Ubuntu 16.10 及更高版本中的 Nautilus 功能“创建链接”发生了什么变化？

Question

dln949

Asked: 2021-08-30 17:53:17 +0800 CST2021-08-30 17:53:17 +0800 CST 2021-08-30 17:53:17 +0800 CST

无法在 Bionic 中安装 ffmpeg，并持有包

772

我曾经ffmpeg安装在我的系统上，但不知何故——我不知道如何或何时——它被卸载了。所以，我尝试ffmpeg通过 Synaptic 安装。但是当我将其标记为安装时，它会出现红色感叹号，表示包损坏。

当我研究这个时，我还发现在过去的几天里，我的系统说我有三个“保留”的包，虽然系统说它们已经准备好更新，但它们从来没有更新过。这三个包是：

libavcodec58
libavutil56
libswresample3

sudo apt list –upgradable给出这个结果：

libavcodec58/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]
libavutil56/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]
libswresample3/bionic 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 amd64 [upgradable from: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04]

sudo apt upgrade给出这个结果：

The following packages have been kept back:  
 libavutil56 libswresample3
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

我的想法是卸载这三个包，然后尝试重新安装它们，但是……我没有这样做，通过 Synaptic 卸载其中的任何一个都给了我一条消息，一长串包也将被卸载 –基本上，我拥有的每个多媒体应用程序，例如 Audacity、VLC 等。

我一直在这个网站和其他网站上阅读很多其他人的问题的答案，但不幸的是，它们都让我更加困惑什么是错的和该怎么做。所以，我转向这里寻求帮助。

为什么我无法升级这三个包？我该如何解决这个问题？

如何ffmpeg从 Synaptic 安装而不会收到损坏的包错误消息？

输出sudo apt-get --reinstall install libavcodec58 libavutil56 libswresample3：

Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libavcodec58 : Depends: libx264-155 but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.

输出apt-cache policy libavcodec58 libavutil56 libswresample3：

libavcodec58:
  Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
  Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
  Version table:
     7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
 *** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libavutil56:
  Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
  Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
  Version table:
     7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
 *** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
libswresample3:
  Installed: 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04
  Candidate: 7:4.3-2~18.04.york0
  Version table:
     7:4.3-2~18.04.york0 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
 *** 7:4.1.3-0ppa1~18.04 500
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

sudo apt upgrade 的输出：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  libavutil56 libswresample3
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 2 not upgraded.

sudo apt update 的输出：

Ign:1 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge InRelease
Ign:2 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease                         
Hit:3 https://updates.signal.org/desktop/apt xenial InRelease                  
Hit:4 https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu bionic InRelease                
Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease              
Hit:6 http://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge Release             
Hit:7 https://brave-browser-apt-release.s3.brave.com bionic InRelease          
Hit:8 https://headsetapp.co/headset-electron/debian stable InRelease           
Hit:9 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/home:/stevenpusser/xUbuntu_18.04  InRelease
Hit:10 http://download.onlyoffice.com/repo/debian squeeze InRelease            
Hit:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease                       
Hit:12 https://www.collaboraoffice.com/repos/CollaboraOnline/CODE-ubuntu1804 ./ InRelease
Hit:13 http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network:/messaging:/xmpp:/dino/xUbuntu_18.04  InRelease
Hit:14 http://repository.spotify.com stable InRelease                          
Hit:15 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease               
Hit:16 https://download.virtualbox.org/virtualbox/debian bionic InRelease      
Hit:17 http://linux.dropbox.com/ubuntu bionic Release                          
Hit:19 http://ppa.launchpad.net/morphis/anbox-support/ubuntu bionic InRelease  
Hit:20 https://download.mono-project.com/repo/ubuntu stable-bionic InRelease   
Hit:21 https://repo.skype.com/deb stable InRelease                             
Hit:23 http://ppa.launchpad.net/agornostal/ulauncher/ubuntu bionic InRelease   
Hit:24 https://ocean.surfshark.com/debian stretch InRelease                    
Ign:25 http://repo.vivaldi.com/stable/deb stable InRelease                     
Hit:27 http://repo.vivaldi.com/stable/deb stable Release                       
Hit:28 http://ppa.launchpad.net/alexlarsson/flatpak/ubuntu bionic InRelease    
Hit:29 http://ppa.launchpad.net/andreasbutti/xournalpp-master/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:30 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                  
Hit:31 http://dl.google.com/linux/earth/deb stable InRelease                   
Hit:32 http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org bionic InRelease               
Hit:33 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/atareao/ubuntu bionic InRelease        
Hit:34 https://packages.microsoft.com/repos/ms-teams stable InRelease          
Hit:35 http://ppa.launchpad.net/atareao/telegram/ubuntu bionic InRelease       
Get:36 https://mega.nz/linux/MEGAsync/xUbuntu_18.04 ./ InRelease [2,473 B]     
Hit:37 https://linux.teamviewer.com/deb stable InRelease                       
Hit:38 http://ppa.launchpad.net/audio-recorder/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease     
Hit:39 https://linux.teamviewer.com/deb preview InRelease                 
Hit:40 http://shop.softmaker.com/repo/apt wheezy InRelease                     
Hit:41 http://ppa.launchpad.net/bit-team/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease        
Hit:42 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:43 https://wire-app.wire.com/linux/debian stable InRelease            
Hit:44 http://ppa.launchpad.net/cybolic/vineyard-testing/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:45 http://ppa.launchpad.net/danielrichter2007/grub-customizer/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:46 https://dl.yarnpkg.com/debian stable InRelease [17.1 kB]                
Hit:48 http://ppa.launchpad.net/diesch/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease          
Hit:49 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gerardpuig/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease         
Hit:18 https://packagecloud.io/firstlookmedia/code/ubuntu bionic InRelease     
Hit:50 http://ppa.launchpad.net/i2p-maintainers/i2p/ubuntu bionic InRelease    
Hit:51 http://ppa.launchpad.net/maarten-baert/simplescreenrecorder/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:52 http://ppa.launchpad.net/mikhailnov/pulseeffects/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:54 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nextcloud-devs/client/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:22 https://packages.riot.im/debian bionic InRelease                   
Hit:55 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:56 http://ppa.launchpad.net/noobslab/apps/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:57 http://ppa.launchpad.net/openshot.developers/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:58 http://ppa.launchpad.net/peek-developers/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:59 http://ppa.launchpad.net/phoerious/keepassxc/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:60 http://ppa.launchpad.net/photoflare/photoflare-stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:61 http://ppa.launchpad.net/psi-plus/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:62 http://ppa.launchpad.net/rvm/smplayer/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:63 http://ppa.launchpad.net/sandromani/gimagereader/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:64 http://ppa.launchpad.net/stebbins/handbrake-releases/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:65 http://ppa.launchpad.net/system76-dev/stable/ubuntu bionic InRelease [15.4 kB]
Hit:66 http://ppa.launchpad.net/teejee2008/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease         
Hit:67 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thomas.tsai/ubuntu-tuxboot/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:68 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/apps/ubuntu bionic InRelease   
Hit:69 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/cantata-qt/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:70 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/corebird/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:71 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ufleisch/kid3/ubuntu bionic InRelease          
Hit:72 http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/y-ppa-manager/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:73 http://ppa.launchpad.net/yg-jensge/shotwell/ubuntu bionic InRelease     
Hit:74 http://ppa.launchpad.net/yktooo/ppa/ubuntu bionic InRelease             
Fetched 35.0 kB in 13s (2,664 B/s)                                             
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
3 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.

2 个回答

Voted

N0rbert · Answer 1 · 2021-08-31T10:31:41+08:00

Best Answer

N0rbert

2021-08-31T10:31:41+08:002021-08-31T10:31:41+08:00

您必须通过以下方式清除有问题的 PPA

sudo apt-get install ppa-purge
sudo ppa-purge ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/apps
sudo ppa-purge ppa:cybermax-dexter/sdl2-backport

然后通过以下方式安装所有可能具有最新依赖项的更新

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

最后从官方存储库ffmpeg安装包

sudo apt-get install ffmpeg=3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2

3

Dev Programming · Answer 2 · 2021-08-31T06:26:57+08:00

Dev Programming

2021-08-31T06:26:57+08:002021-08-31T06:26:57+08:00

只需键入常用命令即可安装 ffmpeg，它是一种用于对多媒体文件进行转码的工具。

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade 
sudo apt install ffmpeg

如果您遇到安装损坏的问题，请键入通常的命令来修复您的 linux 系统上的损坏安装。

sudo apt --fix-broken install

第二种方法来自 SNAP，你在你的 Ubuntu 系统上拥有。

sudo snap install ffmpeg

第三种方法来自官方方式，即 ffmpeg 的官方网站，所有想要在其 linux 系统上安装 ffmpeg 的人都可以获得完整的安装手册。

-2

无法在 Bionic 中安装 ffmpeg，并持有包

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如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？

无法在 Bionic 中安装 ffmpeg，并持有包

2 个回答

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