问题[ruby](ubuntu)

完成从 18.04 升级到 20.04，我安装了 Redmine，完成升级后，Redmine 停止了。

当我尝试访问时，出现错误：

Could not find concurrent-ruby-1.1.9 in any of the sources (Bundler::GemNotFound)

错误的回溯：

/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/spec_set.rb:86:in `block in materialize'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/spec_set.rb:80:in `map!'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/spec_set.rb:80:in `materialize'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/definition.rb:170:in `specs'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/definition.rb:237:in `specs_for'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/definition.rb:226:in `requested_specs'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/runtime.rb:101:in `block in definition_method'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/runtime.rb:20:in `setup'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler.rb:149:in `setup'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/setup.rb:20:in `block in <top (required)>'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/ui/shell.rb:136:in `with_level'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/ui/shell.rb:88:in `silence'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/bundler/setup.rb:20:in `<top (required)>'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:92:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/2.7.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:92:in `require'
/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:365:in `activate_gem'
/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:221:in `block in run_load_path_setup_code'
/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:529:in `running_bundler'
/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:220:in `run_load_path_setup_code'
/usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:91:in `preload_app'
/usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:189:in `block in <module:App>'
/usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:382:in `run_block_and_record_step_progress'
/usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:188:in `<module:App>'
/usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:30:in `<module:PhusionPassenger>'
/usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:29:in `<main>'

当我运行捆绑安装时，看起来一切正常：

Your Gemfile lists the gem redmine_crm (>= 0) more than once.
You should probably keep only one of them.
Remove any duplicate entries and specify the gem only once.
While it's not a problem now, it could cause errors if you change the version of one of them later.
Using rake 13.0.6
Using concurrent-ruby 1.1.9
Using i18n 0.7.0
Using minitest 5.14.4
Using thread_safe 0.3.6
Using tzinfo 1.2.9
Using activesupport 5.2.3
Using builder 3.2.4
Using erubi 1.10.0
Using mini_portile2 2.4.0
Using nokogiri 1.10.10
Using rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
Using crass 1.0.6
Using loofah 2.12.0
Using rails-html-sanitizer 1.3.0
Using actionview 5.2.3
Using rack 2.2.3
Using rack-test 1.1.0
Using actionpack 5.2.3
Using nio4r 2.5.8
Using websocket-extensions 0.1.5
Using websocket-driver 0.7.5
Using actioncable 5.2.3
Using globalid 0.5.2
Using activejob 5.2.3
Using mini_mime 1.0.3
Using mail 2.7.1
Using actionmailer 5.2.3
Using method_source 1.0.0
Using thor 1.1.0
Using railties 5.2.3
Using actionpack-xml_parser 2.0.1
Using activemodel 5.2.3
Using arel 9.0.0
Using activerecord 5.2.3
Using mimemagic 0.3.10
Using marcel 0.3.3
Using activestorage 5.2.3
Using public_suffix 4.0.6
Using addressable 2.8.0
Using bundler 2.2.25
Using css_parser 1.10.0
Using csv 3.0.9
Using htmlentities 4.3.4
Using liquid 2.6.3
Using mysql2 0.5.3
Using net-ldap 0.16.3
Using ruby-openid 2.3.0
Using rack-openid 1.4.2
Using sprockets 4.0.2
Using sprockets-rails 3.2.2
Using rails 5.2.3
Using rbpdf-font 1.19.1
Using rbpdf 1.19.8
Using redcarpet 3.4.0
Using rubyzip 2.3.2
Using redmine_crm 0.0.55
Using request_store 1.0.5
Using rmagick 2.16.0
Using roadie 3.5.1
Using roadie-rails 1.3.0
Using rouge 3.3.0
Bundle complete! 29 Gemfile dependencies, 62 gems now installed.
Gems in the groups 'development', 'teste', 'test', 'postgresql' and 'sqlite' were not installed.
Use `bundle info [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

如果我检查它丢失的宝石：

* concurrent-ruby (1.1.9)
        Summary: Modern concurrency tools for Ruby. Inspired by Erlang, Clojure, Scala, Haskell, F#, C#, Java, and classic concurrency patterns.
        Homepage: http://www.concurrent-ruby.com
        Source Code: https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby
        Changelog: https://github.com/ruby-concurrency/concurrent-ruby/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md
        Path: /usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0/gems/concurrent-ruby-1.1.9

所以看起来 Redmine 它正在寻找 ruby​​ 2.7.0 文件夹中的宝石，而我在 2.5.0 文件夹中有宝石。

如果这是问题所在，我该怎么办？强制redmine使用ruby 2.5，看起来他最好的方法？或者强制gems安装在2.7版本，如果是这样，怎么办？删除 2.5，如果我运行 bundle install 它可以完成工作吗？

当前的 GemFile.Lock：

GEM
  remote: https://rubygems.org/
  specs:
    actioncable (5.2.3)
      actionpack (= 5.2.3)
      nio4r (~> 2.0)
      websocket-driver (>= 0.6.1)
    actionmailer (5.2.3)
      actionpack (= 5.2.3)
      actionview (= 5.2.3)
      activejob (= 5.2.3)
      mail (~> 2.5, >= 2.5.4)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
    actionpack (5.2.3)
      actionview (= 5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      rack (~> 2.0)
      rack-test (>= 0.6.3)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
    actionpack-xml_parser (2.0.1)
      actionpack (>= 5.0)
      railties (>= 5.0)
    actionview (5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      builder (~> 3.1)
      erubi (~> 1.4)
      rails-dom-testing (~> 2.0)
      rails-html-sanitizer (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.3)
    activejob (5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      globalid (>= 0.3.6)
    activemodel (5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
    activerecord (5.2.3)
      activemodel (= 5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      arel (>= 9.0)
    activestorage (5.2.3)
      actionpack (= 5.2.3)
      activerecord (= 5.2.3)
      marcel (~> 0.3.1)
    activesupport (5.2.3)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0, >= 1.0.2)
      i18n (>= 0.7, < 2)
      minitest (~> 5.1)
      tzinfo (~> 1.1)
    addressable (2.8.0)
      public_suffix (>= 2.0.2, < 5.0)
    arel (9.0.0)
    builder (3.2.4)
    capybara (2.18.0)
      addressable
      mini_mime (>= 0.1.3)
      nokogiri (>= 1.3.3)
      rack (>= 1.0.0)
      rack-test (>= 0.5.4)
      xpath (>= 2.0, < 4.0)
    childprocess (3.0.0)
    concurrent-ruby (1.1.9)
    crass (1.0.6)
    css_parser (1.10.0)
      addressable
    csv (3.0.9)
    docile (1.1.5)
    erubi (1.10.0)
    globalid (0.5.2)
      activesupport (>= 5.0)
    htmlentities (4.3.4)
    i18n (0.7.0)
    json (2.5.1)
    liquid (2.6.3)
    loofah (2.12.0)
      crass (~> 1.0.2)
      nokogiri (>= 1.5.9)
    mail (2.7.1)
      mini_mime (>= 0.1.1)
    marcel (0.3.3)
      mimemagic (~> 0.3.2)
    method_source (1.0.0)
    mimemagic (0.3.10)
      nokogiri (~> 1)
      rake
    mini_mime (1.0.3)
    mini_portile2 (2.4.0)
    minitest (5.14.4)
    mocha (1.13.0)
    mysql2 (0.5.3)
    net-ldap (0.16.3)
    nio4r (2.5.8)
    nokogiri (1.10.10)
      mini_portile2 (~> 2.4.0)
    public_suffix (4.0.6)
    puma (3.12.6)
    rack (2.2.3)
    rack-openid (1.4.2)
      rack (>= 1.1.0)
      ruby-openid (>= 2.1.8)
    rack-test (1.1.0)
      rack (>= 1.0, < 3)
    rails (5.2.3)
      actioncable (= 5.2.3)
      actionmailer (= 5.2.3)
      actionpack (= 5.2.3)
      actionview (= 5.2.3)
      activejob (= 5.2.3)
      activemodel (= 5.2.3)
      activerecord (= 5.2.3)
      activestorage (= 5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      bundler (>= 1.3.0)
      railties (= 5.2.3)
      sprockets-rails (>= 2.0.0)
    rails-dom-testing (2.0.3)
      activesupport (>= 4.2.0)
      nokogiri (>= 1.6)
    rails-html-sanitizer (1.3.0)
      loofah (~> 2.3)
    railties (5.2.3)
      actionpack (= 5.2.3)
      activesupport (= 5.2.3)
      method_source
      rake (>= 0.8.7)
      thor (>= 0.19.0, < 2.0)
    rake (13.0.6)
    rbpdf (1.19.8)
      htmlentities
      rbpdf-font (~> 1.19.0)
    rbpdf-font (1.19.1)
    redcarpet (3.4.0)
    redmine_crm (0.0.55)
      liquid (< 2.6.4)
      rails
      rubyzip
    request_store (1.0.5)
    rmagick (2.16.0)
    roadie (3.5.1)
      css_parser (~> 1.4)
      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
    roadie-rails (1.3.0)
      railties (>= 3.0, < 5.3)
      roadie (~> 3.1)
    rouge (3.3.0)
    ruby-openid (2.3.0)
    rubyzip (2.3.2)
    selenium-webdriver (3.142.7)
      childprocess (>= 0.5, < 4.0)
      rubyzip (>= 1.2.2)
    simplecov (0.14.1)
      docile (~> 1.1.0)
      json (>= 1.8, < 3)
      simplecov-html (~> 0.10.0)
    simplecov-html (0.10.2)
    sprockets (4.0.2)
      concurrent-ruby (~> 1.0)
      rack (> 1, < 3)
    sprockets-rails (3.2.2)
      actionpack (>= 4.0)
      activesupport (>= 4.0)
      sprockets (>= 3.0.0)
    thor (1.1.0)
    thread_safe (0.3.6)
    tzinfo (1.2.9)
      thread_safe (~> 0.1)
    websocket-driver (0.7.5)
      websocket-extensions (>= 0.1.0)
    websocket-extensions (0.1.5)
    xpath (3.2.0)
      nokogiri (~> 1.8)
    yard (0.9.26)

PLATFORMS
  x86_64-linux

DEPENDENCIES
  actionpack-xml_parser
  bundler (>= 1.5.0)
  capybara (~> 2.13)
  csv (~> 3.0.1)
  i18n (~> 0.7.0)
  mail (~> 2.7.1)
  mimemagic
  mini_mime (~> 1.0.1)
  mocha
  mysql2 (~> 0.5.0)
  net-ldap (~> 0.16.0)
  nokogiri (~> 1.10.0)
  puma (~> 3.7)
  rack-openid
  rails (= 5.2.3)
  rails-dom-testing
  rbpdf (~> 1.19.6)
  redcarpet (~> 3.4.0)
  redmine_crm
  request_store (= 1.0.5)
  rmagick (~> 2.16.0)
  roadie-rails (~> 1.3.0)
  rouge (~> 3.3.0)
  ruby-openid (~> 2.3.0)
  selenium-webdriver
  simplecov (~> 0.14.1)
  tzinfo-data
  yard

BUNDLED WITH
   2.2.25

如果我查询 ruby​​ 版本：

ruby 2.5.0p0 (2017-12-25 revision 61468) [x86_64-linux]

但我可以看到我也安装了 2.7。

RVM 信息：

ruby-2.5.0:

  system:
    uname:        "Linux AtomServer 5.4.0-80-generic #90-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 9 22:49:44 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux"
    name:         "Ubuntu"
    version:      "20.04"
    architecture: "x86_64"
    bash:         "/bin/bash => GNU bash, version 5.0.17(1)-release (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)"
    zsh:          " => not installed"
    remote_path:  "ubuntu/20.04/x86_64"

  rvm:
    version:      "1.29.11 (latest)"
    updated:      "6 months 20 days 7 hours 36 minutes 33 seconds ago"
    path:         "/usr/share/rvm"
    autolibs:     "[4] Allow RVM to use package manager if found, install missing dependencies, install package manager (only OS X)."

  ruby:
    interpreter:  "ruby"
    version:      "2.5.0p0"
    date:         "2017-12-25"
    platform:     "x86_64-linux"
    patchlevel:   "2017-12-25 revision 61468"
    full_version: "ruby 2.5.0p0 (2017-12-25 revision 61468) [x86_64-linux]"

  homes:
    gem:          "/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0"
    ruby:         "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0"

  binaries:
    ruby:         "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0/bin/ruby"
    irb:          "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0/bin/irb"
    gem:          "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0/bin/gem"
    rake:         "/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0/bin/rake"

  environment:
    PATH:         "/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0/bin:/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0@global/bin:/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin:/home/jnap/.dotnet/tools:/usr/share/rvm/bin"
    GEM_HOME:     "/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0"
    GEM_PATH:     "/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0:/usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.0@global"
    MY_RUBY_HOME: "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0"
    IRBRC:        "/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.5.0/.irbrc"
    RUBYOPT:      ""
    gemset:       ""

谢谢

我正在尝试为我的旧 Rails 项目运行 rake db:setup，它会引发以下错误。

`rake aborted!
Gem::LoadError: Specified 'mysql' for database adapter, but the gem is not loaded. Add `gem 'mysql'` to your Gemfile (and ensure its version is at the minimum required by ActiveRecord).


Caused by:
Gem::LoadError: mysql is not part of the bundle. Add it to your Gemfile.

Tasks: TOP => db:setup => db:schema:load_if_ruby => db:create
(See full trace by running task with --trace)`

这是我的红宝石版本ruby 2.3.8p459 (2018-10-18 revision 65136) [x86_64-linux]

我的导轨版本Rails 4.2.7.1

和mysql版本mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.56, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using readline 5.1

谢谢

我从这里有一个红宝石设置：

安装_ruby

现在，当我在 bash 脚本中运行 gem 时，出现以下错误：

/usr/bin/env: »ruby“: Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden

使用 PATH 变量或 ruby​​ 的 rvm 安装时出现相同错误的 Web 上的各种提示，没有帮助！

你有线索吗？

顺便说一句：在 CLI 上运行的 gem 工作得很好！

我snap以前安装的是最新版的rubyUbuntu 16.04下

$ sudo snap install ruby --classic
$ which ruby
/snap/bin/ruby
$ ruby -v
ruby 2.7.0p0 (2019-12-25 revision 647ee6f091) [x86_64-linux]

然后我安装了一个 ruby​​ gem pdfbeads（一个 PDF 创建实用程序）

sudo gem install pdfbeads

此命令将该实用程序安装在我的主目录中，为 ~/.gem/gems/pdfbeads-1.1.1/bin/pdfbeads. 但是，当我尝试在将 DJVU 文件转换为 PDF 格式的 shell 脚本中使用此程序时，我收到以下错误消息

djvu2pdf.sh: line 43: pdfbeads: command not found

虽然ruby链接在/snap/bin/我$PATH的默认情况下，~/.gem/但不是。这是gem environment安装后的pdfbeads：

$ gem environment
RubyGems Environment:
  - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 3.1.2
  - RUBY VERSION: 2.7.0 (2019-12-25 patchlevel 0) [x86_64-linux]
  - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: ~/.gem
  - USER INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: ~/.gem/ruby/2.7.0
  - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /snap/bin/ruby
  - GIT EXECUTABLE: /usr/bin/git
  - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: ~/.gem/bin
  - SPEC CACHE DIRECTORY: ~/.gem/specs
  - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY: //etc
  - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS:
    - ruby
    - x86_64-linux
  - GEM PATHS:
     - ~/.gem
     - /snap/ruby/172/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0
  - GEM CONFIGURATION:
     - :update_sources => true
     - :verbose => true
     - :backtrace => false
     - :bulk_threshold => 1000
  - REMOTE SOURCES:
     - https://rubygems.org/
  - SHELL PATH:
     - /usr/local/sbin
     - /usr/local/bin
     - /usr/sbin
     - /usr/bin
     - /sbin
     - /bin
     - /usr/games
     - /usr/local/games
     - /snap/bin

我原以为 gem 包安装应该已经解决了路径问题，但显然情况并非如此 -pdfbeads不在执行目录路径中。

显然，我可以将这个特定目录添加~/.gem/gems/pdfbeads-1.1.1/bin/到我的目录中$PATH来解决这个特定问题。但是，由于这是我第一次使用ruby，所以我正在寻找一种更通用的解决方案，每次安装另一个 ruby​​ gem 时都不需要这样做。

我有一个问题要问所有ruby专家 - 是否有一些标准的、更优雅的方法来解决这个问题，也可以涵盖任何未来的 gem 安装？

我查看了与该主题有关的其他一些 StackExchange 问题，但无论出于何种原因，我仍然无法解决。

这是test.desktop我桌面上的简单文件：

[Desktop Entry]
Version=1.0
Name=Test        
Comment=Test the terminal running a command inside it
Exec=gnome-terminal -e "~/test.rb"
Icon=utilities-terminal
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;

我只是想创建一个在双击时运行 Ruby 脚本的快捷方式。我试图让最终用户非常容易打开它，但是当我双击文件时，它只会在文本编辑器中不断打开。

我还验证了它也具有写入权限，但仍然没有。如果我替换~/test.rb为ifconfig，它仍然不起作用。

我在这里做错了什么？

我想执行一个包含 sudo 命令的 ruby​​ 脚本。如果我在“ crontab -e ”中输入此命令，它可以正常工作：

* * * * * /usr/bin/ruby ~/myfolder/test.rb >> ~/myfolder/mylog.log 2>&1

由于我的脚本包含 sudo 命令，我使用“sudo crontab -e”并写道：

* * * * * /usr/bin/ruby home/USERNAME/myfolder/test.rb >> home/USERNAME/myfolder/mylog.log 2>&1

但是，它不起作用。在第二种情况下不会创建日志文件。我以前也有不同的地址。

我在 godady 中引入了一个域，并在 Linux/Unix(Ubuntu) 服务器上安装了Passenger + Nginx，并部署了一个 Ruby 应用程序。现在，当我尝试从浏览器请求时，我的域看起来像 http://example.com 。但我希望我的域在每次从浏览器（如http://www.example.com .）请求时默认重定向到www 。

例子.conf

    server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.example.com example.com;
    # return 301 $scheme://www.example.com$request_uri;
    # Tell Nginx and Passenger where your app's 'public' directory is
    root /var/www/example/public;

    # Turn on Passenger
    passenger_enabled on;
    passenger_spawn_method direct;
    passenger_min_instances 1;
    #passenger_pool_idle_time 0;
    rails_env development;
    passenger_ruby /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.3/wrappers/ruby;
    passenger_sticky_sessions on;


}

取消注释该行

返回 301 $scheme://www.example.com$request_uri;

正在抛出错误

www.example.com redirected you too many times.
Try clearing your cookies.
ERR_TOO_MANY_REDIRECTS

我被迫在浏览器中手动输入www.example.com 。相反，我如何默认重定向到www ？

非常感谢任何帮助。提前致谢！

当我尝试安装 nokigiri 时，我得到以下信息，

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing nokogiri:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.4.0/gems/nokogiri-1.9.1/ext/nokogiri
/usr/bin/ruby2.4 -r ./siteconf20181224-15718-15hfw3z.rb extconf.rb
mkmf.rb can't find header files for ruby at /usr/lib/ruby/include/ruby.h

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.4.0/gems/nokogiri-1.9.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.4.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.4.0/nokogiri-1.9.1/gem_make.out

我安装了这些版本的 ruby​​ - 1.9.1、2.0.0 和 2.4.0。

我正在尝试按照Jekyll on Windows 教程安装 Jekyll 。从BrightBox存储库安装 ruby​​ 有一个陡峭的过程。我触发了以下命令：

sudo apt-add-repository ppa:brightbox/ruby-ng
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ruby2.4 ruby2.4-dev build-essential dh-autoreconf

最后一个命令产生以下错误：

sudo apt-get install ruby2.4 ruby2.4-dev build-essential dh-autoreconf
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package ruby2.4
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'ruby2.4'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'ruby2.4'
E: Unable to locate package ruby2.4-dev
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'ruby2.4-dev'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'ruby2.4-dev' 

我该如何解决这个问题？

我试图安装gosuRyby gem

$ sudo gem install gosu

Building native extensions. This could take a while...

ERROR:  Error installing gosu:

    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/gosu-0.13.3/ext/gosu
/usr/bin/ruby2.5 -r ./siteconf20180610-10446-laumk5.rb extconf.rb
The Gosu gem requires some libraries to be installed system-wide.
See the following site for a list:

https://github.com/gosu/gosu/wiki/Getting-Started-on-Linux

checking for TTF_RenderUTF8_Blended() in -lSDL2_ttf... yes

checking for SDL_ttf.h... yes

checking for -lopenal... no

creating Makefile

current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/gosu-0.13.3/ext/gosu

make "DESTDIR=" clean

current directory: /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/gosu-0.13.3/ext/gosu

make "DESTDIR="

compiling ../../src/Audio.cpp

In file included from ../../src/Audio.cpp:1:0:

../../src/AudioImpl.hpp:9:10: fatal error: AL/al.h: No such file or directory

 #include <AL/al.h>

          ^~~~~~~~~

compilation terminated.

Makefile:234: recipe for target 'Audio.o' failed

make: *** [Audio.o] Error 1

make failed, exit code 2

Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/gems/gosu-0.13.3 for inspection.

Results logged to /var/lib/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.5.0/gosu-

0.13.3/gem_make.out

shane@shane-HP-x2-Detachable-10-p0XX:~$ sudo apt-get install -lopenal

E: Command line option 'l' [from -lopenal] is not understood in combination 
with the other options.

我注意到问题出在 -lopenal 上，但是如何安装或获取它才能正确下载

编辑： -lopenal 现在有一个是的感谢 N0rbert。但是现在我看到它在屏幕下方显示“致命错误”，那么我该如何解决这个问题？