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Py-ser
Asked: 2022-05-26 23:04:32 +0800 CST

apt --purge autoremove 找不到旧内核

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我在 Ubuntu 20.04 上，我试图了解我的 Linux 内核发生了什么，但我觉得有些奇怪。当前内核应该是：

@precision-3551:~$ uname -r
5.13.0-44-generic

但我也可以看到还有其他安装的内核。一件奇怪的事情是，安装的内核要么是 要么5.13，5.4两者之间没有任何内容：

@precision-3551:~$ dpkg --list | egrep -i --color 'linux-image|linux-headers'
ii  linux-headers-5.0.0-1034-oem-osp1          5.0.0-1034.39                       amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.0.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.13.0-41-generic            5.13.0-41.46~20.04.1                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.13.0-44-generic            5.13.0-44.49~20.04.1                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.4.0-113                    5.4.0-113.127                       all          Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.4.0
ii  linux-headers-5.4.0-113-generic            5.4.0-113.127                       amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-generic                      5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Generic Linux kernel headers
ii  linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04            5.13.0.44.49~20.04.28               amd64        Generic Linux kernel headers
rc  linux-image-5.0.0-1034-oem-osp1            5.0.0-1034.39                       amd64        Signed kernel image oem-osp1
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-41-generic              5.13.0-41.46~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-44-generic              5.13.0-44.49~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-100-generic              5.4.0-100.113                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-104-generic              5.4.0-104.118                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-105-generic              5.4.0-105.119                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-107-generic              5.4.0-107.121                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-109-generic              5.4.0-109.123                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-110-generic              5.4.0-110.124                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.4.0-113-generic              5.4.0-113.127                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-65-generic               5.4.0-65.73~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-66-generic               5.4.0-66.74~18.04.2                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-70-generic               5.4.0-70.78~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-71-generic               5.4.0-71.79~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-72-generic               5.4.0-72.80~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-73-generic               5.4.0-73.82~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-74-generic               5.4.0-74.83~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-77-generic               5.4.0-77.86~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-80-generic               5.4.0-80.90~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-81-generic               5.4.0-81.91~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-84-generic               5.4.0-84.94~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-86-generic               5.4.0-86.97~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-87-generic               5.4.0-87.98~18.04.1                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-89-generic               5.4.0-89.100~18.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-90-generic               5.4.0-90.101                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-91-generic               5.4.0-91.102                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-92-generic               5.4.0-92.103                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-94-generic               5.4.0-94.106                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-96-generic               5.4.0-96.109                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-97-generic               5.4.0-97.110                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
rc  linux-image-5.4.0-99-generic               5.4.0-99.112                        amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-generic                        5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04              5.13.0.44.49~20.04.28               amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-oem-osp1                       5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Depends on the generic kernel image (dummy transitional package)
@precision-3551:~$ dpkg --list | grep -i -E --color 'linux-image|linux-kernel' | grep '^ii'
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-41-generic              5.13.0-41.46~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-44-generic              5.13.0-44.49~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.4.0-113-generic              5.4.0-113.127                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-generic                        5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04              5.13.0.44.49~20.04.28               amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-oem-osp1

当我尝试清除时，我没有得到任何列出的：

@precision-3551:~$ sudo apt --purge autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

正如this answer/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/01autoremove-kernels所建议的那样，我也调查了，但在我的情况下该文件不存在。我认为通过删除内核可以节省一些空间。我怎么能这样做，或者有任何我不应该这样做的迹象？5.4

apt

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    让我们花点时间简单地重新组织该列表。也许现在它会更有意义：

    // OEM Kernel packages
ii  linux-image-oem-osp1                       5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Depends on the generic kernel image (dummy transitional package)
ii  linux-headers-5.0.0-1034-oem-osp1          5.0.0-1034.39                       amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.0.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc  linux-image-5.0.0-1034-oem-osp1            5.0.0-1034.39                       amd64        Signed kernel image oem-osp1

// Original 20.04 kernel 5.4 packages
ii  linux-image-generic                        5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-5.4.0-113-generic              5.4.0-113.127                       amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-headers-generic                      5.4.0.113.117                       amd64        Generic Linux kernel headers
ii  linux-headers-5.4.0-113                    5.4.0-113.127                       all          Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.4.0
ii  linux-headers-5.4.0-113-generic            5.4.0-113.127                       amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

// Hardware Enablement (HWE) 20.04 kernel 5.13 packages
ii  linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04              5.13.0.44.49~20.04.28               amd64        Generic Linux kernel image
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-41-generic              5.13.0-41.46~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-image-5.13.0-44-generic              5.13.0-44.49~20.04.1                amd64        Signed kernel image generic
ii  linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04            5.13.0.44.49~20.04.28               amd64        Generic Linux kernel headers
ii  linux-headers-5.13.0-41-generic            5.13.0-41.46~20.04.1                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii  linux-headers-5.13.0-44-generic            5.13.0-44.49~20.04.1                amd64        Linux kernel headers for version 5.13.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP

    • rc内核未安装，不占用空间。这些只是 apt 过去知道的 apt 内核数据库中的条目。我们忽略了他们中的大多数。

    • 您有一个 OEM 内核元数据包和标头。OEM 内核在有限的时间内用于特定硬件，直到对该硬件的硬件支持进入主线内核。如果您的硬件在您当前的 5.13 内核上运行良好，那么您不再需要那些 5.0 和 5.4 OEM 内核包。简单地删除它们：sudo apt remove linux-image-oem-osp1 linux-headers-5.0.0-1034-oem-osp1. 看？那很简单。

    • 您拥有 Ubuntu 20.04 附带的原始 5.4 内核堆栈。但是您没有使用它（您使用的是 HWE 5.13 系列）。除非您打算恢复到 5.4，否则您可以简单地删除这五个包。

    • 您有两个版本的当前 5.13 内核，-44 和较旧的 -41。这就是正确的样子（你确实应该有两个）。不要删除任何这些软件包。让 apt 自动处理这个系列。

    • 看起来apt没有什么问题。它确实会自动删除较旧的内核——这就是为什么rc列出这么多内核的原因。你安装了这么多内核是因为你——人类管理员——没有指示 apt 卸载那些 OEM 和 5.4 元包，而引入额外的内核就是这些元包所做的！

    • 1

  2. 您的状态为“rc”的内核已经被卸载，但一些配置可能仍然存在。如果你想清理配置，你可以做sudo dpkg --purge <name of package>，例如sudo dpkg --purge linux-image-5.4.0-86-generic。

    • 0

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