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Martin Hope
Kevin-Prichard
Asked: 2024-10-29 05:24:10 +0800 CST
  • 5

在 GNU/Linux Ubuntu 上，什么控制夏令时与标准时间？

今天早上我发现我的 Ubuntu 笔记本电脑显示的时间比太平洋时间的其他地方大约早一个小时。我在网上找到了很多关于如何更改时区的建议，但我还没有找到控制夏令时设置的方法。

截图显示电脑时间和本地时间以及各种设置之间的差异。这很奇怪吗？我以前从未遇到过这个问题。

更新：本周末（11 月 3 日）将转换夏令时至标准时间。

更新2：uname -a

Linux ganymede 6.8.0-47-generic #47~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed Oct  2 16:16:55 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

更新3：输出apt policy tzdata

tzdata:
  Installed: 2024a-0ubuntu0.22.04.1
  Candidate: 2024a-0ubuntu0.22.04.1
  Version table:
 *** 2024a-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 500
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     2024a-0ubuntu0.22.04 500
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main i386 Packages
     2022a-0ubuntu1 500
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main i386 Packages

更新 4：可能的罪魁祸首：欧洲比美国早一周切换到标准时间，因此他们的时间服务器已经切换，这意味着我的机器可能连接到欧盟时间服务器。感谢@ [email protected]提供此见解。

在此处输入图片描述

time
Martin Hope
Flimm
Asked: 2024-10-28 22:28:25 +0800 CST
  • 6

我有一些文件扩展名为的照片.jxl。它们采用名为 JPEG-XL 的新图像格式。

我在 Ubuntu 24.10 中安装了 GNOME 的新图像查看器程序Loupe或 Image Viewer，如下所示：

sudo apt install loupe

（Loupe 是旧版 GNOME 程序 Eye of GNOME 的替代品）

当我打开 JPEG-XL 文件时，出现此错误：

无法加载图片

图像格式“JPEG XL 图像 (image/jxl)”已知但未安装。

如何在 Loupe 中安装对 JPEG XL 的支持？

截屏

gnome
Martin Hope
Matt Hammond
Asked: 2024-10-28 20:45:07 +0800 CST
  • 6

我在 Dell Inspiron 5502 笔记本电脑上运行 Ubuntu 24.10。我不确定这是 Ubuntu 问题还是 Dell 问题。我今天注意到我在 BIOS 中所做的热管理更改没有保存。我从电源管理选项中选择了安静模式，但当我在启动后返回 BIOS 时，我看到它们已恢复为“优化”。

如果我在 BIOS 中进行更改，关闭计算机然后重新打开并直接返回 BIOS，则更改将保持不变。它们仅在启动后发生变化。但是，其他更改（例如关闭 c 状态）将保持我设置的设置。我不确定这是否与 Ubuntu 有关，或者这是否是戴尔的另一个问题。我以前没有遇到过这个问题。它似乎是在更新 BIOS 后发生的，但可能是在升级到 24.10 后开始的。我并不介意。我只是希望风扇尽可能安静，因为我使用笔记本电脑录制声音。

bios
Martin Hope
mstdmstd
Asked: 2024-10-27 15:57:20 +0800 CST
  • 5

有一段时间我的 MySQL 服务器停止工作了（几个月前我在家里安装了 kubuntu 22.04）

我检查命令：

# mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
root@master-at-home:/path# mysql -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3306 -u root
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '127.0.0.1:3306' (111)
root@master-at-home:/path# sudo service mysql start
Job for mysql.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
See "systemctl status mysql.service" and "journalctl -xeu mysql.service" for details.
root@master-at-home:/path# systemctl status mysql.service
× mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2024-10-27 09:33:42 EET; 10s ago
Process: 32412 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
CPU: 2ms

master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL Community Server.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Community Server.
root@master-at-home:/path# journalctl -xeu mysql.service
░░ The job identifier is 3931 and the job result is done.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
░░ Subject: A start job for unit mysql.service has begun execution
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ A start job for unit mysql.service has begun execution.
░░
░░ The job identifier is 3931.
master-at-home mysql-systemd-start[32412]: MySQL configuration not found at /etc/mysql/my.cnf. Please create one.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Control process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
░░ Subject: Unit process exited
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ An ExecStartPre= process belonging to unit mysql.service has exited.
░░
░░ The process' exit code is 'exited' and its exit status is 1.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
░░ Subject: Unit failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ The unit mysql.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Community Server.
░░ Subject: A start job for unit mysql.service has failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ A start job for unit mysql.service has finished with a failure.
░░
░░ The job identifier is 3931 and the job result is failed.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Scheduled restart job, restart counter is at 5.
░░ Subject: Automatic restarting of a unit has been scheduled
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ Automatic restarting of the unit mysql.service has been scheduled, as the result for
░░ the configured Restart= setting for the unit.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Stopped MySQL Community Server.
░░ Subject: A stop job for unit mysql.service has finished
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ A stop job for unit mysql.service has finished.
░░
░░ The job identifier is 4065 and the job result is done.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Start request repeated too quickly.
master-at-home systemd[1]: mysql.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
░░ Subject: Unit failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ The unit mysql.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'.
master-at-home systemd[1]: Failed to start MySQL Community Server.
░░ Subject: A start job for unit mysql.service has failed
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ A start job for unit mysql.service has finished with a failure.
░░
░░ The job identifier is 4065 and the job result is failed.

我找到了以下行：

 master-at-home mysql-systemd-start[32412]: MySQL configuration not found at /etc/mysql/my.cnf. Please create one.

我根本没有 /etc/mysql/ 子目录。我不知道为什么会这样，以及如何在我的操作系统中恢复 /etc/mysql/my.cnf？

uname -a
Linux master-at-home 6.5.0-35-generic #35~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue May  7 09:00:52 UTC 2 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

我决定升级我的操作系统但在消息中收到以下错误：

path# sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/8.x/apt stable InRelease
Hit:2 http://ua.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:3 https://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease
Hit:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro InRelease
Hit:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/giuspen/ppa/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:6 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ondrej/php/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:7 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/openswoole/ppa/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
path# sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  php-common php-mcrypt php-mongodb php8.2-mongodb php8.3-mcrypt php8.3-mongodb
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.28-0ubuntu4) ...
update-alternatives: error: alternative path /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf doesn't exist
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-8.0 (--configure):
 installed mysql-server-8.0 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
Setting up elasticsearch (8.15.3) ...
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-env: line 78: source: /etc/default/elasticsearch: is a directory
dpkg: error processing package elasticsearch (--configure):
 installed elasticsearch package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of mysql-server:
 mysql-server depends on mysql-server-8.0; however:
  Package mysql-server-8.0 is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package mysql-server (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
Errors were encountered while processing:
 mysql-server-8.0
 elasticsearch
 mysql-server
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

这些问题有关联吗？如何解决？

我的 SQL 安装已默认，没有任何特定选项......

更新：

path# sudo apt install --reinstall mysql-server-8.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
E: Internal Error, No file name for mysql-server-8.0:amd64
path# sudo apt install --reinstall mysql-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
E: Internal Error, No file name for mysql-server:amd64

更新 # 2：

# sudo apt purge mysql-server-8.0 && sudo apt install --reinstall mysql-server-8.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-template-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
mysql-server* mysql-server-8.0*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 1 713 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 288059 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing mysql-server (8.0.28-0ubuntu4) ...
Removing mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.28-0ubuntu4) ...
Setting up elasticsearch (8.15.3) ...
/usr/share/elasticsearch/bin/elasticsearch-env: line 78: source: /etc/default/elasticsearch: is a directory
dpkg: error processing package elasticsearch (--configure):
installed elasticsearch package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
elasticsearch
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我仍然根本没有 /etc/mysql/ 子目录。

更新 # 3：

我嘟嘟地退出：

whoami
master

运行命令：

master@master-at-home:path$ sudo apt purge elasticsearch && sudo apt install mysql-server-8.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libcgi-fast-perl libcgi-pm-perl libfcgi-bin libfcgi-perl libfcgi0ldbl libhtml-template-perl mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
elasticsearch*
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 1 179 MB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 288042 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing elasticsearch (8.15.3) ...
Stopping elasticsearch service... OK
(Reading database ... 286653 files and directories currently installed.)
Purging configuration files for elasticsearch (8.15.3) ...
dpkg: warning: elasticsearch: conffile '/etc/default/elasticsearch' is not a plain file or symlink (= '/etc/default/elasticsearch')
Deleting security auto-configuration directory...OK
dpkg: warning: while removing elasticsearch, directory '/var/lib/elasticsearch' not empty so not removed
dpkg: warning: while removing elasticsearch, directory '/usr/lib/systemd/system' not empty so not removed
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
tinyca
The following NEW packages will be installed:
mysql-server-8.0
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/1 386 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1 603 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Preconfiguring packages ...
(Reading database ... 286641 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../mysql-server-8.0_8.0.28-0ubuntu4_amd64.deb ...
grep: /etc/mysql/: No such file or directory
Unpacking mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.28-0ubuntu4) ...
Setting up mysql-server-8.0 (8.0.28-0ubuntu4) ...
update-alternatives: error: alternative path /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf doesn't exist
dpkg: error processing package mysql-server-8.0 (--configure):
installed mysql-server-8.0 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
Errors were encountered while processing:
mysql-server-8.0
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
mysql
Martin Hope
vivace
Asked: 2024-10-27 09:53:30 +0800 CST
  • 5

我在此过程中没有遇到任何错误。最后我的背景变黑了，但我放弃了……我查看了其他带有 Oh No 屏幕的答案，但我的情况似乎不同，因为我无法通过 ctl alt f3 或其他按键变化进入登录屏幕。

我从 gdm3 改成了 lightdm，现在我可以进入启动登录屏幕了。不幸的是，当我登录时，它又回到了 Oh No 屏幕。我的触摸板可以移动鼠标，但不能点击。

我插入了一个外接鼠标，现在可以尝试不同的桌面选项了。选择 Wayland 后屏幕变黑，但 OpenBox 确实可以工作。所以我不再认为这是 nvidia 驱动程序的问题。也许这与我的触控板有关？？

此时还有什么提示吗？

nvidia
Martin Hope
trolley
Asked: 2024-10-27 05:13:33 +0800 CST
  • 5

我按照https://ubuntu.com/tutorials/configure-ssh-2fa在我的 Ubuntu 22.04.5 系统上设置了 SSH 的 2FA 保护。我只启用了基于密钥的身份验证，因此这可能有点过度，但感觉更安全，即使我的私钥以某种方式丢失了，它本身也不够。

我不想在从 LAN 上的系统连接时输入 TOTP 代码，因此我的/etc/pam.d/sshd代码如下：

auth [success=done default=ignore] pam_access.so accessfile=/etc/security/access-local.conf
auth required pam_google_authenticator.so

/etc/security/access-local.conf有：

+ : ALL : 192.168.1.0/24
+ : ALL : LOCAL
- : ALL : ALL

一切正常。当我在局域网之外时，系统会提示我输入 TOTP 代码，而在局域网内时则不会。

我现在的问题是 tab 补全功能scp不再起作用。例如，在另一个系统上，我尝试：

$ scp server:someth<TAB>

并且something应该自动完成，假设该文件存在。当我没有启用 PAM 模块时，这可以正常工作，但启用后则不起作用。即使在我使用 LAN 并且没有提示输入 TOTP 代码的情况下，它也会失败。当我按 TAB 时，我会在服务器中收到如下消息/var/log/auth.log：

Oct 26 17:08:13 server sshd[1136620]: Connection closed by authenticating user user 192.168.1.182 port 53145 [preauth]
Oct 26 17:08:13 server sshd[1136732]: Connection closed by authenticating user user 192.168.1.182 port 53146 [preauth]

每按一次 TAB 键，消息总是成对出现。

有人知道我可以做什么（如果有的话）来实现这个目标吗？

pam
Martin Hope
Henning
Asked: 2024-10-25 22:07:49 +0800 CST
  • 6

是否计划在 Ubuntu 24.04 存储库中提供 nano 版本 8？

nano 7.2 版是 Ubuntu 24.04 的一部分。nano
8.0 及以上版本支持现代键绑定：

^Q 退出，^X 剪切，^C 复制，^V 粘贴，^Z 撤消，^Y 重做，^O 打开文件，^W 写入文件，^R 替换，^G 再次查找，^D 再次向后查找，^A 设置标记，^T 跳至某一行，^P 显示位置，^E 执行。

我想使用该键绑定，因为它对我来说更熟悉。

server
Martin Hope
Piotr Czekalski
Asked: 2024-10-25 21:47:06 +0800 CST
  • 5

我正在努力访问连接到 USB 并以串行端口形式呈现的 MCU：。/dev/ttyACM0在 Ubuntu 22.04 中运行良好的功能在 24.04 中不起作用。每当我连接设备时，让它访问的唯一方法就是访问 chmod 666它，但这只是暂时的。

我正在处理的用户已添加到dialout组中，并ls -l /dev/ttyACM0返回：crw-rw---- 1 root dialout 166, 0 Oct 25 15:33 /dev/ttyACM0，因此我可以理解，拥有 r/w 权限和任何拨出组成员的是 root。我是否遗漏了任何需要配置/添加的内容？ 在此处输入图片描述

编辑：驱动程序似乎是正确的，因此不存在触发无效 UDEV 规则的情况：

[21856.363341] usb 3-6: new full-speed USB device number 6 using xhci_hcd
[21856.761217] usb 3-6: New USB device found, idVendor=2e8a, idProduct=0005, bcdDevice= 1.00
[21856.761236] usb 3-6: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=3
[21856.761240] usb 3-6: Product: Board in FS mode
[21856.761244] usb 3-6: Manufacturer: MicroPython
[21856.761247] usb 3-6: SerialNumber: e6614c311b7f8c38
[21857.365083] cdc_acm 3-6:1.0: ttyACM0: USB ACM device
[21857.365219] usbcore: registered new interface driver cdc_acm
[21857.365225] cdc_acm: USB Abstract Control Model driver for USB modems and ISDN adapters

问候，

皮奥特

22.04
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