关于【pinning】的问题- 第1页

AveryFreeman

Asked: 2020-10-23 07:40:14 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 20.10 Pin-Priority 无任何作用：apt-cache 策略

0

我Pin-Priority设置了几个文件，/etc/apt/preferences.d/但它们的设置没有反映在apt-cache policy

例子：

avery@ChubbyChipmunk:/etc/apt/preferences.d$ ls -la

total 23
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root  7 Oct 22 08:25 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 11 Oct 22 08:13 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 61 Oct 22 08:19 all-i386
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 72 Oct 22 08:20 groovy-proposed
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 59 Oct 22 08:19 origin-pop-os
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 62 Oct 22 08:20 origin-ppa
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 66 Oct 22 08:25 origin-ppa-launchpad-net-system76-pop-ubuntu

avery@ChubbyChipmunk:/etc/apt/preferences.d$ cat *

Package: *
  Pin: release o=Ubuntu,b=i386
  Pin-Priority: 50
Package: *
  Pin: release o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed
  Pin-Priority: 50
Package: *
  Pin: origin apt.pop-os.org
  Pin-Priority: 50
Package: *
  Pin: origin ppa.launchpad.net
  Pin-Priority: 50
Package: *
  Pin: release o=LP-PPA-system76-pop
  Pin-Priority: 1

avery@ChubbyChipmunk:/etc/apt/preferences.d$ sudo apt update

Hit:1 http://apt.pop-os.org/proprietary groovy InRelease
Hit:2 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                   
Hit:3 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-focal InRelease     
Hit:4 http://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/mssql-server-2019 bionic InRelease
Hit:5 http://ppa.launchpad.net/linuxuprising/shutter/ubuntu groovy InRelease   
Hit:6 https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_20.04  InRelease
Hit:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76/pop/ubuntu groovy InRelease            
Hit:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu focal InRelease
Get:9 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76/pop/ubuntu groovy/main amd64 Packages [44.4 kB]
Get:10 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76/pop/ubuntu groovy/main Translation-en [18.1 kB]
Hit:11 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy InRelease   
Hit:12 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-updates InRelease             
Hit:13 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-backports InRelease           
Get:14 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-security InRelease [88.4 kB]  
Hit:15 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed InRelease            
Hit:17 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic InRelease       
Hit:18 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu groovy InRelease                    
Hit:16 https://packagecloud.io/slacktechnologies/slack/debian jessie InRelease 
Fetched 151 kB in 6s (26.2 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
26 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

avery@ChubbyChipmunk:/etc/apt/preferences.d$ apt-cache policy

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=LP-PPA-webupd8team-y-ppa-manager,a=focal,n=focal,l=Y PPA Manager,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76/pop/ubuntu groovy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=LP-PPA-system76-pop,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Pop!_OS PPA,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 https://packagecloud.io/slacktechnologies/slack/debian jessie/main amd64 Packages
     release v=1,o=packagecloud.io/slacktechnologies/slack,a=jessie,n=jessie,l=slack,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packagecloud.io
 500 http://apt.pop-os.org/proprietary groovy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=system76,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=System76,c=main,b=amd64
     origin apt.pop-os.org
 500 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-focal/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.04,o=XamarinFocal,a=stable-focal,n=focal,l=Xamarin-Stable-Focal,c=main,b=amd64
     origin download.mono-project.com
 500 https://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/prod bionic/main amd64 Packages
     release o=microsoft-ubuntu-bionic-prod bionic,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=microsoft-ubuntu-bionic-prod bionic,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packages.microsoft.com
 500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/linuxuprising/shutter/ubuntu groovy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=LP-PPA-linuxuprising-shutter,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Shutter screenshot tool and dependencies,c=main,b=amd64
     origin ppa.launchpad.net
 500 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable/main amd64 Packages
     release v=1.0,o=Google LLC,a=stable,n=stable,l=Google,c=main,b=amd64
     origin dl.google.com
 500 https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/xUbuntu_20.04  Packages
     release o=obs://build.opensuse.org/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable/xUbuntu_20.04,n=xUbuntu_20.04,l=devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable,c=
     origin download.opensuse.org
 500 http://packages.microsoft.com/ubuntu/18.04/mssql-server-2019 bionic/main amd64 Packages
     release o=mssql-server-2019-bionic bionic,a=bionic,n=bionic,l=mssql-server-2019-bionic bionic,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packages.microsoft.com
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-proposed/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-proposed,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-security/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-security,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-security/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-security,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-security/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-security,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy-security,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu groovy/partner amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Canonical,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Partner archive,c=partner,b=amd64
     origin archive.canonical.com
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/multiverse i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/multiverse amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=multiverse,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/universe i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/universe amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=universe,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/restricted i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/restricted amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=restricted,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/main i386 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=i386
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
 500 http://mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu/ubuntu groovy/main amd64 Packages
     release v=20.10,o=Ubuntu,a=groovy,n=groovy,l=Ubuntu,c=main,b=amd64
     origin mirrors.vcea.wsu.edu
Pinned packages:

以前可以Pin-Priority上班，不知道怎么回事。我已经花了两个小时试图弄清楚，我只需要注释掉.list文件中的 repos。

我想我要在启动板中提交错误报告。

有任何想法吗？

smammy

Asked: 2019-03-07 08:07:53 +0800 CST

是否可以固定源包？如果是这样，怎么做？

4

鉴于此/etc/apt/sources.list文件：

deb     http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ cosmic main restricted universe multiverse
deb     http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco  main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco  main restricted universe multiverse

这个/etc/apt/preferences文件：

Package: *
Pin: release a=cosmic
Pin-Priority: 900

Package: *
Pin: release a=disco
Pin-Priority: -10

正如我所期望的那样，运行apt install some-package将从中安装版本。cosmic

但是，运行apt source some-package将从disco.

我怎样才能使apt source服从引脚优先级？

N0rbert

Asked: 2018-02-04 09:32:15 +0800 CST

什么更可靠 - apt-mark 或 APT-pin (/etc/apt/preferences.d/pin) 用于版本锁定？

9

通常在我的 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 上，我使用 APT-pin 功能锁定软件包版本。

例如，如果我想固定到1.5.3-1ubuntu1meld版本，我会创建以下 pin 文件：

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/preferences.d/pin-meld
Package: meld
Pin: version 1.5.3-1ubuntu1
Pin-Priority: 1337
EOF

此文件在系统范围内应用设置：apt、、和 GUI 工具apt-get，aptitude例如synaptic并muon尊重它。

我知道其他机制 - apt-mark。让我们假设。我的起点 - 我手动安装了meld_1.5.3-1ubuntu1，它的引脚被移除。

$ apt-mark showhold
$ apt-cache policy meld 
meld:
  Installed: 1.5.3-1ubuntu1
  Candidate: 3.14.2-1
  Version table:
     3.14.2-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe i386 Packages
 *** 1.5.3-1ubuntu1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

然后我持有已安装的版本。

$ sudo apt-mark hold meld
meld set on hold.

$ dpkg -l | grep meld
hi  meld                                          1.5.3-1ubuntu1                               all          graphical tool to diff and merge files

APT 标记显示它处于暂停状态。但是apt-cache policy meld没有任何变化

$ apt-cache policy meld 
meld:
  Installed: 1.5.3-1ubuntu1
  Candidate: 3.14.2-1
  Version table:
     3.14.2-1 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe i386 Packages
 *** 1.5.3-1ubuntu1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

apt-get upgrade保留meld的报告：

$ sudo apt-get upgrade 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  meld
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

但是，如果我aptitude以交互模式启动，我将meld在Upgradable Packages中：

Actions  Undo  Package  Resolver  Search  Options  Views  Help
C-T: Menu  ?: Help  q: Quit  u: Update  g: Preview/Download/Install/Remove Pkgs
aptitude 0.7.4
--\ Upgradable Packages (1)
  --\ gnome - The GNOME Desktop Environment (1)
    --\ universe - Unsupported Free Software. (1)                                                                                                    
ih    meld    1.5.3-1ubuntu1 3.14.2-1

如果我不小心选择了Actions -> Cancel pending actions，则保留将被删除。

据我所知，synaptic忽略apt-mark标记，其锁定版本功能的工作方式不同。
meld此处列为已安装（可升级）。标记所有升级按钮不会自动选择它，但是标记升级可能会意外升级包。

Muon 以相同的方式处理由 . 持有的包裹apt-mark。但有趣的是，它的选项Lock at Current Version将 pin-file 写入/etc/apt/preferences.d/meld.

我是否正确理解 APT-pin 比更可靠apt-mark？

Ton Plomp

Asked: 2010-10-13 08:15:47 +0800 CST

如何在升级到新的 Ubuntu 版本时防止软件包被删除？

4

我已经从 10.04 升级到 Ubuntu 10.10，但是升级删除了我手动安装的一些软件包。Canonical 不支持这些包（来自Mindtouch的 Dekiwiki 等）。
删除此软件包导致我的网站被删除。当然这是我的责任，但我怎样才能防止将来发生这种事情呢？

txwikinger

Asked: 2010-09-05 14:46:18 +0800 CST

如何确保使用 apt-get 进行固定与虚拟包兼容？

4

为了让 php5.2 在 lucid 上使用，我创建了一个 ppa ( ppa:txwikinger/php5.2 ) 并在那里构建了几个 php5.2 包。为了更喜欢这些包裹，我已经给出了固定它们的说明。但是，由于对 phpapi 的依赖，php5-mcrypt 和 php5-imap 包无法正确加载，即使 phpapi 是由可用的 php5-cgi、php5-cli 提供的。问题是什么？

Ubuntu 20.10 Pin-Priority 无任何作用：apt-cache 策略

是否可以固定源包？如果是这样，怎么做？

什么更可靠 - apt-mark 或 APT-pin (/etc/apt/preferences.d/pin) 用于版本锁定？

如何在升级到新的 Ubuntu 版本时防止软件包被删除？

如何确保使用 apt-get 进行固定与虚拟包兼容？

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？

问题[pinning](ubuntu)