我曾经ffmpeg
安装在我的系统上,但不知何故——我不知道如何或何时——它被卸载了。所以,我尝试ffmpeg
通过 Synaptic 安装。但是当我将其标记为安装时,它会出现红色感叹号,表示包损坏。
当我研究这个时,我还发现在过去的几天里,我的系统说我有三个“保留”的包,虽然系统说它们已经准备好更新,但它们从来没有更新过。这三个包是:
libavcodec58
libavutil56
libswresample3
sudo apt list –upgradable
给出这个结果:
libavcodec58/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]
libavutil56/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]
libswresample3/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]
sudo apt upgrade
给出这个结果:
The following packages have been kept back:
libavutil56 libswresample3
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
我的想法是卸载这三个包,然后尝试重新安装它们,但是……我没有这样做,通过 Synaptic 卸载其中的任何一个都给了我一条消息,一长串包也将被卸载 –基本上,我拥有的每个多媒体应用程序,例如 Audacity、VLC 等。
我一直在这个网站和其他网站上阅读很多其他人的问题的答案,但不幸的是,它们都让我更加困惑什么是错的和该怎么做。所以,我转向这里寻求帮助。
为什么我无法升级这三个包?我该如何解决这个问题?
如何ffmpeg
从 Synaptic 安装而不会收到损坏的包错误消息?
输出sudo apt-get --reinstall install libavcodec58 libavutil56 libswresample3
:
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libavcodec58 : Depends: libx264-155 but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
输出apt-cache policy libavcodec58 libavutil56 libswresample3
:
libavcodec58:
Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
Version table:
7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
*** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libavutil56:
Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
Version table:
7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
*** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libswresample3:
Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
Version table:
7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
*** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
sudo apt upgrade 的输出:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
libavutil56 libswresample3
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.
sudo apt update 的输出:
Ign:1 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge InRelease
Ign:2 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:3 https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial InRelease
Hit:4 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease
Hit:6 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge Release
Hit:7 https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com bionic InRelease
Hit:8 https://headsetapp.co/headset-electron/debian stable InRelease
Hit:9 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/stevenpusser/xUbuntu_18.04 InRelease
Hit:10 http://download.onlyoffice.com/repo/debian squeeze InRelease
Hit:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:12 https://www.collaboraoffice.com/repos/CollaboraOnline/CODE-ubuntu1804 ./ InRelease
Hit:13 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network:/messaging:/xmpp:/dino/xUbuntu_18.04 InRelease
Hit:14 http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease
Hit:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease
Hit:16 https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian bionic InRelease
Hit:17 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu bionic Release
Hit:19 http://ppa.launchpad.net/morphis/anbox-support/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:20 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-bionic InRelease
Hit:21 https://repo.skype.com/deb stable InRelease
Hit:23 http://ppa.launchpad.net/agornostal/ulauncher/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:24 https://ocean.surfshark.com/debian stretch InRelease
Ign:25 http://repo.vivaldi.com/stable/deb stable InRelease
Hit:27 http://repo.vivaldi.com/stable/deb stable Release
Hit:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net/alexlarsson/flatpak/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:29 http://ppa.launchpad.net/andreasbutti/xournalpp-master/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:30 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:31 http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable InRelease
Hit:32 http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bionic InRelease
Hit:33 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/atareao/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:34 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable InRelease
Hit:35 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/telegram/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:36 https://mega.nz/linux/MEGAsync/xUbuntu_18.04 ./ InRelease [2,473 B]
Hit:37 https://linux.teamviewer.com/deb stable InRelease
Hit:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/audio-recorder/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:39 https://linux.teamviewer.com/deb preview InRelease
Hit:40 http://shop.softmaker.com/repo/apt wheezy InRelease
Hit:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/bit-team/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:43 https://wire-app.wire.com/linux/debian stable InRelease
Hit:44 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybolic/vineyard-testing/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:45 http://ppa.launchpad.net/danielrichter2007/grub-customizer/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:46 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease [17.1 kB]
Hit:48 http://ppa.launchpad.net/diesch/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:49 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gerardpuig/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:18 https://packagecloud.io/firstlookmedia/code/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:50 http://ppa.launchpad.net/i2p-maintainers/i2p/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:51 http://ppa.launchpad.net/maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:52 http://ppa.launchpad.net/mikhailnov/pulseeffects/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:54 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nextcloud-devs/client/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:22 https://packages.riot.im/debian bionic InRelease
Hit:55 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:56 http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/apps/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:57 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openshot.developers/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:58 http://ppa.launchpad.net/peek-developers/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:59 http://ppa.launchpad.net/phoerious/keepassxc/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:60 http://ppa.launchpad.net/photoflare/photoflare-stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:61 http://ppa.launchpad.net/psi-plus/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:62 http://ppa.launchpad.net/rvm/smplayer/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:63 http://ppa.launchpad.net/sandromani/gimagereader/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:64 http://ppa.launchpad.net/stebbins/handbrake-releases/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:65 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76-dev/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease [15.4 kB]
Hit:66 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:67 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thomas.tsai/ubuntu-tuxboot/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:68 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:69 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/cantata-qt/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:70 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/corebird/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:71 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ufleisch/kid3/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:72 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:73 http://ppa.launchpad.net/yg-jensge/shotwell/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:74 http://ppa.launchpad.net/yktooo/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Fetched 35.0 kB in 13s (2,664 B/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
3 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.