdteZOE3hzBWBOURtCmAEvF5OYiiAhF8J2a3iLd48soKqDirCmTCv2ZdlYTBoSUe
 h10aUAsgEsxBu24LUTi4S8sCAwEAAaNjMGEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMA8GA1UdEwEB/wQFMAMB
 Af8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSY
 JhoIAu9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQAcGgaX3NecnzyIZgYIVyHbIUf4KmeqvxgydkAQ
 V8GK83rZEWWONfqe/EW1ntlMMUu4kehDLI6zeM7b41N5cdblIZQB2lWHmiRk9opmzN6cN82oNLFp
 myPInngiK3BD41VHMWEZ71jFhS9OMPagMRYjyOfiZRYzy78aG6A9+MpeizGLYAiJLQwGXFK3xPkK
 mNEVX58Svnw2Yzi9RKR/5CYrCsSXaQ3pjOLAEFe4yHYSkVXySGnYvCoCWw9E1CAx2/S6cCZdkGCe
 vEsXCS+0yx5DaMkHJ8HSXPfqIbloEpw8nL+e/IBcm2PN7EeqJSdnoDfzAIJ9VNep+OkuE6N36B9K

modifying entry "uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com"

$

    请注意每个 Base64 编码行前面的前导单个空格。它是 LDIF 中的延续标记。而且，当我使用 搜索时ldapsearch，我看到：

    $ ldapsearch -LLL -x -h my.ldap.server -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W -b ou=users,o=foo.com uid=testuser usercertificate
Enter LDAP Password:

dn: uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com  
userCertificate;binary:: MIIDxTCCAq2gAwIBAgIQAqxcJmoLQJuPC3nyrkYldzANBgkqhkiG9
 w0BAQUFADBsMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3d3
 cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSswKQYDVQQDEyJEaWdpQ2VydCBIaWdoIEFzc3VyYW5jZSBFViBSb290IEN
 BMB4XDTA2MTExMDAwMDAwMFoXDTMxMTExMDAwMDAwMFowbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxFTATBgNVBAoT
 DERpZ2lDZXJ0IEluYzEZMBcGA1UECxMQd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbTErMCkGA1UEAxMiRGlnaUNlc
 nQgSGlnaCBBc3N1cmFuY2UgRVYgUm9vdCBDQTCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCCAQoCgg
 EBAMbM5XPm+9S75S0tMqbf5YE/yc0lSbZxKsPVlDRnogocsF9ppkCxxLeyj9CYpKlBWTrT3JTWPNt
 0OKRKzE0lgvdKpVMSOO7zSW1xkX5jtqumX8OkhPhPYlG++MXs2ziS4wblCJEMxChBVfvLWokVfnHo
 Nb9Ncgk9vjo4UFt3MRuNs8ckRZqnrG0AFFoEt7oT61EKmEFBIk5lYYeBQVCmeVyJ3hlKV9Uu5l0cU
 yx+mM0aBhakaHPQNAQTXKFx01p8VdteZOE3hzBWBOURtCmAEvF5OYiiAhF8J2a3iLd48soKqDirCm
 TCv2ZdlYTBoSUeh10aUAsgEsxBu24LUTi4S8sCAwEAAaNjMGEwDgYDVR0PAQH/BAQDAgGGMA8GA1U
 dEwEB/wQFMAMBAf8wHQYDVR0OBBYEFLE+w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMB8GA1UdIwQYMBaAFLE+
 w2kD+L9HAdSYJhoIAu9jZCvDMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBBQUAA4IBAQAcGgaX3NecnzyIZgYIVyHbIUf4K
 meqvxgydkAQV8GK83rZEWWONfqe/EW1ntlMMUu4kehDLI6zeM7b41N5cdblIZQB2lWHmiRk9opmzN
 6cN82oNLFpmyPInngiK3BD41VHMWEZ71jFhS9OMPagMRYjyOfiZRYzy78aG6A9+MpeizGLYAiJLQw
 GXFK3xPkKmNEVX58Svnw2Yzi9RKR/5CYrCsSXaQ3pjOLAEFe4yHYSkVXySGnYvCoCWw9E1CAx2/S6
 cCZdkGCevEsXCS+0yx5DaMkHJ8HSXPfqIbloEpw8nL+e/IBcm2PN7EeqJSdnoDfzAIJ9VNep+OkuE
 6N36B9K

$

    我从来没有让它与< file:针对 DER 或 PEM 文件的指令一起使用（没有CERTIFICATE标记）。我会做更多的调查，看看有什么遗漏。但是，如果您将多行 Base64 编码证书（PEM 格式）减少为单行，那么您可以进行比较

    $ ldapcompare -x -Dcn=ADMIN_DN -W -h my.ldap.server uid=testuser,ou=users,o=foo.com 'usercertificate::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'
Enter LDAP Password:

TRUE
$

    如果/当我可以让它与< file:指令一起工作时，我会更新它。

    • 1

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