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Doug Smythies
Asked: 2020-04-24 06:53:30 +0800 CST

help.ubuntu.com 上的 apache RedirectMatch 在所有情况下都不会重定向

  • 772

对于 20.04，Ubuntu 服务器指南已移至新位置。重定向已添加到 .htaccess 文件中。但是，它们不适用于所有 URL。

请注意，help.ubuntu.com 的相关部分每天仅从主启动板分支发布一次。目标是做到这一点，因为我昨天显然没有做到这一点。

工作示例：

https://help.ubuntu.com/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html.fr

去：

https://ubuntu.com/server/docs

不工作的例子：

https://help.ubuntu.com/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html

返回 404 未找到。

.htaccess 文件的相关部分：

# For 20.04, and likely onwards, the serveguide has moved.
# Don't try to be too clever, just force the base page and drop the rest.
#
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.html)\..* https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.pdf)\..* https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide

它似乎需要语言扩展才能工作。这行得通吗？

RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.html) https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.pdf) https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide

我没有办法在我的测试服务器上对此进行测试，并希望在下一个出版物中正确使用它。

编辑：通过删除表达式的“行首”部分，事实证明我可以在我的测试服务器上调试它，该位置是几个子目录。通过 Muru 的答案测试和我自己的测试，有是对解决方案的信心。

参考资料：
https ://help.ubuntu.com/
https://code.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-core-doc/help.ubuntu.com/help.ubuntu.com
https://bazaar.launchpad.net/ ~ubuntu-core-doc/help.ubuntu.com/help.ubuntu.com/view/head:/.htaccess
Apache Web 服务器 - 如何去除语言扩展

apache2

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    在RedirectMatch(and AliasMatch) 中，正则表达式与 URL 匹配。它不必匹配整个 URL，除非使用^and锚定这样做$。所以，是的，你的建议：

    RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.html) https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.pdf) https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide

    将匹配/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html.fr和/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html。它也将匹配/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html.frfoobar，但随后，原始版本也匹配。

    如果你安装了 Docker，测试起来并不难：

    1. 获取 docker 镜像和 Apache conf：

      docker run --rm httpd:2.4-alpine cat /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf > my-httpd.conf
    2. 编辑my-httpd.conf到块AllowOveride All中<Directory "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs">

    3. 创建您的 htaccess 文件：

      mkdir foo
cat > foo/.htaccess <<EOF
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.html) https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
RedirectMatch permanent ^/(stable|lts|20\.04)/(serverguide/.+\.pdf) https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide
EOF

    4. 创建一些测试用例：

      cat > urls <<EOF
localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html.fr
localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html
localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/serverguide.pdf
localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/serverguide.pdf.fr
localhost:8080/foo/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.htmlbar
EOF

    5. 运行阿帕奇：

      docker run -d --name apache -p 8080:80 -v $PWD/my-httpd.conf:/usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf -v $PWD/foo:/usr/local/apache2/htdocs/ httpd:2.4-alpine

    6. 针对此本地 apache 服务器测试您的 URL：

      % xargs -ta urls  -n1 curl -sI
curl -sI localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html.fr
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2020 15:58:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.43 (Unix)
Location: https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

curl -sI localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.html
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2020 15:58:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.43 (Unix)
Location: https://ubuntu.com/server/docs
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

curl -sI localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/serverguide.pdf
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2020 15:58:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.43 (Unix)
Location: https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

curl -sI localhost:8080/20.04/serverguide/serverguide.pdf.fr
HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2020 15:58:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.43 (Unix)
Location: https://assets.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-server-guide
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1

curl -sI localhost:8080/foo/20.04/serverguide/remote-administration.htmlbar
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Date: Thu, 23 Apr 2020 15:58:34 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.43 (Unix)
Content-Type: text/html; charset=iso-8859-1
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