一旦我从 Ubuntu 23.04 升级到 23.10，我就无法再启动了！
Gave up waiting for root device. Common problems:
- Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
- Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough?)
- Check root= (did the system wait for the right device?)
- Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 does not exist. Dropping to a shell!
BusyBox v1.36.1 (Ubuntu 1:1.36.1-3ubuntu1) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a lost of built-in commands.
(initramfs)
我确保在BIOS设置中系统配置中的Sata操作是AHCI而不是RAID
我目前正在 live USB 上运行 ubunut。我将文件中的 UUID 更改/etc/fstab为“dev/sdb5”。并update-grub重新启动但没有任何改变！
/etc/fstab：
GNU nano 7.2 /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sdb5 during curtin installation
# /dev/disk/by-uuid/c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 / ext4 defaults 0 1
# /boot/efi was on /dev/sdb1 during curtin installation
#/ dev/disk/by-uuid/1292-A439 /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1
# UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 / ext4 defaults 0 1
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
/dev/sdb5 / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1
/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0
/swap.img none swap sw 0 0
LABEL=Omar /mnt/Omar auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0
/dev/sdc4 /mnt/sdc4 auto nosuid,nodev,nofail,x-gvfs-show 0 0
黑子
/dev/sdb5: UUID="c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="a2f6a2d2-f40f-cd41-b4a7-61b12759b403"
/dev/loop1: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sdd2: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL_FATBOOT="ESP" LABEL="ESP" UUID="6F54-CACE" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="Appended2" PARTUUID="2a585014-a55f-4771-aef0-695c6f9e0059"
/dev/sdd1: BLOCK_SIZE="2048" UUID="2023-10-16-11-29-57-00" LABEL="Ubuntu 23.10.1 amd64" TYPE="iso9660" PARTLABEL="ISO9660" PARTUUID="2a585014-a55f-4771-aef3-695c6f9e0059"
/dev/sdd4: LABEL="writable" UUID="10e8c979-c7d9-4177-8fc4-d35e6e07519e" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="ab5ae46b-1d76-4bc4-89aa-bfdce9a78047"
/dev/loop8: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sdb4: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="01D9D8E852906F70" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="4be8ef1d-c5da-4121-b27e-7d2b3503538b"
/dev/sdb3: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="01D9D8E850480610" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="64b110ca-af78-4621-80d3-4f19c7181db2"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="1292-A439" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI System Partition" PARTUUID="684257cf-73a2-482d-a9e1-11ce37103972"
/dev/loop6: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop4: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop11: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop2: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop0: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop9: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sdc1: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="01D9E9BD38CA67E0" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="209e706a-01"
/dev/loop7: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="C5B4-CDD0" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="000fa007-bb10-5095-3efd-db2d0e401f00"
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Omar" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="01DA00F083D02BE0" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="f64af970-d8e4-01d9-b878-257b72ecec00"
/dev/loop5: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop12: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop3: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/loop10: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"
/dev/sdd3: PARTLABEL="Gap1" PARTUUID="2a585014-a55f-4771-aef1-695c6f9e0059"
/dev/sdb2: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="ffb570be-97c1-4b52-ae3a-59c8da2a3101"
fdisk -l
Disk /dev/loop0: 1.62 GiB, 1734254592 bytes, 3387216 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop1: 412.77 MiB, 432820224 bytes, 845352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 776.54 MiB, 814256128 bytes, 1590344 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop3: 240.51 MiB, 252190720 bytes, 492560 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop4: 73.9 MiB, 77492224 bytes, 151352 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop5: 4 KiB, 4096 bytes, 8 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop6: 11.2 MiB, 11747328 bytes, 22944 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop7: 496.98 MiB, 521121792 bytes, 1017816 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/sda: 465.76 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Disk model: ST500DM002-1BD14
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: EC95E2E0-B1C9-03B3-B878-257B72ECEC00
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 4096 523642879 523638784 249.7G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sda2 523642880 976764927 453122048 216.1G Microsoft basic data
Disk /dev/sdb: 238.47 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG MZ7LN256
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 0E99A25E-4EAC-4265-964D-4D4FF9CF3DD0
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sdb1 2048 4392959 4390912 2.1G EFI System
/dev/sdb2 4392960 4425727 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/sdb3 4425728 251897855 247472128 118G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sdb4 251897856 253358079 1460224 713M Windows recovery environment
/dev/sdb5 253358080 500117503 246759424 117.7G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/sdc: 298.09 GiB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors
Disk model: SAMSUNG HD322GJ
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x209e706a
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/sdc1 2048 625127423 625125376 298.1G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
Disk /dev/sdd: 28.82 GiB, 30943995904 bytes, 60437492 sectors
Disk model: DataTraveler 3.0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 2A585014-A55F-4771-AEF2-695C6F9E0059
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sdd1 64 10094759 10094696 4.8G Microsoft basic data
/dev/sdd2 10094760 10104795 10036 4.9M EFI System
/dev/sdd3 10104796 10105395 600 300K Microsoft basic data
/dev/sdd4 10108928 60436479 50327552 24G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/loop8: 91.69 MiB, 96141312 bytes, 187776 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop9: 10.52 MiB, 11026432 bytes, 21536 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop10: 40.86 MiB, 42840064 bytes, 83672 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop11: 452 KiB, 462848 bytes, 904 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop12: 130.95 MiB, 137310208 bytes, 268184 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
sdb5（安装 Ubuntu 的位置）上的 SMART 测试结果
smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-linux-6.5.0-9-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Samsung based SSDs
Device Model: SAMSUNG MZ7LN256HCHP-000L7
Serial Number: S20HNXAH205538
LU WWN Device Id: 5 002538 d00000000
Firmware Version: EMT03L6Q
User Capacity: 256,060,514,304 bytes [256 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate: Solid State Device
TRIM Command: Available
Device is: In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is: ACS-2, ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4c
SATA Version is: SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Fri Nov 10 18:03:23 2023 UTC
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x53) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 133) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 1
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 092 092 000 Old_age Always - 37035
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 096 096 000 Old_age Always - 3629
170 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Ct_Chip 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
171 Program_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
172 Erase_Fail_Count_Chip 0x0032 100 100 010 Old_age Always - 0
173 Wear_Leveling_Count 0x0033 087 087 005 Pre-fail Always - 268
174 Unexpect_Power_Loss_Ct 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 416
178 Used_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Chip 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 0
180 Unused_Rsvd_Blk_Cnt_Tot 0x0013 100 100 010 Pre-fail Always - 723
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0033 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
187 Uncorrectable_Error_Cnt 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0032 070 035 000 Old_age Always - 30
199 CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1
233 Media_Wearout_Indicator 0x0013 086 086 000 Pre-fail Always - 14529068
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 25725
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 40003
249 NAND_Writes_1GiB 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 68640
系统日志文件
https://filetransfer.io/data-package/R92DQfAA#link
更新：
我发现该grub.cfg文件仍然具有 UUID，而不是/dev/sdb5我在fstab文件中提到的。更改 fstab 文件后我更新了组
/boot/grub/grub.cfg
#
# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
#
# It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
# from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
#
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then
set have_grubenv=true
load_env
fi
if [ "${initrdfail}" = 2 ]; then
set initrdfail=
elif [ "${initrdfail}" = 1 ]; then
set next_entry="${prev_entry}"
set prev_entry=
save_env prev_entry
if [ "${next_entry}" ]; then
set initrdfail=2
fi
fi
if [ "${next_entry}" ] ; then
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
else
set default="0"
fi
if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
menuentry_id_option="--id"
else
menuentry_id_option=""
fi
export menuentry_id_option
if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
fi
function savedefault {
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
}
function initrdfail {
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -n "${partuuid}" ]; then
if [ -z "${initrdfail}" ]; then
set initrdfail=1
if [ -n "${boot_once}" ]; then
set prev_entry="${default}"
save_env prev_entry
fi
fi
save_env initrdfail
fi; fi
}
function recordfail {
set recordfail=1
if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi
}
function load_video {
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
insmod vbe
insmod vga
insmod video_bochs
insmod video_cirrus
fi
}
if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then
font=unicode
else
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2"
fi
if loadfont $font ; then
set gfxmode=auto
load_video
insmod gfxterm
fi
terminal_output gfxterm
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
insmod gfxmenu
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_32.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_sans_12.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_sans_14.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_sans_16.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_sans_24.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/dejavu_sans_48.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/terminus-12.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/terminus-14.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/terminus-16.pf2
loadfont ($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/terminus-18.pf2
insmod jpeg
insmod png
set theme=($root)/usr/share/grub/themes/Vimix/theme.txt
export theme
if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ] ; then
set timeout=30
else
if [ x$feature_timeout_style = xy ] ; then
set timeout_style=hidden
set timeout=0
# Fallback hidden-timeout code in case the timeout_style feature is
# unavailable.
elif sleep --interruptible 0 ; then
set timeout=0
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
set menu_color_normal=white/black
set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray
### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
function gfxmode {
set gfxpayload="${1}"
if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then
set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7
else
set vt_handoff=
fi
}
if [ "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then
if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then
if [ ${grub_platform} != pc ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
elif hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=keep
fi
else
set linux_gfx_mode=text
fi
export linux_gfx_mode
menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.5.0-10-generic root=UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.5.0-10-generic
}
submenu 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-advanced-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.5.0-10-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.5.0-10-generic-advanced-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.5.0-10-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.5.0-10-generic root=UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.5.0-10-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.5.0-10-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.5.0-10-generic-recovery-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.5.0-10-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.5.0-10-generic root=UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 ro single recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.5.0-10-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.5.0-9-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.5.0-9-generic-advanced-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.5.0-9-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.5.0-9-generic root=/dev/sdb5 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.5.0-9-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.5.0-9-generic-recovery-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.5.0-9-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.5.0-9-generic root=/dev/sdb5 ro single recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.2.0-36-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.2.0-36-generic-advanced-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.2.0-36-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.2.0-36-generic root=UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 ro quiet splash $vt_handoff
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-36-generic
}
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 6.2.0-36-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-6.2.0-36-generic-recovery-c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91' {
recordfail
load_video
insmod gzio
if [ x$grub_platform = xxen ]; then insmod xzio; insmod lzopio; fi
insmod part_gpt
insmod ext2
set root='hd1,gpt5'
if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd1,gpt5 --hint-efi=hd1,gpt5 --hint-baremetal=ahci1,gpt5 --hint='hd1,gpt5' c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
else
search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91
fi
echo 'Loading Linux 6.2.0-36-generic ...'
linux /boot/vmlinuz-6.2.0-36-generic root=UUID=c0fc479f-b1cc-4e85-962b-43a72eec9e91 ro single recovery nomodeset dis_ucode_ldr
echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
initrd /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-36-generic
}
}
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux_zfs ###
### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux_zfs ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/25_bli ###
if [ "$grub_platform" = "efi" ]; then
insmod bli
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/25_bli ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
if [ "$grub_platform" = "efi" ]; then
fwsetup --is-supported
if [ "$?" = 0 ]; then
menuentry 'UEFI Firmware Settings' $menuentry_id_option 'uefi-firmware' {
fwsetup
}
fi
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
# This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
# menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
# the 'exec tail' line above.
### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then
source ${config_directory}/custom.cfg
elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then
source $prefix/custom.cfg
fi
### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
天哪，我修好了！
First of all, I don't really know what exactly the problem was. However, I found that the EFI partition might be corrupted. I followed these steps to fix this (And I think this can solve most boot problems like this).
Here is my recipe to solve most of the booting problems:
1) Create a boot-repair USB:
some Linux distros do not support boot-repair like Ubuntu 23 so it's a good idea to create your boot-repair disk
2) Boot to the live boot-repair USB
It's a modified Lubuntu distro that contains a boot-repair tool and some other tools fixing other booting problems. Run the boot-repair tool and click recommended repair. This Can solve most of the problems. If this didn't solve your problems please continue reading.
3) Clear everything
here you should format the EFI partition as it might be corrupted (like in my case) (you can use the GParted tool already installed in the boot-repair live USB.
Now You can recreate this EFI partition using this way Or you can regenerate it using Windows USB (If you have Windows dual booted with Ubuntu) for UFEI MBR
In case you restored it using the Windows USB method and restored the Windows EFI partition you will be able to boot to your Windows once you boot to it open the cmd and administrator and run these commands:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} displaybootmenu yesbcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI\ubuntu\grubx64.efiDelete these files (or take them as backups):
etc/default/grubboot/grub/grub.cfgCheck the `etc/fstab' file and make sure that no errors in it. You can take a look at this question here and there are a lot of topics online about how to fix the broken fstab file.
run these commands to mount and chroot your Ubuntu in the live USB terminal but replace the sdb5 with the partition where your Ubuntu is installed on.
sudo mount /dev/sdb5 /mnt && mount --rbind /dev /mnt/dev && mount --rbind /proc /mnt/proc && mount --rbind /sys /mnt/sys && chroot /mnt bashNow run this command to regenerate 'etc/default/grub' file:
sudo apt-get remove --purge grub-pc && apt-get install grub-pcand then
update-grub4) Run the boot-repair tool again
here everything should work very well.:)