问题[pango](ubuntu)

我在 WSL 2 上运行 Ubuntu 20.04。我安装了 libpangocairo，但找不到它的任何头文件。

我应该安装 pangocairo：

$ apt list --installed|grep pango

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

libpango-1.0-0/focal,now 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 amd64 [installed]
libpango-perl/focal,now 1.227-3build1 amd64 [installed]
libpangocairo-1.0-0/focal,now 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libpangoft2-1.0-0/focal,now 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 amd64 [installed,automatic]

但是头文件都不存在：

$ find . -path ./mnt -prune -o -print |grep pango
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpango-1.0.so.0.4400.7
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangocairo-1.0.so.0.4400.7
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangoft2-1.0.so.0
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangocairo-1.0.so.0
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpangoft2-1.0.so.0.4400.7
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.30/Pango/Install/pango-perl.typemap
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.30/Pango/Install/pango-perl.h
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.30/Pango/Install/pango-perl-autogen.h
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.30/Pango/Install/pango-perl-versions.h
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.30/Pango/Install/pango.typemap
./usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpango-1.0.so.0
./usr/share/doc/libpangocairo-1.0-0
./usr/share/doc/libpangocairo-1.0-0/changelog.Debian.gz
./usr/share/doc/libpangocairo-1.0-0/copyright
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0/NEWS.gz
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0/README.md
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0/THANKS
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0/changelog.Debian.gz
./usr/share/doc/libpango-1.0-0/copyright
./usr/share/doc/libpango-perl
./usr/share/doc/libpango-perl/changelog.Debian.gz
./usr/share/doc/libpango-perl/examples
./usr/share/doc/libpango-perl/examples/cairo-simple.pl
./usr/share/doc/libpango-perl/copyright
./usr/share/doc/libpangoft2-1.0-0
./usr/share/doc/libpangoft2-1.0-0/changelog.Debian.gz
./usr/share/doc/libpangoft2-1.0-0/copyright
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangocairo-1.0-0:amd64.md5sums
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangoft2-1.0-0:amd64.triggers
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-1.0-0:amd64.symbols
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangocairo-1.0-0:amd64.symbols
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangocairo-1.0-0:amd64.list
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-1.0-0:amd64.triggers
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangoft2-1.0-0:amd64.symbols
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangocairo-1.0-0:amd64.shlibs
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-perl.list
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-1.0-0:amd64.md5sums
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangoft2-1.0-0:amd64.list
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-perl.md5sums
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-1.0-0:amd64.shlibs
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangoft2-1.0-0:amd64.md5sums
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpango-1.0-0:amd64.list
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangocairo-1.0-0:amd64.triggers
./var/lib/dpkg/info/libpangoft2-1.0-0:amd64.shlibs
./var/cache/apt/archives/libpango-perl_1.227-3build1_amd64.deb
./var/cache/apt/archives/libpangoft2-1.0-0_1.44.7-2ubuntu4_amd64.deb

pkg-config 什么都不返回：

$ pkg-config --cflags --libs pangocairo
Package pangocairo was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `pangocairo.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'pangocairo' found

我需要libpangox-1.0-0:i386在 Ubuntu 20.04LTS 下构建一个包，但它目前不可用。我libpangox-1.0-0的系统里有。

32 位版本适用于 19.10 及更低版本， 网址为https://pkgs.org/download/libpangox-1.0-0 https://ubuntu.pkgs.org/19.10/ubuntu-universe-i386/libpangox-1.0-0_0。 0.2-5build1_i386.deb.html

1. 有什么替代方法来获得这个？

2. 如果我获得.deb19.10 的文件并运行sudo gdebi libpangox-1.0-0_0.0.2-5build1_i386.deb， 它是否只是存储网页中“文件”下列出的文件，除了注册包之外没有对系统进行任何进一步的更改dpkg？

   我可以试一试，试试它是否有效，如果不能简单地删除包装？ （可能存在一些问题，因为/usr/share/doc/libpangox-1.0-032 位和 64 位版本之间共享 下的文件，即使只有文档也是如此）。请注意，包中的文件只是so和 指向它的软链接， /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpangox-1.0.so.0 而 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpangox-1.0.so.0.0.0.

注意：我从来没有从源代码构建过这样的东西。

编辑：

为了避免弄乱dpkg. 作为第一次尝试，我扩展了文件，并将软链接手动 .deb复制到. 然后so/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu

$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu"
$ fakeroot debian/rules binary
...
dpkg-shlibdeps: error: no dependency information found for /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpangox-1.0.so.0 (used by debian/iscan/usr/bin/iscan)
Hint: check if the library actually comes from a package.

这导致我同时尝试了三种解决方法：

1. 添加到debian/rules

    override_dh_shlibdeps:
    (tab)   dh_shlibdeps --dpkg-shlibdeps-params=--ignore-missing-info

2. $ export DEB_DH_SHLIBDEPS_ARGS_ALL=--dpkg-shlibdeps-params=--ignore-missing-info

3. $ export DEB_BUILD_OPTIONS=nocheck

这些都没有消除上面的错误。

编辑#2。

试图建立图书馆，我得到了错误

$ debuild -a i386
...
dpkg-deb: building package 'libpangox-1.0-dev' in '../libpangox-1.0-dev_0.0.2-5ubuntu1_i386.deb'.
 dpkg-genbuildinfo
 dpkg-genchanges  >../pangox-compat_0.0.2-5ubuntu1_i386.changes
dpkg-genchanges: info: not including original source code in upload
 dpkg-source --after-build .
dpkg-source: info: using options from pangox-compat-0.0.2/debian/source/options: --compression=xz
dpkg-buildpackage: info: binary and diff upload (original source NOT included)
debuild: fatal error at line 1062:
can't open pangox-compat_0.0.2-5ubuntu1_amd64.changes for reading: No such file or directory

有关的：

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11238134/dpkg-shlibdeps-error-no-dependency-information-found-for

https://linux.debian.user.narkive.com/tVuR0mKc/package-shared-library-with-application

https://github.com/SpiderLabs/ModSecurity-nginx/issues/16

https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/dpkg-shlibdeps.1.html

https://ubuntu.com/blog/statement-on-32-bit-i386-packages-for-ubuntu-19-10-and-20-04-lts

我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 18.10 上配置 wxWidgets 3.0.4：

$ ./configure --with-x11

但是在运行配置脚本时出现错误：

checking for PANGOXFT... configure: error: pangoxft library not found, library cannot be compiled in Unicode mode

是否有包含缺少库的 apt 包，如果有，它的确切名称是什么？

题外话：任何信誉> 300的人都可以创建一个新标签“wxwidgets”并将其添加到标签中（或者如果标签数量必须<5，则可以替换“wxpython”）？