user2740's questions

我想在我的 ubuntu 机器上安装 ubuntu 作为虚拟机。宿主系统的版本是：Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS 我要安装的iso是：ubuntu-18.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso 所以我下载了vmplayer并运行：

sudo bash VMware-Player-15.5.1-15018445.x86_64.bundle

当我vmplayer在终端运行时，我得到

[AppLoader] Use shipped Linux kernel AIO access library.
An up-to-date "libaio" or "libaio1" package from your system is preferred.
[AppLoader] Use shipped Linux kernel AIO access library.
An up-to-date "libaio" or "libaio1" package from your system is preferred.
I/O warning : failed to load external entity "/etc/vmware/hostd/proxy.xml"

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:11:09.896: Inserting action group 'Base' into UI manager which already has a group with this name

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:11:09.896: Inserting action group 'WindowActions' into UI manager which already has a group with this name

我选择“创建新虚拟机”，填写所有内容，选择/home/me/vmware/Ubuntu 64-bit位置。我选择 10GB 磁盘容量和“将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件”。

终端上有更多输出：

Unknown file type (unallocated) /home/t/vmware/Ubuntu 64-bit/boot/.. - ignoring and continuing.
Size of boot image is 4 sectors -> No emulation
 18.55% done, estimate finish Sun Mar  1 19:15:37 2020
 37.01% done, estimate finish Sun Mar  1 19:15:37 2020
 55.54% done, estimate finish Sun Mar  1 19:15:37 2020
 74.01% done, estimate finish Sun Mar  1 19:15:37 2020
 92.51% done, estimate finish Sun Mar  1 19:15:37 2020
Total translation table size: 2048
Total rockridge attributes bytes: 0
Total directory bytes: 4380
Path table size(bytes): 40
Max brk space used 0
27033 extents written (52 MB)

现在，当我启动机器（“开机”）时，窗口关闭，终端显示（总是从 1 到 5）：

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-0: missing action removable-device-0

...

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-5: missing action removable-device-5

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-0-choose-image: missing action removable-device-0-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-0-edit: missing action removable-device-0-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-1-choose-image: missing action removable-device-1-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-1-edit: missing action removable-device-1-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-2-choose-image: missing action removable-device-2-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-2-edit: missing action removable-device-2-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-3-connect: missing action removable-device-3-connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-3-nic-bridged: missing action removable-device-3-nic-bridged

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-3-nic-nat: missing action removable-device-3-nic-nat

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-3-nic-host-only: missing action removable-device-3-nic-host-only

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-3-edit: missing action removable-device-3-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-4connect: missing action removable-device-4connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-4-edit: missing action removable-device-4-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-5connect: missing action removable-device-5connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.867: removable-device-5-edit: missing action removable-device-5-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-0: missing action removable-device-0

...

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-5: missing action removable-device-5

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-0-choose-image: missing action removable-device-0-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-0-edit: missing action removable-device-0-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-1-choose-image: missing action removable-device-1-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-1-edit: missing action removable-device-1-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-2-choose-image: missing action removable-device-2-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-2-edit: missing action removable-device-2-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-3-connect: missing action removable-device-3-connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-3-nic-bridged: missing action removable-device-3-nic-bridged

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-3-nic-nat: missing action removable-device-3-nic-nat

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-3-nic-host-only: missing action removable-device-3-nic-host-only

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-3-edit: missing action removable-device-3-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-4connect: missing action removable-device-4connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-4-edit: missing action removable-device-4-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-5connect: missing action removable-device-5connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.868: removable-device-5-edit: missing action removable-device-5-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.870: removable-device-0: missing action removable-device-0

...

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-5: missing action removable-device-5

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-0-choose-image: missing action removable-device-0-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-0-edit: missing action removable-device-0-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-1-choose-image: missing action removable-device-1-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-1-edit: missing action removable-device-1-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-2-choose-image: missing action removable-device-2-choose-image

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-2-edit: missing action removable-device-2-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-3-connect: missing action removable-device-3-connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-3-nic-bridged: missing action removable-device-3-nic-bridged

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-3-nic-nat: missing action removable-device-3-nic-nat

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-3-nic-host-only: missing action removable-device-3-nic-host-only

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-3-edit: missing action removable-device-3-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-4connect: missing action removable-device-4connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-4-edit: missing action removable-device-4-edit

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-5connect: missing action removable-device-5connect

(vmplayer:19995): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:17:27.871: removable-device-5-edit: missing action removable-device-5-edit

在 Xournal++ 我想使用Tools->Add/Edit Tex但我得到了

在 PATH 中找不到 kpsewhich；请安装 kpsewhich 并将其放在路径上。

我检查了，它已安装

$ whereis kpsewhich
kpsewhich: /usr/bin/kpsewhich /usr/share/man/man1/kpsewhich.1.gz

但是在

$ PATH=$PATH:/usr/bin/kpsewhich:/usr/share/man/man1/kpsewhich.1.gz
$ xournalpp

我仍然收到上面的错误消息。

更新：
我检查echo $PATH并/usr/bin已经在路上。

我想执行一个以

library(dplyr)  
library(lubridate)  
library(ggplot2)  

我从常规开始r-base-core并r-cran-lubridate安装。我有：

Error in mutate_impl(.data, dots) : 
  Evaluation error: `as_dictionary()` is defunct as of rlang 0.3.0.
Please use `as_data_pronoun()` instead.

（代码本身没有使用mutate_impl它似乎是这个问题https://github.com/r-lib/rlang/issues/674，建议更新dplyr

r 版本R version 3.4.4 (2018-03-15)适用于 dplyr 我不知道如何找到。

所以我改变了其他地方描述的来源：添加deb https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/到/etc/apt/sources.list

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base
sudo apt-get install r-cran-dplyr
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 r-cran-dplyr : Depends: r-api-3.4
                Depends: r-cran-assertthat but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-bindrcpp (>= 0.2) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-glue (>= 1.1.1) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-magrittr but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-pkgconfig but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-rlang (>= 0.1.2) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-r6 but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-rcpp (>= 0.12.7) but it is not going to be installed
                Depends: r-cran-tibble (>= 1.3.1) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

我跑了

sudo apt-get remove r-*
sudo apt-get clean
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install r-base
sudo apt-get install r-cran-dplyr

但没有任何改变。
从 R shell 中安装它也不起作用：

> install.packages("dplyr")
Installing package into ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
also installing the dependencies ‘pillar’, ‘purrr’, ‘bindrcpp’, ‘tibble’, ‘tidyselect’

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/pillar_1.3.0.tar.gz'...
downloaded 100 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/purrr_0.2.5.tar.gz'...
downloaded 123 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/bindrcpp_0.2.2.tar.gz'...
downloaded 10212 bytes

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/tibble_1.4.2.tar.gz'...
downloaded 107 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/tidyselect_0.2.5.tar.gz'...
downloaded 21 KB

trying URL 'https://cloud.r-project.org/src/contrib/dplyr_0.7.8.tar.gz'...
downloaded 702 KB

* installing *source* package ‘pillar’ ...
** package ‘pillar’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** R
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error : package ‘rlang’ was installed by an R version with different internals; it needs to be reinstalled for use with this R version
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package ‘pillar’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/pillar’
* installing *source* package ‘bindrcpp’ ...
** package ‘bindrcpp’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** libs
g++  -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -I. -I"/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/plogr/include" -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"    -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-oUvOgu/r-base-3.5.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c RcppExports.cpp -o RcppExports.o
g++  -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -I. -I"/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/plogr/include" -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"    -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-oUvOgu/r-base-3.5.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c create.cpp -o create.o
g++  -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -I. -I"/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/plogr/include" -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"    -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-oUvOgu/r-base-3.5.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c plogr.cpp -o plogr.o
g++  -I"/usr/share/R/include" -DNDEBUG -I../inst/include -I. -I"/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/plogr/include" -I"/usr/local/lib/R/site-library/Rcpp/include"    -fpic  -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/r-base-oUvOgu/r-base-3.5.1=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -g  -c test.cpp -o test.o
g++ -shared -L/usr/lib/R/lib -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -o bindrcpp.so RcppExports.o create.o plogr.o test.o -L/usr/lib/R/lib -lR
installing to /home/t/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/bindrcpp/libs
** R
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error : package ‘Rcpp’ was installed by an R version with different internals; it needs to be reinstalled for use with this R version
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package ‘bindrcpp’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/bindrcpp’
ERROR: dependency ‘pillar’ is not available for package ‘tibble’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/tibble’
ERROR: dependency ‘tibble’ is not available for package ‘purrr’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/purrr’
ERROR: dependency ‘purrr’ is not available for package ‘tidyselect’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/tidyselect’
ERROR: dependencies ‘bindrcpp’, ‘tibble’, ‘tidyselect’ are not available for package ‘dplyr’
* removing ‘/home/_/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.5/dplyr’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/Rtmpxim56P/downloaded_packages’
Warning messages:
1: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘pillar’ had non-zero exit status
2: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘bindrcpp’ had non-zero exit status
3: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘tibble’ had non-zero exit status
4: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘purrr’ had non-zero exit status
5: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘tidyselect’ had non-zero exit status
6: In install.packages("dplyr") :
  installation of package ‘dplyr’ had non-zero exit status
> 

我有一个服务器server.name。带文件夹/home/user229472/folder

我可以像这样使用 ssh：

ssh [email protected]
cd folder
... 

scp 也可以：

scp [email protected]:folder/file.txt .

但我不能直接 ssh 进入folder：

ssh [email protected]:folder
ssh: Could not resolve hostname server.name:folder: Name or service not known

我尝试了很多变化，但没有一个有效：

 ssh [email protected]:22
 ssh [email protected]/
 ssh [email protected]/home/
 ssh [email protected]/home/user229472
 ssh [email protected]:/home
 ssh [email protected]:/home/
 ssh [email protected]:/home/user229472/folder
 ssh [email protected]:/folder
 ssh [email protected]:folder