Ivan's questions

如何解决这个问题？以及如何在 ubuntu 15.04 上安装 pip 和 virtualenv

 pip install virtualenv
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/bin/pip", line 9, in <module>
        load_entry_point('pip==1.5.6', 'console_scripts', 'pip')()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 521, in load_entry_point
        return get_distribution(dist).load_entry_point(group, name)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2632, in load_entry_point
        return ep.load()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2312, in load
        return self.resolve()
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 2318, in resolve
        module = __import__(self.module_name, fromlist=['__name__'], level=0)
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 74, in <module>
        from pip.vcs import git, mercurial, subversion, bazaar  # noqa
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/vcs/mercurial.py", line 9, in <module>
        from pip.download import path_to_url
      File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/download.py", line 25, in <module>
        from requests.compat import IncompleteRead
    ImportError: cannot import name IncompleteRead

perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
    LANGUAGE = (unset),
    LC_ALL = (unset),
    LC_PAPER = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_ADDRESS = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_MONETARY = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_NUMERIC = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_TELEPHONE = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_IDENTIFICATION = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_MEASUREMENT = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_TIME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LC_NAME = "id_ID.UTF-8",
    LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
    are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").

如何解决？

在你告诉这个转发之前我已经做了

添加行 : 到 /etc/environment & /etc/default/locale

LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_TYPE=en_US.UTF-8

并执行命令：

dpkg-reconfigure locales
locale-gen en_US.UTF-8

我的 smb.conf ：

koko@rumah:~$ cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
    #
    # Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
    #
    #
    # This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
    # smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
    # here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which
    # are not shown in this example
    #
    # Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
    # commented-out examples in this file.
    #  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
    #    differs from the default Samba behaviour
    #  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
    #    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
    #    enough to be mentioned here
    #
    # NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
    # "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic
    # errors.

    #======================= Global Settings =======================

    [global]
            passdb backend = tdbsam
            passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .
            syslog = 0
            panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d
            dns proxy = no
            map to guest = bad user
            server role = standalone server
            encrypt passwords = yes
            passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
            usershare allow guests = yes
            obey pam restrictions = yes
            log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m
            max log size = 1000
            workgroup = WORKGROUP
            unix password sync = yes
            pam password change = yes
            server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

    ## Browsing/Identification ###

    # Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of

    # server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field

    # Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
    # WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
       wins support = yes

    # WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
    # Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
    #   wins server = w.x.y.z

    # This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.

    #### Networking ####

    # The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
    # This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
    # interface names are normally preferred
    ;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

    # Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
    # 'interfaces' option above to use this.
    # It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
    # not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
    # option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
    ;   bind interfaces only = yes



    #### Debugging/Accounting ####

    # This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
    # that connects

    # Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).

    # If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
    # parameter to 'yes'.
    #   syslog only = no

    # We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
    # should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
    # through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.

    # Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace


    ####### Authentication #######

    # Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
    # values are "standalone server", "member server", "classic primary
    # domain controller", "classic backup domain controller", "active
    # directory domain controller".
    #
    # Most people will want "standalone sever" or "member server".
    # Running as "active directory domain controller" will require first
    # running "samba-tool domain provision" to wipe databases and create a
    # new domain.

    # If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
    # password database type you are using.


    # This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
    # password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
    # passdb is changed.

    # For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
    # parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<[email protected]> for
    # sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).

    # This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
    # when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
    # 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.

    # This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
    # to anonymous connections

    ########## Domains ###########

    #
    # The following settings only takes effect if 'server role = primary
    # classic domain controller', 'server role = backup domain controller'
    # or 'domain logons' is set
    #

    # It specifies the location of the user's
    # profile directory from the client point of view) The following
    # required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
    # below)
    ;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
    # Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
    # (this is Samba's default)
    #   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

    # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
    # It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
    # point of view)
    ;   logon drive = H:
    #   logon home = \\%N\%U

    # The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
    # It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
    # in the [netlogon] share
    # NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
    ;   logon script = logon.cmd

    # This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
    # RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
    # password; please adapt to your needs
    ; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

    # This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the
    # SAMR RPC pipe.
    # The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
    ; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

    # This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
    # RPC pipe.
    ; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

    ############ Misc ############

    # Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
    # on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
    # of the machine that is connecting
    ;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

    # Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
    # for something else.)
    ;   idmap uid = 10000-20000
    ;   idmap gid = 10000-20000
    ;   template shell = /bin/bash

    # Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
    # with the net usershare command.

    # Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
    ;   usershare max shares = 100

    # Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
    # public shares, not just authenticated ones

    #======================= Share Definitions =======================

    # Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit)
    # to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each
    # user's home directory as \\server\username
    ;[homes]
    ;   comment = Home Directories
    ;   browseable = no

    # By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
    # next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
    ;   read only = yes

    # File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
    # create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
    ;   create mask = 0700

    # Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
    # create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
    ;   directory mask = 0700

    # By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
    # with access to the samba server.
    # Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
    # can connect to \\server\username
    # This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
    ;   valid users = %S

    # Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
    # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
    ;[netlogon]
    ;   comment = Network Logon Service
    ;   path = /home/samba/netlogon
    ;   guest ok = yes
    ;   read only = yes

    # Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
    # users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
    # (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
    # The path below should be writable by all users so that their
    # profile directory may be created the first time they log on
    ;[profiles]
    ;   comment = Users profiles
    ;   path = /home/samba/profiles
    ;   guest ok = no
    ;   browseable = no
    ;   create mask = 0600
    ;   directory mask = 0700

    [ivan]
       comment = ivan
       path = /media/doc1st/files/ivan
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [adrian]
       comment = adrian
       path = /media/doc1st/files/adrian
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [indra]
       comment = indra
       path = /media/doc1st/files/indra
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [inesdoc]
       comment = inesdoc
       path = /media/doc1st/files/ines
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [ines]
       comment = ines
       path = /media/ines1st
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [music]
       comment = music
       path = /media/doc1st/music
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [movies]
       comment = movies
       path = /media/misc1st/movies
       guest ok = yes
       browseable = yes
       create mask = 0600
       directory mask = 0700

    [public]
            directory mask = 0700
            comment = public
            path = /media/doc1st/files/public
            create mask = 0600
            writeable = yes
            browseable = yes
            public = yes


    [printers]
       comment = All Printers
       browseable = no
       path = /var/spool/samba
       printable = yes
       guest ok = no
       read only = yes
       create mask = 0700

    # Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
    # printer drivers
    [print$]
       comment = Printer Drivers
       path = /var/lib/samba/printers
       browseable = yes
       read only = yes
       guest ok = no
    # Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
    # You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
    # admin users are members of.
    # Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
    # to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
    ;   write list = root, @lpadmin

我在 ubuntu 服务器中的用户：

koko@rumah:~$ cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
root
daemon
bin
sys
sync
games
man
lp
mail
news
uucp
proxy
www-data
backup
list
irc
gnats
nobody
libuuid
syslog
messagebus
landscape
sshd
koko
mysql
colord
avahi
plex
vnstat
deluge
debian-deluged
bind
apt-mirror
kogoro
koiv
adrian
ines

samba 用户：koiv、koko、ines、adrian、kogoro、nobody
当我想在第二个桌面上连接其他 Windows 操作系统时，我收到此错误消息：指定的网络文件夹当前使用不同的用户名和密码进行映射。要使用不同的用户名和密码进行连接，请先断开此网络共享的任何现有映射:(

映射网络驱动器
错误消息
如何修复？

我有具有以下 samba 版本的 Ubuntu 14.04：

koko@rumah:~$ samba --version
Version 4.1.6-Ubuntu

在 Windows 上，当我键入以下命令时\\\192.168.1.100出现此错误：

Windows Cannot Access \\192.168.1.100
you do not have permission to access \\192.168.1.100. 
Contact your network administrator to request access."

在我的 Mac 上，这有效！

是smb.conf：

koko@rumah:~$ cat /etc/samba/smb.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for the Samba suite for Debian GNU/Linux.
#
#
# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options most of which
# are not shown in this example
#
# Some options that are often worth tuning have been included as
# commented-out examples in this file.
#  - When such options are commented with ";", the proposed setting
#    differs from the default Samba behaviour
#  - When commented with "#", the proposed setting is the default
#    behaviour of Samba but the option is considered important
#    enough to be mentioned here
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command
# "testparm" to check that you have not made any basic syntactic
# errors.

#======================= Global Settings =======================

[global]

## Browsing/Identification ###

# Change this to the workgroup/NT-domain name your Samba server will part of
   workgroup = WORKGROUP

# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
        server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)

# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# WINS Support - Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable its WINS Server
#   wins support = no

# WINS Server - Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
;   wins server = w.x.y.z

# This will prevent nmbd to search for NetBIOS names through DNS.
   dns proxy = no

#### Networking ####

# The specific set of interfaces / networks to bind to
# This can be either the interface name or an IP address/netmask;
# interface names are normally preferred
;   interfaces = 127.0.0.0/8 eth0

# Only bind to the named interfaces and/or networks; you must use the
# 'interfaces' option above to use this.
# It is recommended that you enable this feature if your Samba machine is
# not protected by a firewall or is a firewall itself.  However, this
# option cannot handle dynamic or non-broadcast interfaces correctly.
;   bind interfaces only = yes



#### Debugging/Accounting ####

# This tells Samba to use a separate log file for each machine
# that connects
   log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m

# Cap the size of the individual log files (in KiB).
   max log size = 1000

# If you want Samba to only log through syslog then set the following
# parameter to 'yes'.
#   syslog only = no

# We want Samba to log a minimum amount of information to syslog. Everything
# should go to /var/log/samba/log.{smbd,nmbd} instead. If you want to log
# through syslog you should set the following parameter to something higher.
   syslog = 0

# Do something sensible when Samba crashes: mail the admin a backtrace
   panic action = /usr/share/samba/panic-action %d


####### Authentication #######

# Server role. Defines in which mode Samba will operate. Possible
# values are "standalone server", "member server", "classic primary
# domain controller", "classic backup domain controller", "active
# directory domain controller".
#
# Most people will want "standalone sever" or "member server".
# Running as "active directory domain controller" will require first
# running "samba-tool domain provision" to wipe databases and create a
# new domain.
   server role = standalone server

# If you are using encrypted passwords, Samba will need to know what
# password database type you are using.
   passdb backend = tdbsam

   obey pam restrictions = yes

# This boolean parameter controls whether Samba attempts to sync the Unix
# password with the SMB password when the encrypted SMB password in the
# passdb is changed.
   unix password sync = yes

# For Unix password sync to work on a Debian GNU/Linux system, the following
# parameters must be set (thanks to Ian Kahan <<[email protected]> for
# sending the correct chat script for the passwd program in Debian Sarge).
   passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
   passwd chat = *Enter\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *Retype\snew\s*\spassword:* %n\n *password\supdated\ssuccessfully* .

# This boolean controls whether PAM will be used for password changes
# when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in
# 'passwd program'. The default is 'no'.
   pam password change = yes

# This option controls how unsuccessful authentication attempts are mapped
# to anonymous connections
   map to guest = bad user

########## Domains ###########

#
# The following settings only takes effect if 'server role = primary
# classic domain controller', 'server role = backup domain controller'
# or 'domain logons' is set
#

# It specifies the location of the user's
# profile directory from the client point of view) The following
# required a [profiles] share to be setup on the samba server (see
# below)
;   logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U
# Another common choice is storing the profile in the user's home directory
# (this is Samba's default)
#   logon path = \\%N\%U\profile

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the location of a user's home directory (from the client
# point of view)
;   logon drive = H:
#   logon home = \\%N\%U

# The following setting only takes effect if 'domain logons' is set
# It specifies the script to run during logon. The script must be stored
# in the [netlogon] share
# NOTE: Must be store in 'DOS' file format convention
;   logon script = logon.cmd

# This allows Unix users to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.  The example command creates a user account with a disabled Unix
# password; please adapt to your needs
; add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser --quiet --disabled-password --gecos "" %u

# This allows machine accounts to be created on the domain controller via the
# SAMR RPC pipe.
# The following assumes a "machines" group exists on the system
; add machine script  = /usr/sbin/useradd -g machines -c "%u machine account" -d /var/lib/samba -s /bin/false %u

# This allows Unix groups to be created on the domain controller via the SAMR
# RPC pipe.
; add group script = /usr/sbin/addgroup --force-badname %g

############ Misc ############

# Using the following line enables you to customise your configuration
# on a per machine basis. The %m gets replaced with the netbios name
# of the machine that is connecting
;   include = /home/samba/etc/smb.conf.%m

# Some defaults for winbind (make sure you're not using the ranges
# for something else.)
;   idmap uid = 10000-20000
;   idmap gid = 10000-20000
;   template shell = /bin/bash

# Setup usershare options to enable non-root users to share folders
# with the net usershare command.

# Maximum number of usershare. 0 (default) means that usershare is disabled.
;   usershare max shares = 100

# Allow users who've been granted usershare privileges to create
# public shares, not just authenticated ones
   usershare allow guests = yes

#======================= Share Definitions =======================

# Un-comment the following (and tweak the other settings below to suit)
# to enable the default home directory shares. This will share each
# user's home directory as \\server\username
;[homes]
;   comment = Home Directories
;   browseable = no

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change the
# next parameter to 'no' if you want to be able to write to them.
;   read only = yes

# File creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create files with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   create mask = 0700

# Directory creation mask is set to 0700 for security reasons. If you want to
# create dirs. with group=rw permissions, set next parameter to 0775.
;   directory mask = 0700

# By default, \\server\username shares can be connected to by anyone
# with access to the samba server.
# Un-comment the following parameter to make sure that only "username"
# can connect to \\server\username
# This might need tweaking when using external authentication schemes
;   valid users = %S

# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
;[netlogon]
;   comment = Network Logon Service
;   path = /home/samba/netlogon
;   guest ok = yes
;   read only = yes

# Un-comment the following and create the profiles directory to store
# users profiles (see the "logon path" option above)
# (you need to configure Samba to act as a domain controller too.)
# The path below should be writable by all users so that their
# profile directory may be created the first time they log on
;[profiles]
;   comment = Users profiles
;   path = /home/samba/profiles
;   guest ok = no
;   browseable = no
;   create mask = 0600
;   directory mask = 0700

[ivan]
   comment = ivan
   path = /media/doc1st/files/ivan
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[adrian]
   comment = adrian
   path = /media/doc1st/files/adrian
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[indra]
   comment = indra
   path = /media/doc1st/files/indra
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[inesdoc]
   comment = inesdoc
   path = /media/doc1st/files/ines
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[ines]
   comment = ines
   path = /media/ines1st
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[music]
   comment = music
   path = /media/doc1st/music
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[movies]
   comment = movies
   path = /media/misc1st/movies
   guest ok = yes
   browseable = yes
   create mask = 0600
   directory mask = 0700

[public]
        directory mask = 0700
        comment = public
        path = /media/doc1st/files/public
        create mask = 0600
        writeable = yes
        browseable = yes
        public = yes


[printers]
   comment = All Printers
   browseable = no
   path = /var/spool/samba
   printable = yes
   guest ok = no
   read only = yes
   create mask = 0700

# Windows clients look for this share name as a source of downloadable
# printer drivers
[print$]
   comment = Printer Drivers
   path = /var/lib/samba/printers
   browseable = yes
   read only = yes
   guest ok = no
# Uncomment to allow remote administration of Windows print drivers.
# You may need to replace 'lpadmin' with the name of the group your
# admin users are members of.
# Please note that you also need to set appropriate Unix permissions
# to the drivers directory for these users to have write rights in it
;   write list = root, @lpadmin

我应该怎么做才能解决这个问题？

如何使用 为目录创建校验和md5deep，以检查另一个位置的重复项？

例如：

我想为创建校验和文件/home/user/Documents，我想在/media/usb/Documents. 如果我使用这个：

md5deep -r -s /home/user/Documents > checksum.md5

校验和文件具有目录的绝对路径，例如：

f110abe5b3cfd324c2e5128eb4733879  /home/user/Documents/Dir01/file01

我如何制作像这样的路径Dir01/file01？

如果我使用以下方式安装，如何检查安装的 VLC 是 64 位还是 32 位：

sudo apt-get install vlc

ClamAV update process started at Mon Sep 22 04:59:22 2014
WARNING: Your ClamAV installation is OUTDATED!
WARNING: Local version: 0.98.1 Recommended version: 0.98.4
DON'T PANIC! Read http://www.clamav.net/support/faq
main.cvd is up to date (version: 55, sigs: 2424225, f-level: 60, builder: neo)
daily.cld is up to date (version: 19413, sigs: 1148321, f-level: 63, builder: neo)
bytecode.cvd is up to date (version: 242, sigs: 46, f-level: 63, builder: dgoddard)

我试着$sudo freshclamsudo

add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-clamav/ppa

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install --reinstall clamav
clamscan -V
ClamAV 0.98.1/19413/Sun Sep 21 23:35:57 2014

但不起作用

如何将 ClamAV 引擎版本从 0.98.1 更新到 0.98.4？

谢谢之前