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Flimm
Asked: 2020-09-08 10:02:16 +0800 CST

为什么安装 Wine 会卸载其他软件包？

  • 772

我正在尝试在 Ubuntu 20.04 上安装 Wine。但是，当我尝试apt在命令行上执行此操作时，它说它将删除 Apache2、Blender 和其他一些东西。知道为什么吗？

$ sudo apt-get install wine64
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  apache2-data apache2-utils blender-data libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libblosc1 libdcmtk14 libglew2.1 libjemalloc2 libopenimageio2.1 libopenvdb6.2
  libosdcpu3.4.0 libosdgpu3.4.0 libspnav0 libsquish0 php7.2-readline
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  fonts-wine libcapi20-3 libfaudio0 libosmesa6 libstb0 libvkd3d1 libwine wine
Suggested packages:
  gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad q4wine winbind winetricks playonlinux wine-binfmt dosbox wine64-preloader
Recommended packages:
  wine32
The following packages will be REMOVED
  apache2 apache2-bin blender libapache2-mod-php7.2 php-fpm php-gd php7.2 php7.2-cli php7.2-fpm php7.3 php7.3-fpm php7.3-gd php7.4-fpm php7.4-gd silversearcher-ag
  whois
The following NEW packages will be installed
  fonts-wine libcapi20-3 libfaudio0 libosmesa6 libstb0 libvkd3d1 libwine wine wine64
0 to upgrade, 9 to newly install, 16 to remove and 4 not to upgrade.
Need to get 28.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 122 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

我还将添加完成，这些不是标记为删除的不需要的依赖项，如此命令所示：

$ sudo apt-get autoremove
# ...
0 to upgrade, 0 to newly install, 0 to remove and 4 not to upgrade.

编辑：感谢 Brian Turek 的提示，我尝试使用 aptitude 安装它：

$ sudo apt install aptitude
# ...
$ sudo aptitude install wine64
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  fonts-wine{a} glib-networking:i386{a} gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386{a} gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:i386{a} gstreamer1.0-x:i386{a} i965-va-driver:i386{a} 
  intel-media-va-driver:i386{a} libaa1:i386{a} libaom0:i386{a} libasn1-8-heimdal:i386{a} libasound2:i386{a} libasound2-plugins:i386{a} libasyncns0:i386{a} 
  libavahi-client3:i386{a} libavahi-common-data:i386{a} libavahi-common3:i386{a} libavc1394-0:i386{a} libavcodec58:i386{a} libavutil56:i386{a} libblkid1:i386{a} 
  libbrotli1:i386{a} libbz2-1.0:i386{a} libcaca0:i386{a} libcairo-gobject2:i386{a} libcairo2:i386{a} libcap2:i386{a} libcapi20-3{a} libcapi20-3:i386{a} 
  libcdparanoia0:i386{a} libcodec2-0.9:i386{a} libcom-err2:i386{a} libcups2:i386{a} libcurl3-gnutls:i386{a} libdatrie1:i386{a} libdb5.3:i386{a} 
  libdbus-1-3:i386{a} libdv4:i386{a} libexif12:i386{a} libfaudio0{a} libfaudio0:i386{a} libflac8:i386{a} libfontconfig1:i386{a} libfreetype6:i386{a} 
  libfribidi0:i386{a} libgcrypt20:i386{a} libgd3:i386{ab} libgdbm-compat4:i386{a} libgdbm6:i386{a} libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386{a} libglib2.0-0:i386{a} 
  libglu1-mesa:i386{a} libgmp10:i386{a} libgnutls30:i386{a} libgomp1:i386{a} libgpg-error0:i386{a} libgphoto2-6:i386{a} libgphoto2-port12:i386{a} libgpm2:i386{a} 
  libgraphite2-3:i386{a} libgsm1:i386{a} libgssapi-krb5-2:i386{a} libgssapi3-heimdal:i386{a} libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386{a} 
  libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:i386{a} libgstreamer1.0-0:i386{a} libgudev-1.0-0:i386{a} libharfbuzz0b:i386{a} libhcrypto4-heimdal:i386{a} 
  libheimbase1-heimdal:i386{a} libheimntlm0-heimdal:i386{a} libhogweed5:i386{a} libhx509-5-heimdal:i386{a} libicu66:i386{a} libidn2-0:i386{ab} 
  libiec61883-0:i386{a} libieee1284-3:i386{a} libigdgmm11:i386{a} libjack-jackd2-0:i386{a} libjbig0:i386{a} libjpeg-turbo8:i386{a} libjpeg8:i386{a} 
  libk5crypto3:i386{a} libkeyutils1:i386{a} libkrb5-26-heimdal:i386{a} libkrb5-3:i386{a} libkrb5support0:i386{a} liblcms2-2:i386{a} libldap-2.4-2:i386{a} 
  libltdl7:i386{a} liblz4-1:i386{a} liblzma5:i386{a} libmount1:i386{a} libmp3lame0:i386{a} libmpg123-0:i386{a} libmysqlclient21:i386{a} libncurses6:i386{a} 
  libncursesw6:i386{a} libnettle7:i386{a} libnghttp2-14:i386{a} libnuma1:i386{a} libodbc1:i386{a} libogg0:i386{a} libopenal1:i386{a} libopenjp2-7:i386{a} 
  libopus0:i386{a} liborc-0.4-0:i386{a} libosmesa6{a} libosmesa6:i386{a} libp11-kit0:i386{a} libpango-1.0-0:i386{a} libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386{a} 
  libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386{a} libpcap0.8:i386{a} libpci3:i386{a} libpcre2-8-0:i386{ab} libpcre3:i386{ab} libperl5.30:i386{a} libpixman-1-0:i386{a} 
  libpng16-16:i386{a} libproxy1v5:i386{a} libpsl5:i386{a} libpulse0:i386{a} libraw1394-11:i386{a} libroken18-heimdal:i386{a} librsvg2-2:i386{a} 
  librsvg2-common:i386{a} librtmp1:i386{a} libsamplerate0:i386{a} libsane:i386{a} libsasl2-2:i386{a} libsasl2-modules:i386{a} libsasl2-modules-db:i386{a} 
  libsdl2-2.0-0:i386{a} libselinux1:i386{a} libshine3:i386{a} libshout3:i386{a} libslang2:i386{a} libsnappy1v5:i386{a} libsndfile1:i386{a} libsndio7.0:i386{a} 
  libsnmp35:i386{a} libsoup2.4-1:i386{a} libsoxr0:i386{a} libspeex1:i386{a} libsqlite3-0:i386{a} libssh-4:i386{a} libssl1.1:i386{a} libstb0{a} libstb0:i386{a} 
  libswresample3:i386{a} libsystemd0:i386{a} libtag1v5:i386{a} libtag1v5-vanilla:i386{a} libtasn1-6:i386{a} libthai0:i386{a} libtheora0:i386{a} libtiff5:i386{a} 
  libtwolame0:i386{a} libudev1:i386{a} libunistring2:i386{a} libusb-1.0-0:i386{a} libuuid1:i386{a} libv4l-0:i386{a} libv4lconvert0:i386{a} libva-drm2:i386{a} 
  libva-x11-2:i386{a} libva2:i386{a} libvdpau1:i386{a} libvisual-0.4-0:i386{a} libvkd3d1{a} libvkd3d1:i386{a} libvorbis0a:i386{a} libvorbisenc2:i386{a} 
  libvpx6:i386{a} libwavpack1:i386{a} libwayland-cursor0:i386{a} libwayland-egl1:i386{a} libwebp6:i386{a} libwebpmux3:i386{a} libwind0-heimdal:i386{a} libwine{a} 
  libwine:i386{a} libwrap0:i386{a} libx264-155:i386{a} libx265-179:i386{a} libxcb-render0:i386{a} libxcb-shm0:i386{a} libxcb-xfixes0:i386{a} 
  libxcomposite1:i386{a} libxcursor1:i386{a} libxi6:i386{a} libxinerama1:i386{a} libxkbcommon0:i386{a} libxml2:i386{a} libxpm4:i386{a} libxrandr2:i386{a} 
  libxrender1:i386{a} libxslt1.1:i386{a} libxss1:i386{a} libxv1:i386{a} libxvidcore4:i386{a} libzvbi0:i386{a} mesa-va-drivers:i386{a} mesa-vdpau-drivers:i386{a} 
  ocl-icd-libopencl1:i386{a} va-driver-all:i386{a} vdpau-driver-all:i386{a} wine{a} wine32:i386{a} wine64 
0 packages upgraded, 210 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 129 MB of archives. After unpacking 806 MB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 libgd3 : Breaks: libgd3:i386 (!= 2.2.5-5.2+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) but 2.2.5-5.2ubuntu2 is to be installed
 libgd3:i386 : Breaks: libgd3 (!= 2.2.5-5.2ubuntu2) but 2.2.5-5.2+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 is installed
 libpcre3 : Breaks: libpcre3:i386 (!= 2:8.43-1+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) but 2:8.39-12build1 is to be installed
 libpcre3:i386 : Breaks: libpcre3 (!= 2:8.39-12build1) but 2:8.43-1+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 is installed
 libpcre2-8-0 : Breaks: libpcre2-8-0:i386 (!= 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) but 10.34-7 is to be installed
 libpcre2-8-0:i386 : Breaks: libpcre2-8-0 (!= 10.34-7) but 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 is installed
 libidn2-0 : Breaks: libidn2-0:i386 (!= 2.3.0-1+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1) but 2.2.0-2 is to be installed
 libidn2-0:i386 : Breaks: libidn2-0 (!= 2.2.0-2) but 2.3.0-1+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 is installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

      Keep the following packages at their current version:                          
1)      glib-networking:i386 [Not Installed]                                         
2)      gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386 [Not Installed]                               
3)      gstreamer1.0-plugins-good:i386 [Not Installed]                               
4)      gstreamer1.0-x:i386 [Not Installed]                                          
5)      libavcodec58:i386 [Not Installed]                                            
6)      libcairo-gobject2:i386 [Not Installed]                                       
7)      libcups2:i386 [Not Installed]                                                
8)      libcurl3-gnutls:i386 [Not Installed]                                         
9)      libfaudio0:i386 [Not Installed]                                              
10)     libgd3:i386 [Not Installed]                                                  
11)     libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                      
12)     libglib2.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                            
13)     libgnutls30:i386 [Not Installed]                                             
14)     libgphoto2-6:i386 [Not Installed]                                            
15)     libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                          
16)     libgstreamer-plugins-good1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                          
17)     libgstreamer1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                       
18)     libgudev-1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                          
19)     libharfbuzz0b:i386 [Not Installed]                                           
20)     libidn2-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                               
21)     libldap-2.4-2:i386 [Not Installed]                                           
22)     libmount1:i386 [Not Installed]                                               
23)     libpango-1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                          
24)     libpangocairo-1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                     
25)     libpangoft2-1.0-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                       
26)     libpcre2-8-0:i386 [Not Installed]                                            
27)     libpcre3:i386 [Not Installed]                                                
28)     libpsl5:i386 [Not Installed]                                                 
29)     librsvg2-2:i386 [Not Installed]                                              
30)     librsvg2-common:i386 [Not Installed]                                         
31)     librtmp1:i386 [Not Installed]                                                
32)     libsane:i386 [Not Installed]                                                 
33)     libselinux1:i386 [Not Installed]                                             
34)     libsoup2.4-1:i386 [Not Installed]                                            
35)     libwine:i386 [Not Installed]                                                 
36)     wine32:i386 [Not Installed]                                                  

      Leave the following dependencies unresolved:                                   
37)     libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-0:i386 recommends gstreamer1.0-plugins-base:i386
38)     wine64 recommends wine32 (= 5.0-3ubuntu1)                                    



Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?]

Edit2：根据要求，这是以下命令的输出：

$ apt-cache policy "libpcre2-8-0:i386"
libpcre2-8-0:i386:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 10.34-7
  Version table:
     10.34-7 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main i386 Packages
$ apt-cache policy libpcre2-8-0
libpcre2-8-0:
  Installed: 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1
  Candidate: 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1
  Version table:
 *** 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     10.34-7 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages
wine apt

3 个回答

  1. 卸载其他软件包实际上并不是 wine，它只是同时清理不需要的依赖项。在某些时候，您可能安装了一些需要 Apache+PHP 的应用程序，然后使用apt remove. 安装应用程序时，它需要一些依赖项，但在删除时它们不会自动删除。

    你可以通过运行sudo apt autoremovewhich 来测试它应该列出所有相同的包然后删除它们。

    • 3
  2. Best Answer

    事实证明，我遇到了这个问题，因为我从第三方存储库deb.sury.org安装了软件包。虽然我现在记不太清了，但我想我几个月前从那个存储库安装了一个更新版本的 PHP，可能在升级到 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 之前。即使该第三方存储库被禁用（如“软件和更新”GUI 工具中所示），其中一些软件包仍被安装，并且具有比 Ubuntu 存储库中可用的更高的版本号。这意味着它们没有被更新所取代。

    感谢Brian Turek的帮助，这就是我为调查和解决这个问题所做的工作：

    安装后aptitude，我跑了sudo aptitude install wine64：

    这给了我更多有用的错误消息，并表明问题在于与名为libpcre3（和其他包）的包的依赖要求冲突，特别是版本号 2:8.43-1+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1。这deb.sury.org部分暗示这个包不是来自 Ubuntu 存储库，而是来自第三方存储库 deb.sury.org。

    我检查了一个包的来源apt-cache policy libpcre2-8-0

    这向我展示了这个输出：

    $ apt-cache policy libpcre2-8-0
libpcre2-8-0:
  Installed: 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1
  Candidate: 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1
  Version table:
 *** 10.34-7+ubuntu18.04.1+deb.sury.org+1 100
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     10.34-7 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages

    这表明安装的版本是deb.sury.org版本，版本号最高的版本是deb.sury.org版本，但是Ubuntu存储库（archive.ubuntu.com）中还有另一个版本。

    此时，我决定从该存储库中删除所有软件包并重新安装 Ubuntu 存储库版本。

    删除第三方存储库

    如果第三方存储库尚未删除，我会使用“软件和更新”工具将其删除

    列出从 deb.sury.org 安装的所有软件包

    我通过运行从该存储库创建了所有包的列表：

    apt list --installed | grep sury

    从 deb.sury.org 卸载或重新安装软件包

    对于该列表中的每个包，我尝试卸载该包：

    sudo apt uninstall PACKAGENAME

    或者我会像这样从 Ubuntu 存储库重新安装它。我会从 Ubuntu 存储库中找到正确的版本号：

    $ apt-cache madison libidn2-0
 libidn2-0 |    2.2.0-2 | http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/main amd64 Packages

    然后我会使用该版本号重新安装它：

    $ sudo apt install --reinstall libidn2-0=2.2.0-2
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  libidn2-0
# ...
    • 3

  3. 如果您的问题来自deb.sury.org它的软件包，也可以通过再次添加存储库来解决。我这样做了，因为我真的想要那些版本。

    sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

    另请参阅https://deb.sury.org/和https://launchpad.net/~ondrej/+archive/ubuntu/php/。

    • 0

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