我正在尝试在我的 AMD64 Ubuntu 操作系统上为 ARM64 平台构建一个 debian 包。我执行命令
debuild -us -uc --host-arch arm64
但得到警告
dpkg-architecture: warning: specified GNU system type aarch64-linux-gnu does not match CC system type x86_64-linux-gnu, try setting a correct CC environment variable
因此想知道如何设置 CC 环境变量，如警告所示。对于我的目标操作系统，我通常会使用
/opt/l4t-gcc-toolchain-64-bit-32.1/install/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc
谢谢。
我有一些针对不同架构的编译器：
$ > whereis gcc
gcc: /usr/bin/gcc /usr/lib/gcc /usr/share/man/man1/gcc.1.gz
$ > whereis arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc: /usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc /usr/share/man/man1/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc.1.gz
$ > whereis arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc: ~/.local/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
gcc 适用于我的工作站。它安装在系统路径中。
arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc 用于没有硬浮点的 ARM 目标。它也安装在系统路径中。
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc 用于带有硬浮点的 ARM 目标。它安装在我的$(HOME)/.local/目录中。我已将此目录添加到.bashrc脚本中的二进制路径：
export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
system 命令whereis适用于所有这些编译器，并显示二进制可执行文件的有效路径。
我想用帮助arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc编译器为 ARM 编译一些项目，但我收到了这个：
as: unrecognised option '-mcpu=cortex-a53'
汇编期间出错。似乎我的构建系统希望为我的 x86 使用汇编程序，而不是arm-linux-gnueabihf-as.
安装arm-linux-gnueabihf到~/.local其中后，会出现一些目录：
~/.local> ls -l
arm-linux-gnueabihf/
bin/
gcc-linaro-5.3.1-2016.05-linux-manifest.txt
include/
lib/
libexec/
share/
如果我去，bin/我会看到二进制文件：
arm-linux-gnueabihf-addr2line* arm-linux-gnueabihf-cpp* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ar* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gdb* arm-linux-gnueabihf-nm* arm-linux-gnueabihf-size* isort*
arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar* arm-linux-gnueabihf-elfedit* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-nm* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gfortran* arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy* arm-linux-gnueabihf-strings* pylint*
arm-linux-gnueabihf-as* arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-ranlib* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gprof* arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump* arm-linux-gnueabihf-strip* pyreverse*
arm-linux-gnueabihf-c++* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov* arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld* arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib* epylint* runtest*
arm-linux-gnueabihf-c++filt* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc-5.3.1* arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcov-tool* arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld.bfd* arm-linux-gnueabihf-readelf* gdbserver* symilar*
此路径已添加到$PATH.
但是，如果我去./arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin并且会去做ls，我将收到空目录。我可以克服这个错误，如果我将一些符号链接添加到这个目录：
ar -> ../../bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-ar*
as -> ../../bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-as*
gcc -> ../../bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc*
ranlib -> ../../bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-ranlib*
strip -> ../../bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-strip*
...
在此之后，我的汇编错误消失了，我可以成功地为 ARM-target 编译项目。但在此之后，我无法为我的工作站 x86 编译任何东西。
谁能解释一下我应该怎么做才能成功编译以及ARM和x86？
UPD：我有 ARM 的 Makefile：
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-linux-gnueabihf-
CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as
INCLUDES = -I./
SRC = main.c
TARGET = my-arm-target
all: $(SRC)
$(CC) $(INCLUDES) -o $(TARGET)
和 x86 的相同文件，但没有CROSS_COMPILE变量：
CC = gcc
AS = as
INCLUDES = -I./
SRC = main.c
TARGET = my-x86-target
all: $(SRC)
$(CC) $(INCLUDES) -o $(TARGET)
我已经设置了一个交叉编译的 docker 实例。简而言之，我开始设置
apt-get update
apt-get install binutils-multiarch
dpkg --add-architecture armhf
# Manually add correct armhf repositories to /etc/apt/sources.list
apt-get update
apt-get install libudev-dev:armhf
在这最后一步中，我收到以下错误：
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libudev-dev:armhf : Depends: libacl1:armhf (>= 2.2.51-8) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libblkid1:armhf (>= 2.19.1) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libc6:armhf (>= 2.17) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libgcc1:armhf (>= 1:3.5) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libkmod2:armhf (>= 5~) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libselinux1:armhf (>= 2.0.65) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libudev1:armhf (= 229-4ubuntu4) but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
手动安装这些不是一个选项，因为libc6:armhf与当前安装的 amd64 libc6 冲突并且最终会覆盖这个包。我只想设置libudev:armhf包以便我可以链接到它。
/etc/apt/sources.list：
deb [arch=amd64] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb [arch=armhf] http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ xenial main restricted
deb [arch=amd64] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb [arch=amd64] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb [arch=amd64] http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb [arch=amd64] http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
运行apt-cache policy libudev-dev:{amd64,armhf}输出以下内容：
libudev-dev:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 229-4ubuntu21.4
Version table:
229-4ubuntu21.4 500
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages
229-4ubuntu21.1 500
500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages
229-4ubuntu4 500
500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
libudev-dev:armhf:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 229-4ubuntu4
Version table:
229-4ubuntu4 500
500 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial/main armhf Packages
我一直在苦苦挣扎，因为我想交叉编译一个需要 Python 编译的应用程序。以防万一您好奇，当它转到 pyconfig.h 时，它会尝试包含以下文件：
arm-linux-gnueabihf/python2.7/pyconfig.h
不幸的是，这不存在。然后，我想安装 python 头文件，所以我做了以下操作：
sudo dpkg --add-architecture armhf
sudo apt-get update
我得到以下输出，
Hit:2 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial InRelease
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security InRelease [107 kB]
Get:4 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial-security InRelease [107 kB]
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports InRelease
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial InRelease [247 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe Sources [84.1 kB]
Get:8 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial-security/main armhf Packages [514 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main amd64 Packages [668 kB]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/main i386 Packages [587 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates InRelease [109 kB]
Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main armhf Packages
Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe armhf Packages
Get:13 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial-security/restricted armhf Packages [8480 B]
Get:14 http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports xenial-security/universe armhf Packages [375 kB]
Get:15 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted amd64 Packages [12.7 kB]
Get:16 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/restricted i386 Packages [12.7 kB]
Get:17 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe amd64 Packages [455 kB]
Get:18 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/universe i386 Packages [385 kB]
Get:19 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe Sources [9802 kB]
Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages [1558 kB]
Ign:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main armhf Packages
Get:22 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted amd64 Packages [14.1 kB]
Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted armhf Packages
Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse amd64 Packages [3738 B]
Ign:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse armhf Packages
Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe amd64 Packages [9827 kB]
Err:25 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security/multiverse armhf Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.152 80]
Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/universe i386 Packages [9804 kB]
Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse amd64 Packages [176 kB]
Ign:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main armhf Packages
Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe armhf Packages
Get:30 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe Sources [261 kB]
Get:31 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main amd64 Packages [1046 kB]
Ign:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main armhf Packages
Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [13.1 kB]
Ign:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted armhf Packages
Get:35 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe amd64 Packages [829 kB]
Ign:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe armhf Packages
Get:37 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [18.8 kB]
Ign:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main armhf Packages
Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main armhf Packages
Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe armhf Packages
Ign:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main armhf Packages
Ign:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe armhf Packages
Ign:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse armhf Packages
Ign:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main armhf Packages
Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse armhf Packages
Err:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/main armhf Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
Ign:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports/universe armhf Packages
Ign:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main armhf Packages
Ign:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe armhf Packages
Ign:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse armhf Packages
Err:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main armhf Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
Ign:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/multiverse armhf Packages
Err:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/main armhf Packages
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
Ign:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/restricted armhf Packages
Ign:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/universe armhf Packages
Ign:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates/multiverse armhf Packages
Fetched 2452 kB in 2s (1020 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-backports/main/binary-armhf/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-security/multiverse/binary-armhf/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.152 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial/main/binary-armhf/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/xenial-updates/main/binary-armhf/Packages 404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.149 80]
E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.
我在互联网上搜索，很多人说解决方案是在 /etc/apt/sources.list 中区分哪些存储库用于 armhf 架构，哪些存储库用于 amd64、i386。这根本不起作用（我也不知道我做得好不好，我对sources.list不太了解），当我执行这个命令时：
sudo apt-get install libpython2.7-dev:armhf
我得到：
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
libpython2.7-dev:armhf : Depends: libpython2.7-stdlib:armhf (= 2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libpython2.7:armhf (= 2.7.12-1ubuntu0~16.04.2) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libexpat1-dev:armhf but it is not going to be installed
Recommends: libc6-dev:armhf but it is not going to be installed or
libc-dev:armhf
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages
你知道我在哪一步搞砸了吗？我不确定，我会感谢你的帮助，谢谢。