如何选择http://ir.archive.ubuntu.com/进行ubuntu 更新和包下载？
如何使用命令行将以前下载的 .deb 文件添加到 apt 中，以便在我使用时不会再次下载它们sudo apt-get install？
我有一个包含这些软件包的 debian 文件的文件夹：
advancecomp akonadi-backend-mysql akonadi-server akonadiconsole akregator
amor analitza-common ark astrometry.net audiocd-kio avogadro-data baloo
blinken blogilo bomber bovo build-essential cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra
cervisia chemical-mime-data consolekit dirmngr docbook docbook-to-man
docbook-xml docbook-xsl dolphin dpkg-dev dragonplayer edict fakeroot
festival festival-freebsoft-utils festlex-cmu festlex-poslex
festvox-kallpc16k filelight fonts-dustin fonts-lmodern freerdp-x11
freespacenotifier g++ g++-4.8 gawk gnugo gnupg-agent gnupg2 gpgsm granatier
graphviz gwenview icoutils imagemagick imagemagick-common jovie juk
kaccessible kaddressbook kajongg kalarm kalgebra kalgebra-common kalzium
kalzium-data kamera kanagram kanjidic kapman kapptemplate kate kate-data
katepart katomic kblackbox kblocks kbounce kbreakout kbruch kcachegrind
kcalc kcharselect kcolorchooser kcron kde-base-artwork kde-baseapps
kde-baseapps-bin kde-baseapps-data kde-config-cddb kde-config-cron
kde-config-pimactivity kde-full kde-icons-mono kde-plasma-desktop
kde-plasma-netbook kde-runtime kde-runtime-data kde-standard
kde-style-oxygen kde-wallpapers kde-wallpapers-default kde-window-manager
kde-window-manager-common kde-workspace kde-workspace-bin kde-workspace-data
kde-workspace-kgreet-plugins kde-zeroconf kdeaccessibility kdeadmin
kdeartwork kdeartwork-emoticons kdeartwork-style kdeartwork-theme-window
kdeedu kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data kdegames-data
kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics kdegraphics-mobipocket
kdegraphics-strigi-analyzer kdegraphics-thumbnailers kdelibs-bin
kdelibs5-data kdelibs5-plugins kdemultimedia kdenetwork
kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-strigi-analyzers kdepasswd kdepim
kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepimlibs-kio-plugins kdeplasma-addons
kdesdk kdesdk-dolphin-plugins kdesdk-kio-plugins kdesdk-misc kdesdk-scripts
kdesdk-strigi-plugins kdesdk-thumbnailers kdetoys kdeutils kdewallpapers
kdewebdev kdf kdiamond kdm kdoctools kfilereplace kfind kfourinline kgamma
kgeography kgeography-data kget kgoldrunner kgpg khangman khelpcenter4 kig
kigo killbots kimagemapeditor kinfocenter kio-audiocd kiriki kiten kjots
kjumpingcube kleopatra klettres klettres-data klickety klines klinkstatus
klipper kmag kmahjongg kmail kmenuedit kmines kmix kmousetool kmouth kmplot
kmtrace knavalbattle knetwalk knode knotes kolf kollision kolourpaint4
kommander kompare konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konquest
konsole konsolekalendar kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer
kpartloader kpat krdc kremotecontrol kreversi krfb krosspython kruler
ksaneplugin kscd kscreensaver kscreensaver-xsavers kshisen ksirk ksnakeduel
ksnapshot kspaceduel ksquares kstars kstars-data ksudoku ksysguard
ksysguardd ksystemlog kteatime ktimer ktimetracker ktouch ktouch-data
ktuberling kturtle ktux kubrick kubuntu-debug-installer kuiviewer kuser
kwalletmanager kwordquiz kwrite libaccounts-qt1 libaio1 libakonadi-calendar4
libakonadi-contact4 libakonadi-kabc4 libakonadi-kcal4 libakonadi-kde4
libakonadi-kmime4 libakonadi-notes4 libakonadi-socialutils4
libakonadiprotocolinternals1 libalgorithm-diff-perl
libalgorithm-diff-xs-perl libalgorithm-merge-perl libanalitza5abi1
libanalitzagui5abi1 libanalitzaplot5abi1 libao-common libao4 libapr1
libaprutil1 libastro1 libattica0.4 libavcodec54 libavformat54 libavogadro1
libavutil52 libbaloocore4 libbaloofiles4 libbaloopim4 libbaloowidgets4
libbalooxapian4 libblas3 libboost-program-options1.54.0
libboost-python1.54.0 libboost-thread1.54.0 libcalendarsupport4 libcdt5
libcfitsio3 libcgraph6 libck-connector0 libcln6 libcomposereditorng4
libdiscid0 libdlrestrictions1 libdmtx0a libencode-locale-perl libepub0
libestools2.1 libeventviews4 libfakeroot libfftw3-double3
libfile-listing-perl libfont-afm-perl libftdi1 libgadu3 libgfortran3 libgif4
libgl2ps0 libgle3 libgpgme++2 libgps20 libgrantlee-core0 libgrantlee-gui0
libgsl0ldbl libgsm1 libgvc6 libgvpr2 libhtml-form-perl libhtml-format-perl
libhtml-parser-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
libhttp-cookies-perl libhttp-daemon-perl libhttp-date-perl
libhttp-message-perl libhttp-negotiate-perl libilmbase6
libincidenceeditorsng4 libindi-data libindi0c libindicate-qt1 libindicate5
libio-html-perl libjpeg-progs libjpeg-turbo-progs libjs-jquery
libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore libkabc4 libkactivities-bin
libkactivities-models1 libkactivities6 libkalarmcal2
libkasten2controllers2abi1 libkasten2core2 libkasten2gui2
libkasten2okteta1controllers1abi1 libkasten2okteta1core1
libkasten2okteta1gui1 libkateinterfaces4 libkatepartinterfaces4 libkblog4
libkcal4 libkcalcore4 libkcalutils4 libkcddb4 libkcmutils4 libkcompactdisc4
libkdcraw-data libkdcraw23 libkde3support4 libkdeclarative5
libkdecorations4abi1 libkdecore5 libkdeedu-data libkdegames6 libkdepim4
libkdepimdbusinterfaces4 libkdesu5 libkdeui5 libkdewebkit5 libkdgantt2-0
libkdnssd4 libkeduvocdocument4 libkemoticons4 libkephal4abi1 libkexiv2-11
libkexiv2-data libkfbapi1 libkfile4 libkfilemetadata4 libkgapi2-2
libkholidays4 libkhtml5 libkidletime4 libkimap4 libkio5 libkipi-data
libkipi11 libkiten4abi1 libkjsapi4 libkjsembed4 libkldap4 libkleo4
libkmahjongglib4 libkmanagesieve4 libkmbox4 libkmediaplayer4 libkmime4
libknewstuff2-4 libknewstuff3-4 libknotifyconfig4 libkntlm4 libkolab0
libkolabxml1 libkomparediff2-4 libkonq-common libkonq5-templates
libkonq5abi1 libkonqsidebarplugin4a libkontactinterface4 libkopete4
libkparts4 libkpgp4 libkpimidentities4 libkpimtextedit4 libkpimutils4
libkprintutils4 libkpty4 libkresources4 libkrosscore4 libkrossui4
libksane-data libksane0 libksba8 libkscreen1 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4
libksieve4 libksieveui4 libksignalplotter4 libktexteditor4 libktnef4
libktorrent5 libkubuntu0 libkunitconversion4 libkwineffects1abi4
libkwinglesutils1 libkwinglutils1abi3 libkworkspace4abi2 libkxmlrpcclient4
liblapack3 liblightdm-qt-3-0 liblqr-1-0 liblwp-mediatypes-perl
liblwp-protocol-https-perl libmagickcore5 libmagickcore5-extra
libmagickwand5 libmailcommon4 libmailimporter4 libmailtransport4
libmarblewidget18 libmediastreamer-base3 libmessagecomposer4 libmessagecore4
libmessagelist4 libmessageviewer4 libmicroblog4 libmms0 libmodemmanagerqt1
libmp3lame0 libmsn0.3 libmusicbrainz3-6 libmusicbrainz5-0 libmysqlclient18
libnepomuk4 libnepomukcleaner4 libnepomukcore4abi1 libnepomukquery4a
libnepomukutils4 libnet-http-perl libnetpbm10 libnetworkmanagerqt1
libnoteshared4 libnova-0.14-0 libntrack-qt4-1 libntrack0 liboath0
libokteta1core1 libokteta1gui1 libokularcore4 libopenal-data libopenal1
libopenbabel4 libopenconnect2 libopencore-amrnb0 libopencore-amrwb0
libopenexr6 libopenjpeg2 libopus0 libortp9 libotr5 libpam-ck-connector
libpathplan4 libphonon4 libpimactivity4 libpimcommon4
libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4abi4
libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-1 libpoppler-qt4-4 libprison0
libprocesscore4abi1 libprocessui4a libptexenc1 libpth20
libqaccessibilityclient0 libqalculate5 libqalculate5-data libqapt2
libqapt2-runtime libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqextserialport1 libqgpgme1
libqhull6 libqimageblitz4 libqjson0 libqmobipocket1 libqoauth1 libqrencode3
libqt4-qt3support libqt4-sql-mysql libqtlocation1 libquazip0 libruby1.9.1
libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsendlater4 libserf-1-1 libshp1 libsignon-qt1
libsigsegv2 libsolid4 libsoprano4 libsox-fmt-alsa libsox-fmt-base libsox2
libsp1c2 libspandsp2 libsrtp0 libstdc++-4.8-dev libstreamanalyzer0
libstreams0 libsvn1 libswscale2 libsyndication4 libtaskmanager4abi5
libtelepathy-qt4-2 libtemplateparser4 libthreadweaver4 libtidy-0.99-0
libupnp6 libva1 libvirtodbc0 libwcs4 libweather-ion6 libwlocate0 libwww-perl
libwww-robotrules-perl libx264-142 libxcb-composite0 libxcb-damage0
libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-xtest0 libxerces-c3.1 libxml2-utils libxvidcore4
libyaml-0-2 libzip2 lightdm-kde-greeter lirc lmodern lokalize lskat luatex
marble marble-data marble-plugins mysql-client-core-5.5 mysql-common
mysql-server-core-5.5 nepomuk-core-data nepomuk-core-runtime netpbm
ntrack-module-libnl-0 odbcinst odbcinst1debian2 okteta okular optipng
oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme p7zip-full palapeli palapeli-data
parley parley-data phonon phonon-backend-gstreamer
phonon-backend-gstreamer-common phonon-backend-gstreamer1.0 picmi
pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 pkg-kde-tools plasma-containments-addons
plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop
plasma-desktopthemes-artwork plasma-netbook plasma-nm plasma-runners-addons
plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
plasma-wallpapers-addons plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-lancelot
plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-networkmanagement
plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace polkit-kde-1 poxml
python-avogadro python-beautifulsoup python-dateutil python-enchant
python-iniparse python-kde4 python-levenshtein python-numpy python-pyfits
python-qt4-sql python-simplejson python-utidylib python-vobject qapt-batch
qhull-bin qtdeclarative4-kqtquickcharts-1 rocs ruby ruby1.9.1 scdaemon
setserial sgml-data shared-desktop-ontologies soprano-daemon sound-icons sox
sp speech-dispatcher-festival step subversion svgpart sweeper systemsettings
tex-common texlive-base texlive-binaries texlive-latex-base
texlive-latex-base-doc texlive-luatex translate-toolkit ttf-dejavu-core
ttf-sjfonts umbrello update-notifier-kde valgrind virtuoso-minimal
virtuoso-opensource-6.1-bin virtuoso-opensource-6.1-common vorbis-tools
xscreensaver-data xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl
xscreensaver-gl-extra xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
是否可以使用命令从文件夹中安装这些 debian 文件？
注意：debian 文件可能不是最新版本。该文件夹有更多的 .deb 文件，我不想将它们全部添加到 apt 中。
什么支持网络安装？和“开箱即用”的作品在此页面中表示：
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HardwareSupportComponentsWirelessNetworkCardsDlink
网络安装是否意味着它支持创建网络连接？
我想复制一个键盘布局/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/并更改它，然后从中生成一个新布局。
如何添加新的键盘布局（例如命名为“mylayout”）？
更新#1：
我更改以添加新布局的文件：
/usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/irwinxp（最初与 相同ir）：// Iranian keyboard layout //////////////////////////////////////// // Persian layout, // based on // Information Technology – Layout of Persian Letters and Symbols on Computer Keyboards // ISIRI 9147 – 1st Edition // Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran // http://www.isiri.org/UserStd/DownloadStd.aspx?id=9147 // http://behnam.esfahbod.info/standards/isiri-keyboard-9147.pdf // // Author: Behnam Esfahbod <[email protected]> // default partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "pes" { name[Group1]= "Persian"; include "ir(pes_part_basic)" include "ir(pes_part_ext)" include "nbsp(zwnj2nb3nnb4)" include "level3(ralt_switch)" }; partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "pes_keypad" { name[Group1]= "Persian (with Persian Keypad)"; include "ir(pes_part_basic)" include "ir(pes_part_keypad)" include "nbsp(zwnj2nb3nnb4)" include "level3(ralt_switch)" }; partial hidden alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "pes_part_basic" { // Persian digits key <AE01> { [ Farsi_1, exclam, grave ] }; key <AE02> { [ Farsi_2, 0x100066c, at ] }; key <AE03> { [ Farsi_3, 0x100066b, numbersign ] }; key <AE04> { [ Farsi_4, 0x100fdfc, dollar ] }; key <AE05> { [ Farsi_5, 0x100066a, percent ] }; key <AE06> { [ Farsi_6, multiply, asciicircum ] }; key <AE07> { [ Farsi_7, Arabic_comma, ampersand ] }; key <AE08> { [ Farsi_8, asterisk, enfilledcircbullet ] }; key <AE09> { [ Farsi_9, parenright, 0x100200e ] }; key <AE10> { [ Farsi_0, parenleft, 0x100200f ] }; // Persian letters and symbols key <AD01> { [ Arabic_dad, Arabic_fathatan, degree ] }; // 2: Arabic_sukun key <AD02> { [ Arabic_sad, Arabic_dammatan, VoidSymbol ] }; // 2: Arabic_dammatan key <AD03> { [ Arabic_theh, Arabic_kasratan, 0x13a4 ] }; // 2: Arabic_kasratan key <AD04> { [ Arabic_qaf, Arabic_fathatan, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AD05> { [ Arabic_feh, Arabic_comma, VoidSymbol ] }; // 2: Arabic_damma key <AD06> { [ Arabic_ghain, Arabic_semicolon, VoidSymbol ] }; // 2: Arabic_kasra key <AD07> { [ Arabic_ain, Arabic_fatha, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AD08> { [ Arabic_heh, Arabic_hamza_above, 0x100202d ] }; // 2: Arabic_shadda key <AD09> { [ Arabic_khah, bracketright, 0x100202e ] }; key <AD10> { [ Arabic_hah, bracketleft, 0x100202c ] }; key <AD11> { [ Arabic_jeem, braceright, 0x100202a ] }; key <AD12> { [ Arabic_tcheh, braceleft, 0x100202b ] }; key <AC01> { [ Arabic_sheen, Arabic_fatha, VoidSymbol ] }; // 2: Arabic_hamzaonwaw key <AC02> { [ Arabic_seen, Arabic_damma, VoidSymbol ] }; // 2: Arabic_hamzaonyeh key <AC03> { [ Farsi_yeh, Arabic_kasra, Arabic_alefmaksura ] }; // 2: Arabic_yeh key <AC04> { [ Arabic_beh, Arabic_shadda, VoidSymbol ] }; // 1: Arabic_hamzaunderalef key <AC05> { [ Arabic_lam, 0x10006c0, VoidSymbol ] };// 2: Arabic_hamzaonalef key <AC06> { [ Arabic_alef, Arabic_maddaonalef, 0x1000671 ] }; key <AC07> { [ Arabic_teh, Arabic_tehmarbuta, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AC08> { [ Arabic_noon, guillemotright, 0x100fd3e ] }; key <AC09> { [ Arabic_meem, guillemotleft, 0x100fd3f ] }; key <AC10> { [ Arabic_keheh, colon, semicolon ] }; key <AC11> { [ Arabic_gaf, quotedbl, quotedbl ] }; // 2: Arabic_semicolon key <AB01> { [ Arabic_zah, Arabic_kaf, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AB02> { [ Arabic_tah, 0x1000653, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AB03> { [ Arabic_zain, Arabic_jeh, VoidSymbol ] }; key <AB04> { [ Arabic_ra, Arabic_hamzaonwaw ,0x1000656 ] }; // 2: Arabic_superscript_alef ٰ key <AB05> { [ Arabic_thal, 0x100200c, 0x100200d ] }; key <AB06> { [ Arabic_dal, Arabic_hamza_above, Arabic_hamza_below ] }; key <AB07> { [ Arabic_hamzaonyeh, Arabic_hamza, ellipsis ] }; // 1: Arabic_peh key <AB08> { [ Arabic_waw, greater, comma ] }; key <AB09> { [ period, less, apostrophe ] }; key <AB10> { [ slash, Arabic_question_mark, question ] }; key <TLDE> { [ 0x100200d, division, asciitilde ] }; key <AE11> { [ minus, Arabic_tatweel, underscore ] }; key <AE12> { [ equal, plus, 0x1002212 ] }; key <BKSL> { [ Arabic_peh, bar, 0x1002010 ] }; // 1: backslash }; partial hidden alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "pes_part_ext" { // Persian and ASCII digits key <AE01> { [ 0x10006f1, exclam, grave, 1 ] }; key <AE02> { [ 0x10006f2, 0x100066c, at, 2 ] }; key <AE03> { [ 0x10006f3, 0x100066b, numbersign, 3 ] }; key <AE04> { [ 0x10006f4, 0x100fdfc, dollar, 4 ] }; key <AE05> { [ 0x10006f5, 0x100066a, percent, 5 ] }; key <AE06> { [ 0x10006f6, multiply, asciicircum, 6 ] }; key <AE07> { [ 0x10006f7, Arabic_comma, ampersand, 7 ] }; key <AE08> { [ 0x10006f8, asterisk, enfilledcircbullet, 8 ] }; key <AE09> { [ 0x10006f9, parenright, 0x100200e, 9 ] }; key <AE10> { [ 0x10006f0, parenleft, 0x100200f, 0 ] }; }; partial hidden alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "pes_part_keypad" { // Persian digits and Mathematical operators key <KPDV> { [ division, XF86_Ungrab ] }; key <KPMU> { [ multiply, XF86_ClearGrab ] }; key <KPSU> { [ 0x1002212, XF86_Prev_VMode ] }; key <KPAD> { [ plus, XF86_Next_VMode ] }; key <KPEN> { [ KP_Enter ] }; key <KPEQ> { [ equal ] }; key <KP7> { [ KP_Home, 0x10006f7 ] }; key <KP8> { [ KP_Up, 0x10006f8 ] }; key <KP9> { [ KP_Prior, 0x10006f9 ] }; key <KP4> { [ KP_Left, 0x10006f4 ] }; key <KP5> { [ KP_Begin, 0x10006f5 ] }; key <KP6> { [ KP_Right, 0x10006f6 ] }; key <KP1> { [ KP_End, 0x10006f1 ] }; key <KP2> { [ KP_Down, 0x10006f2 ] }; key <KP3> { [ KP_Next, 0x10006f3 ] }; key <KP0> { [ KP_Insert, 0x10006f0 ] }; key <KPDL> { [ KP_Delete, 0x100066b ] }; }; //////////////////////////////////////// // Kurdish Layout partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "ku" { include "tr(ku)" name[Group1]= "Kurdish (Iran, Latin Q)"; }; partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "ku_f" { include "tr(ku_f)" name[Group1]= "Kurdish (Iran, F)"; }; partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "ku_alt" { include "tr(ku_alt)" name[Group1]= "Kurdish (Iran, Latin Alt-Q)"; }; //////////////////////////////////////// // Kurdish Soranî Bahdînî (Arabic) keyboard layout, // based on the Kurdî Soranî Bahdînî keyboard from KurdITGroup // which is based on National Iranian Keyboard Standard (ISIRI 2901:1994), // with additions. // // Copyright (C) 2006 Erdal Ronahî, published under the GPL v2 // // Special copyright note: author explicitly permitted to license this // layout under MIT/X11 license, for details see // https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9541 // // Author: Erdal Ronahî <[email protected]> // // Kurdish Arabic-Latin Layout for Soranî partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "ku_ara" { name[Group1]= "Kurdish (Iran, Arabic-Latin)"; // Other 3-Level symbols key <TLDE> { [ 0x100200d, division, asciitilde ] }; key <BKSL> { [ backslash, bar, ccedilla, Ccedilla ] }; // Digits key <AE01> { [ 1, exclam, 0x10006f1, grave ] }; key <AE02> { [ 2, at, 0x10006f2, at ] }; key <AE03> { [ 3, numbersign, 0x10006f3, 0x100066b ] }; key <AE04> { [ 4, dollar, 0x10006f4, 0x100fdfc ] }; key <AE05> { [ 5, percent, 0x10006f5, 0x100066a ] }; key <AE06> { [ 6, asciicircum, 0x10006f6, multiply ] }; key <AE07> { [ 7, ampersand, 0x10006f7, Arabic_comma ] }; key <AE08> { [ 8, asterisk, 0x10006f8, enfilledcircbullet ] }; key <AE09> { [ 9, parenright, 0x10006f9, 0x100200e ] }; key <AE10> { [ 0, parenleft, 0x10006f0, 0x100200f ] }; key <AE11> { [ minus, Arabic_tatweel, underscore ] }; key <AE12> { [ equal, plus, 0x1002212 ] }; key <AD01> { [ Arabic_qaf, X, q, Q ] }; key <AD02> { [ Arabic_waw, X, w, W ] }; key <AD03> { [ 0x10006d5, Arabic_heh, e, E ] }; key <AD04> { [ Arabic_ra , 0x1000695, r, R ] }; key <AD05> { [ Arabic_teh, Arabic_tah, t, T ] }; key <AD06> { [ 0x10006cc, 0x10006ce, y, Y ] }; key <AD07> { [ Arabic_hamzaonyeh, Arabic_hamza, u, U ] }; key <AD08> { [ Arabic_hah, Arabic_ain, i, I ] }; key <AD09> { [ 0x10006c6, Arabic_hamzaonwaw, o, O ] }; key <AD10> { [ 0x100067e, Arabic_theh, p, P ] }; key <AD11> { [ bracketright, braceright, ucircumflex, Ucircumflex ] }; key <AD12> { [ bracketleft, braceleft, scedilla, Scedilla ] }; key <AC01> { [ Arabic_alef, Arabic_maddaonalef, a, A ] }; key <AC02> { [ Arabic_seen, Arabic_sheen, s, S ] }; key <AC03> { [ Arabic_dal, Arabic_thal, d, D ] }; key <AC04> { [ Arabic_feh, Arabic_hamzaunderalef, f, F ] }; key <AC05> { [ 0x10006af, Arabic_ghain, g, G ] }; key <AC06> { [ Arabic_heh, 0x100200c, h, H ] }; key <AC07> { [ 0x1000698, Arabic_hamzaonalef, j, J ] }; key <AC08> { [ 0x10006a9, Arabic_kaf, k, K ] }; key <AC09> { [ Arabic_lam, 0x10006b5, l, L ] }; key <AC10> { [ Arabic_semicolon, colon, ecircumflex, Ecircumflex ] }; key <AC11> { [ apostrophe, quotedbl, icircumflex, Icircumflex ] }; key <AB01> { [ Arabic_zain, Arabic_dad, z, Z ] }; key <AB02> { [ Arabic_khah, Arabic_sad, x, X ] }; key <AB03> { [ Arabic_jeem, 0x1000686, c, C ] }; key <AB04> { [ 0x10006a4, Arabic_zah, v, V ] }; key <AB05> { [ Arabic_beh, 0x1000649, b, B ] }; key <AB06> { [ Arabic_noon, Arabic_tehmarbuta, n, N ] }; key <AB07> { [ Arabic_meem, Arabic_tatweel, m, M ] }; key <AB08> { [ Arabic_comma, greater, comma ] }; key <AB09> { [ period, less, apostrophe ] }; key <AB10> { [ slash, Arabic_question_mark, question ] }; include "nbsp(zwnj2nb3)" include "level3(ralt_switch)" }; // EXTRAS: ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Generated keyboard layout file with the Keyboard Layout Editor. // For more about the software, see http://code.google.com/p/keyboardlayouteditor // // Version 0.2, fixed AD09. // // Layout by Ernst Tremel, http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=9365469&postcount=32 // Creation of this file by Simos Xenitellis. partial alphanumeric_keys xkb_symbols "ave" { name[Group1] = "Avestan"; key <AB01> { [ U10B30, U10B32 ] }; // ? ? key <AB02> { [ U10B11, U10B12 ] }; // ? ? key <AB03> { [ U10B17, UE102 ] }; // ? key <AB04> { [ U10B2C, U10B13 ] }; // ? ? key <AB05> { [ U10B20, U10B21 ] }; // ? ? key <AB06> { [ U10B25, U10B27 ] }; // ? ? key <AB07> { [ U10B28, U10B29 ] }; // ? ? key <AB08> { [ U10B3C, U10B39 ] }; // ? ? key <AB09> { [ U10B3E, U10B3D ] }; // ? ? key <AB10> { [ U10B3F, periodcentered ] }; // ? · key <AC01> { [ U10B00, U10B01 ] }; // ? ? key <AC02> { [ U10B2F, U10B31 ] }; // ? ? key <AC03> { [ U10B1B, U10B1C ] }; // ? ? key <AC04> { [ U10B1F, U10B16 ] }; // ? ? key <AC05> { [ U10B14, U10B15 ] }; // ? ? key <AC06> { [ U10B35, UE100 ] }; // ? key <AC07> { [ U10B18, U10B24 ] }; // ? ? key <AC08> { [ U10B10, UE101 ] }; // ? key <AC09> { [ U10B2E, UE103 ] }; // ? key <AC10> { [ U10B3B, U10B3A ] }; // ? ? key <AC11> { [ U10B1D ] }; // ? key <AD01> { [ U10B22, U10B23 ] }; // ? ? key <AD02> { [ U10B33, U10B34 ] }; // ? ? key <AD03> { [ U10B08, U10B09 ] }; // ? ? key <AD04> { [ U10B2D, U10B26 ] }; // ? ? key <AD05> { [ U10B19, U10B1A ] }; // ? ? key <AD06> { [ U10B2B, U10B2A ] }; // ? ? key <AD07> { [ U10B0E, U10B0F ] }; // ? ? key <AD08> { [ U10B0C, U10B0D ] }; // ? ? key <AD09> { [ U10B0A, U10B0B ] }; // ? ? key <AD10> { [ U10B1E ] }; // ? key <AD11> { [ U10B06, U10B07 ] }; // ? ? key <AD12> { [ U10B02, U10B03 ] }; // ? ? key <AE01> { [ U10B78 ] }; // ? key <AE02> { [ U10B79 ] }; // ? key <AE03> { [ U10B7A ] }; // ? key <AE04> { [ U10B7B ] }; // ? key <AE05> { [ U10B7C ] }; // ? key <AE06> { [ U10B7D ] }; // ? key <AE07> { [ U10B7E ] }; // ? key <AE08> { [ U10B7F ] }; // ? key <BKSL> { [ U10B04, U10B05 ] }; // ? ? key <LSGT> { [ U10B04, U10B05 ] }; // ? ? };/usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev.xml包含所有修改的部分：... <layout> <configItem> <name>ir</name> <shortDescription>fa</shortDescription> <description>Persian</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>per</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> <variantList> <variant> <configItem> <name>pes_keypad</name> <description>Persian (with Persian Keypad)</description> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Latin Q)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_f</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, F)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_alt</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Latin Alt-Q)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_ara</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Arabic-Latin)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> </variantList> </layout> <layout> <configItem> <name>irwinxp</name> <shortDescription>fa</shortDescription> <description>Persian-WinXP</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>per</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> <variantList> <variant> <configItem> <name>pes_keypad</name> <description>Persian (with Persian Keypad)</description> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Latin Q)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_f</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, F)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_alt</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Latin Alt-Q)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> <variant> <configItem> <name>ku_ara</name> <shortDescription>ku</shortDescription> <description>Kurdish (Iran, Arabic-Latin)</description> <languageList> <iso639Id>kur</iso639Id> </languageList> </configItem> </variant> </variantList> </layout> <layout> <configItem> <name>iq</name> ...
但是现在，随着这些变化，新的Persian-WinXP布局不服从irwinxp并被irwinxp忽略了。而是ir控制Persian-WinXP.
更新#2：
Unity 对我的新布局有问题。新布局图标是深色的。但效果很好。
注意：我使用的是 Ubuntu 14.04。
我需要从以下位置删除这些软件包的 debian 文件/var/cache/apt/archives/：
attr cabextract fonts-horai-umefont fonts-unfonts-core fonts-wqy-microhei gcc-4.8-base gcc-4.9-base libasn1-8-heimdal libasound2 libasound2-plugins libasyncns0 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libc6 libcapi20-3 libcapi20-3 libcgmanager0 libcomerr2 libcups2 libdb5.3 libdbus-1-3 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libelf1 libexif12 libexpat1 libffi6 libflac8 libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 libgcc1 libgcrypt11 libgd3 libgif4 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglib2.0-0 libglu1-mesa libgnutls26 libgpg-error0 libgphoto2-6 libgphoto2-port10 libgpm2 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libhcrypto4-heimdal libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal libice6 libieee1284-3 libjack-jackd2-0 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libjson-c2 libk5crypto3 libkdc2-heimdal libkeyutils1 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblcms2-2 libldap-2.4-2 libllvm3.4 libltdl7 liblzma5 libmpg123-0 libmpg123-0 libncurses5 libnih-dbus1 libnih1 libodbc1 libogg0 libopenal1 liborc-0.4-0 libosmesa6 libosmesa6 libp11-kit-gnome-keyring libp11-kit0 libpciaccess0 libpcre3 libpng12-0 libpulse0 libroken18-heimdal libsamplerate0 libsane libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libselinux1 libsm6 libsndfile1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite3-0 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libtasn1-6 libtiff5 libtinfo5 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 libudev1 libusb-1.0-0 libuuid1 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvpx1 libwind0-heimdal libwrap0 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxau6 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxml2 libxpm4 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxslt1.1 libxt6 libxxf86vm1 ocl-icd-libopencl1 ocl-icd-libopencl1 p11-kit-modules p7zip python-dnspython samba samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools ttf-mscorefonts-installer ttf-wqy-microhei unixodbc winbind wine-gecko2.21 wine-gecko2.21 wine-mono0.0.8 wine1.6 wine1.6-amd64 wine1.6-i386 winetricks zlib1g glibc-doc locales isdnutils-doc isdnutils-doc rng-tools libgd-tools libglide3 gnutls-bin gphoto2 gtkam gpm krb5-doc krb5-user libvisual-0.4-plugins gstreamer-codec-install gnome-codec-install gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-plugins-base jackd2 liblcms2-utils libmyodbc odbc-postgresql tdsodbc unixodbc-bin libportaudio2 libroar-compat2 pulseaudio hplip hpoj libsane-extras libsasl2-modules-otp libsasl2-modules-ldap libsasl2-modules-sql libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit libsasl2-modules-gssapi-heimdal opencl-icd opencl-icd bind9 bind9utils ldb-tools ntp smbldap-tools libnss-winbind libpam-winbind dosbox xml-core unixodbc wine-mono0.0.8 attr cabextract fonts-horai-umefont fonts-unfonts-core fonts-wqy-microhei gcc-4.8-base gcc-4.9-base libasn1-8-heimdal libasound2 libasound2-plugins libasyncns0 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libc6 libcapi20-3 libcapi20-3 libcgmanager0 libcomerr2 libcups2 libdb5.3 libdbus-1-3 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libdrm2 libelf1 libexif12 libexpat1 libffi6 libflac8 libfontconfig1 libfreetype6 libgcc1 libgcrypt11 libgd3 libgif4 libgl1-mesa-dri libgl1-mesa-glx libglapi-mesa libglib2.0-0 libglu1-mesa libgnutls26 libgpg-error0 libgphoto2-6 libgphoto2-port10 libgpm2 libgssapi-krb5-2 libgssapi3-heimdal libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libhcrypto4-heimdal libhdb9-heimdal libheimbase1-heimdal libheimntlm0-heimdal libhx509-5-heimdal libice6 libieee1284-3 libjack-jackd2-0 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libjson-c2 libk5crypto3 libkdc2-heimdal libkeyutils1 libkrb5-26-heimdal libkrb5-3 libkrb5support0 liblcms2-2 libldap-2.4-2 libllvm3.4 libltdl7 liblzma5 libmpg123-0 libmpg123-0 libncurses5 libnih-dbus1 libnih1 libodbc1 libogg0 libopenal1 liborc-0.4-0 libosmesa6 libosmesa6 libp11-kit-gnome-keyring libp11-kit0 libpciaccess0 libpcre3 libpng12-0 libpulse0 libroken18-heimdal libsamplerate0 libsane libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libselinux1 libsm6 libsndfile1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite3-0 libssl1.0.0 libstdc++6 libtasn1-6 libtiff5 libtinfo5 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 libudev1 libusb-1.0-0 libuuid1 libv4l-0 libv4lconvert0 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libvpx1 libwind0-heimdal libwrap0 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxau6 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0 libxcb-present0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxdmcp6 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxml2 libxpm4 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxslt1.1 libxt6 libxxf86vm1 ocl-icd-libopencl1 ocl-icd-libopencl1 p11-kit-modules p7zip python-dnspython samba samba-dsdb-modules samba-vfs-modules tdb-tools ttf-mscorefonts-installer ttf-wqy-microhei unixodbc winbind wine wine-gecko2.21 wine-gecko2.21 wine-mono0.0.8 wine1.6 wine1.6-amd64 wine1.6-i386 winetricks zlib1g
我如何使用命令执行此操作？